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Vaccination against atherosclerosis

06.08.2005

About a decade ago, Swedish researcher Jan Nilsson of Lund University, while studying the development of sclerotic plaques in blood vessels in mice, injected small amounts of low-density lipoprotein into experimental animals.

This is a protein-fat complex, the main carrier of cholesterol in the blood. However, to Nilsson's surprise, the amount of cholesterol deposits on the walls of blood vessels in mice did not increase, but decreased. This led the experimenter to the idea that small doses of low-density lipoprotein can protect blood vessels from cholesterol deposition.

Recently, two Swedish laboratories reported the success of such an "atherosclerosis inoculation", again in mice. In animals that received lipoprotein injections, the number of plaques decreased by 70 percent, and the existing ones stopped growing. Apparently, small doses of a dangerous carrier of cholesterol lead to the production of antibodies against it.

Nilsson believes that it will be possible to prevent atherosclerosis in old age by vaccinating children, and to treat already developed atherosclerosis by introducing ready-made antibodies to low-density lipoprotein, obtained by genetic engineering. Clinical trials on humans may begin in a year and a half or two.

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