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Bird cherry Maaka. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Bird cherry Maak, Prunus maackii. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Prunus

Family: Pink (Rosaceae)

Origin: Northeast Asia

Area: Southern Siberia, Far East, Korea, China, Japan

Chemical composition: Phenolic compounds such as ellagic tannins and flavonoids are present in the bark and leaves of the plant. The fruits contain vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, organic acids and sugars.

Economic value: Bird cherry Maaka is grown in landscape design as an ornamental plant, as well as for landscaping parks and squares. The fruits can be eaten fresh or dried, and can also be used to make compotes and jams. In traditional medicine, the plant is prescribed to treat coughs, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In the culture of some nations, it is associated with youth and beauty. In Japan, for example, cherry blossom symbolizes the beginning of spring and the beauty of life, and is also a symbol of youth and love. In China, bird cherry is also considered a symbol of youth and female beauty, and its flowers are often used in Chinese medicine to treat skin diseases and strengthen the immune system. In general, bird cherry is associated with beauty, elegance and sophistication.

Bird cherry Maack, Prunus maackii. Description, illustrations of the plant

Bird cherry Maak, Prunus maackii. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

The bird cherry got its name due to the color of its trunk, which in Old Russian was called cherma, which means swarthy. This bird cherry received its specific name in honor of the Russian naturalist Richard Karlovich Maak. The species was first described in 1857 by the Russian-Austrian botanist Franz Ivanovich Ruprecht.

Deciduous tree 4-10 (up to 15) m tall with a trunk covered with reddish-orange or golden-yellow shiny smooth bark, peeling off across the trunk with papery thin films, like birch trunks.

Shoots erect, sometimes pubescent. Leaves up to 12 cm long, simple with a drawn sharp apex and serrated edges, pubescent, oval or elliptical and ovoid in shape, punctate glands, alternate leaf arrangement. The color of the leaves during the season changes from light green at the beginning, to dark green and, finally, intense yellow with red, before falling off.

Inflorescence racemose. The flowers are white, small, 0,5-1 cm in size, with five petals, do not smell.

The fruit is a round drupe with a diameter of 0,5-0,8 cm, unripe fruits are red, mature fruits are purple, purple and black. The berries taste bitter, almost inedible.

The range of bird cherry Maaka is the Far East (in Russia - Primorsky Krai, Amur Region), China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning provinces) and the Korean Peninsula.

It grows along roadsides, in parks, gardens, along river banks, in forest clearings and edges, in dark coniferous and broad-leaved forests.

Tannins were found in fruits, bark and leaves (they are 2-3% in the bark, up to 15% in the pulp). Free hydrocyanic acid was also found - in the bark 0,09%, in the leaves - 0,05%. The fruits also contain organic acids (malic and citric), vitamins - ascorbic acid, rutin, anthocyanins, flavonoids (up to 20%), up to 5% sugars, essential oil. Fatty oil and glycosides - amygdalin, prulaurazine, prunazine - were found in the kernels of the bones.

The leaves accumulate up to 0,28% ascorbic acid, essential oil. Fruits, flowers, bark, buds and especially leaves contain benzoic aldehyde, which determines their phytoncidal properties.

Amygdalin during enzymatic cleavage gives benzoic aldehyde, hydrocyanic acid and glucose. The bark and leaves contain free hydrocyanic acid. The highest content of amygdalin was found in the bark (2%) and seeds (1,5%).

The berries are inedible due to their bitterness.

The fruits of bird cherry Maaka are practically inedible because of their bitterness, but like the berries of other types of bird cherry, they have a fixing, astringent, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory effect. The bark has a diaphoretic, antipyretic, diuretic effect. Leaves have fixing, vitamin properties. Flowers are used as an anti-inflammatory, wound healing, phytoncidal agent.

The fruits are harvested as they ripen from July to September, the flowers - in May, the bark - in early spring. Brushes with fruits are cut in dry, clear weather, scattered in a thin layer, dried in air or in ovens, dryers, ovens at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. Then separated from the stems, stalks, burnt fruits, impurities. Dried berries are black or dull, round-elongated, wrinkled, odorless, sour-sweet taste. The bark is dried in the open air, in ovens, dryers, ovens at a temperature of 40°C.

The flowers are air dried in the shade. Store in boxes or bags, in a dry, ventilated area. The shelf life of fruits is 3-5 years, flowers - 1 year, bark - 5 years.

Fresh bird cherry fruits should not be eaten with seeds, and also make jam with seeds, because they contain the poisonous substance amygdalin, which accumulates in the body and can lead to severe poisoning.

Cultivated, grown as an ornamental, medicinal and technical plant.

The wood is pinkish brown, soft, very light, suitable for plywood and fine crafts.

Valuable early summer honey plant and pollen plant. During the flowering period, the control hive showed an increase of 2 to 5 kg of sugar per day. The productivity of nectar with 100 flowers is 43,6-55,8 mg of sugar, the productivity of honey is 80-100 kg/ha. The mass of anthers of one flower is 0,7-2,5 mg, and the pollen production of one flower is 0,6-0,8 mg. Pollen white, fine

Unlike other bird cherry trees, Maaka bird cherry is more photophilous and grows well only with sufficient space and full lighting, no closer than 5 m from other trees. It is drought-resistant, grows well in cities, is not susceptible to diseases and pests, and is frost-resistant. Moist, fertile loams are most preferred for planting. Under these conditions, the trees will grow for a very long time, without losing their decorative qualities at all.

Bird cherry Maaka is considered to be one of the most beautiful bird cherry. Its beauty is not only in the general graphics of the branches, in abundant flowering, which is replaced by elegant fruiting, but in the unusual color of the bright bark and the autumn attire of fading leaves. By the way, the leaf fall of this bird cherry proceeds quite early, and occurs quickly, before all bird cherry trees, usually at the end of September. But even without leaves, you will not pass by a tree without noting its exotic appearance.

Bird cherry Maaka is propagated mainly by seeds, although it can also be propagated by shoots. Seedlings in the first year reach a height of 0,3-0,5 m, further their growth accelerates, and by 5-6 years, having reached a height of 3-3,5 m, they bloom for the first time, and trees older than 15-20 have the greatest decorative effect. years.

This type of bird cherry surpasses even many indigenous trees and shrubs in winter hardiness, it can be grown almost anywhere where deciduous trees grow. It tolerates transplant well.

In decorative design, bird cherry looks good in a single planting, as an edge for groups of large trees, as well as next to spruces, firs and other conifers.

Bird cherry Maak, Prunus maackii. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Treatment of respiratory diseases: for the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as coughs and colds, you can use an infusion of leaves and flowers of bird cherry Maaka. To prepare the infusion, pour 1 tablespoon of dried leaves and flowers of bird cherry Maaka with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Then strain the infusion and drink 1 glass several times a day. This infusion helps to soothe coughs, reduce inflammation and speed up recovery.
• Treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, you can use a decoction of the bark of bird cherry Maak. To prepare a decoction, pour 1 tablespoon of crushed bird cherry bark Maak with 1 glass of water and simmer for 10-15 minutes. Then strain the broth and drink 1 glass before meals 2-3 times a day. This decoction helps improve digestion, reduce inflammation and pain in the stomach.
• Treatment of skin diseases: for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis, you can use an infusion of leaves and flowers of bird cherry Maaka. To prepare the infusion, pour 1 tablespoon of dried leaves and flowers of bird cherry Maaka with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Then strain the infusion and use it to wipe the affected skin. This infusion helps reduce inflammation, itching and redness of the skin.

Cosmetology:

• Mask for the face: To moisturize and nourish the skin, you can use a mask based on bird cherry Maaka. For its preparation, it is necessary to crush the berries of the bird cherry Maak and mix them with honey. Apply the resulting mixture on your face and leave for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask helps to moisturize and nourish the skin, making it softer and more elastic.
• Facial scrub: to remove dead skin cells, you can use a scrub based on bird cherry Maak. For its preparation, it is necessary to crush the berries of bird cherry Maak and mix them with small particles of oatmeal and honey. Apply the resulting mixture on the face and massage the skin in circular motions, then rinse with warm water. This scrub helps to exfoliate dead skin cells, improve blood circulation and make the skin smoother and more radiant.
• Face tonic: to strengthen and refresh the skin, you can use a tonic based on bird cherry Maaka. To prepare it, it is necessary to pour 1 tablespoon of dry leaves of bird cherry Maaka with 1 glass of boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Then strain the decoction and use it as a facial tonic, applying to the skin with a cotton pad. This tonic helps firm the skin, reduce inflammation and irritation.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Bird cherry Maack, Prunus maackii. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

The maack bird cherry (Prunus maackii) is a tree that can be grown in a variety of conditions.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing bird cherry Maaka:

Cultivation:

• Bird cherry Maaka prefers sunny areas with fertile and well-drained soil.
• Plants can be planted in spring or autumn.
• Planting depth should be the same as in the pot in which the plant was purchased.
• It is recommended to plant plants at a distance of about 5-6 m from each other.
• Maaka bird cherry needs regular watering and fertilizing to stimulate growth and fruiting.
• It is recommended to trim the crown to form the correct shape of the tree and remove damaged branches.
• Bird cherry maaka can be sensitive to winter frost, so it is recommended to cover the plants in winter.

Workpiece:

• Maak bird cherry fruits can be used to make jam, juice or wine.
• The fruits should be harvested when ripe, when they reach their maximum ripeness, washed, pitted and used in cooking.

Storage:

• Fresh bird cherry maaka is best stored in the refrigerator in a bag or container to preserve freshness and flavor.
• The fruits can be frozen or used to make canned foods.

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