Connecting wood panels. Drawing, description

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Connecting wood panels. home workshop

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The connection of wooden panels with the help of various kinds of spikes has a dual purpose. First of all, obtaining a rigid articulation of various parts of the structure, such as parts of bookshelves, drawers of a table or wall, sidewalls of a bed or sofa frame, and similar furniture elements. The second no less important task is to improve the mechanical properties of flat wooden parts: their competent connection allows you to avoid warping, curvature of the product.

The basic principle is that the connection should be as large as possible in area and held firmly without auxiliary materials (screws, staples, nails).

(click to enlarge)

Wooden joints in their design may be as follows.

Extensions. We connect two wooden structures with ends, along the width of the material, in order to increase the surface area. The most famous ways of such an articulation are: plug-in spike (1), rectangular spike (2), "groove" (3).

Extension is similar to the previous one, but we use this method when it is necessary to save material or round off.

Framework. We use it when it is necessary to join two wooden planks or two beams, usually at a right angle. Two of its varieties are known: a direct scissor joint (4) and the so-called "moustache" - half-hidden scissor joint (5). To implement it, we cut out a spike at the end of one part, and a depression of the same shape on the mating part. In the rectangular version, the cutouts are made at right angles, and with the "moustache" connection - at an angle of 45 °. With direct articulation, the spike is visible on both parts, and with hidden articulation, only on one (the plane of the spike and cutouts must be strictly parallel!).

With a tsargo connection, the parts are also located at a right angle, but not in the same plane. The most common way of such a connection is gear. The teeth can be rectangular (6), that is, with parallel sides of the same size. In the variety called "dovetail" (7), the sides of the teeth and notches are shaped like a trapezoid. This type of connection has three options: open, semi-hidden and hidden.

The name "dovetail" appeared, apparently, only because we treat the swallow with special love. More accurate is the English name "dovetail", which means the tail of a dove. Such cutouts are more like a pigeon's tail. But no matter how we call this joint, it is recognized as the most durable.

With an open type of marking in the form of a "dovetail", the end face of both parts is visible. When half hidden - only one teeth. With the hidden option (8), the ends are completely hidden.

Types of connection of wooden panels.

If you need a reliable connection, the appearance of which does not matter much, the simpler, open method is preferable. It is usually used in the manufacture of boxes. Sometimes the structure of the tree even adorns the end of the manufactured item.

When using a dovetail joint, only dry, straight-grained wood of good quality should be taken. The butt must be processed with a planer and carefully sanded. The course of work is as follows (9): first mark out, and then cut out the recesses. After that, teeth are marked on them at the joined end. When marking, it is very important to monitor the proportionality of the teeth and recesses. Their trapezoidal shape should not exceed 70 - 75 °, otherwise the wood may burst.

When cutting and sampling wood from the grooves, it is better to leave the marking lines: it is later convenient to fine-tune them, for example, with a small rasp - the joint will turn out to be accurate and even.

The semi-hidden articulation method is shown in Figure 9. The progress of work, unlike the previous one, is reversed. First, we perform the teeth and already mark the reciprocal recesses along them. We make perpendicular cuts with a saw, then cut out the triangles, and only after that we remove the rest with a chisel.

We direct the saw and chisel so that the pattern remains visible. Then the corners must be processed with a narrow chisel and a needle file so that the sides of the nest are mutually perpendicular. Now you can try to insert the gear part into the sockets. If necessary, remove interfering places with a file or sandpaper. With a completely hidden option, the ends of the parts and the teeth themselves will not be visible at all.

Dovetailing takes a lot of time. But the one who patiently and accurately performs this work will receive satisfaction from the resulting strong and beautiful joint.

According to the materials of the magazine "Ezermeshter", Hungary

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