Recovery of ferric chloride. Tips for a beginner radio amateur

DIRECTORY
Free library / Directory / HAM Tips

Recovery of ferric chloride. HAM Tips

HAM Tips

During the etching of printed circuit boards, the ferric chloride solution gradually loses its activity, and the etching rate decreases. This is due to the fact that the solution is saturated with copper ions.

Usually such a solution is drained. However, its activity can be restored in a simple way. You can immerse several large steel nails in the spent solution. After some time, excess copper from the solution will settle on the surface of the nails and on the bottom of the vessel. After that, the solution is poured into another vessel, the copper is removed from the pickling bath, the nails are cleaned, and then they are put back into the bath and filled with the same solution. As copper accumulates on nails, it is removed.

Thus, it is possible to significantly extend the "life" of the ferric chloride solution.

Author: V. Kolobov

See other articles Section Ham Radio Technologies.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

print robot 27.11.2015

To XNUMXD print a floating shark-shaped microrobot, researchers at the University of California at La Jolla, led by professors Chen Shaochen and Joseph Vann, used a microelectromechanical device. It consists of two million mirrors, each of which is equipped with its own drive.

On command, the drives give each mirror the desired tilt, and the beam of ultraviolet light falling on them is broken into pieces so that each new beam illuminates the desired point. At this point, the photosensitive liquid solidifies, in this case it was a polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel. At the same time, many tiny figurines are being printed.

But that's not all. The print comes in layers, so by adding new fluids and removing old ones, you can change the composition of the figurine. In particular, platinum nanoparticles were embedded in the tail of a microshark measuring 120x30 µm, and iron oxide in the nose. Platinum decomposes hydrogen peroxide (namely, experimental fish swam in its solution) and ensures their movement; magnetic particles in the nose allow this movement to be controlled.

In addition, polydiacetylene nanogranules were included in the upper layer of the fish - this substance binds to bee venom molecules - and a dye that glows red when interacting with the venom. Having launched the fish into a solution containing peroxide and poison, the researchers were convinced of their success: the fish quickly absorbed the latter and lit up.

Now, with the help of other nanoparticles in the tail, it is necessary to teach the fish to use the energy from the components of biological fluids, and then they will serve as sensors for dangerous substances or drug delivery vehicles.

Other interesting news:

▪ Metal cracks can heal

▪ Toshiba Wireless Hard Drive Solution

▪ Next generation Mirasol displays from Qualcomm

▪ Garbage chute for fire rescue

▪ The most necessary sciences

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ website section LEDs. Article selection

▪ Plow article. History of invention and production

▪ article Who are the Vikings? Detailed answer

▪ article Labor Economist. Job description

▪ article How to connect a three-phase motor to a single-phase network. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Miniature FM radio station in the range of 2 meters. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

Comments on the article:

Jury
I personally checked it several times: ferric chloride becomes completely unusable after such a restoration. [:(]

Mitiai
Often attempts are made to "regenerate" the FeCl3 solution by throwing iron scrap, shavings, etc. into it, supposedly to displace the dissolved copper. After etching, FeCl3, FeCl2, and CuCl2 remain in the solution. Although FeCl2 is not very stable in air, some equilibrium is nevertheless established with CuCl2 (but after a while it will still be oxidized by atmospheric oxygen). By adding iron, we displace copper from the solution, in which only iron chlorides II and III remain. In turn, FeCl2 is very quickly oxidized by atmospheric oxygen, but not to FeCl3, but to basic iron salts that precipitate. And then the scrap iron begins to interact with iron chloride III, also rendering it unusable. FeCl3 + Fe ==> FeCl2 FeCl2 + H2O + O2 ==> Fe(Cl)x(OH)y It can be regenerated by electrolysis, at low current, then copper will be released on the graphite cathode, and chlorine will have time to dissolve. But this process is very slow. An attempt to intensify it by raising the current will lead to the release of unreacted chlorine gas. Chlorine is poisonous. So making a new solution will be easier.

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews