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Podophyllum thyroid. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Thyroid podophyllum, Podophyllum peltatum. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Podophyllum (Podophyllum)

Family: Birch (Berberidaceae)

Origin: North America

Area: The thyroid podophyll is widely distributed in the wooded areas of North America, from Canada to South Carolina.

Chemical composition: The rhizomes and fruits contain the alkaloids podophyllin and berberine. They also contain citric acid and malic acid.

Economic value: Podophyllum thyroid is used in medicine as a laxative, antisyphilitic and anticancer agent. The plant is also used as an ingredient in cosmetics and soap products.

Legends, myths, symbolism: Thyroid podophyll, also known as American mandrake, is a plant in the birch family. In legends and myths, the American mandrake is considered a magical plant and is associated with the spiritual world. In ancient Greek mythology, the mandrake was associated with the goddess of marriage and love, Aphrodite, as well as with the god of sleep and dreams, Hypnos. Mandrake roots are said to look like small human figures and have been used in witchcraft and magic to induce dreams and visions. It is also said that the screams made by the mandrake root when pulled from the ground can kill a person. This myth has been transferred to the American mandrake, which is also associated with witchcraft and magic.

Thyroid podophyllum, Podophyllum peltatum. Description, illustrations of the plant

Thyroid podophyllum, Podophyllum peltatum. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

The literal translation of the Latin generic name Podophyllum is nogolist (pod - foot, phyllum - leaf).

Perennial herbaceous plant 30-50 cm tall.

It has a horizontal knotty rhizome up to 1 m long, reaching a diameter of 1,5 cm, reddish-brown outside and white inside. Numerous adventitious roots extend from the rhizome up to 35 cm long and up to 5 mm thick. Plants form a colony united by a common rhizome.

The erect, pinkish stems of the podophyllum reach 30-50 cm in height and 1,5 cm in diameter. Its stem is hollow inside, at its base there are 1-3 membranous vaginal leaves. On the upper part of the stem, two leaves with long petioles are opposite. The leaf blade has a rounded shape and reaches 40 cm in diameter, in its structure it is palmately dissected into 7-9 bilobed segments, serrated at the tops. In dry weather, the leaves of the podophyllum may dry out.

From the fork between the bases of the leaf petioles, a single flower (sometimes several flowers) emerges on a long pedicel. At first, it occupies an apical position, while two sheets support it, as it were, like two feet (podophyllum in literal translation from Latin means a nail leaf). However, gradually the pedicel bends and the flower leans down, and the leaves grow and become apical. Some stems end in leaves, without the formation of flowers.

The flowers are large, reach 7 cm in diameter, fragrant, white, yellow or red. Their scent is reminiscent of melon. The perianth is double, formed by 3-6 sepals and 6-9 white petals. Stamens numerous. All parts of the plant, except the fruit, are poisonous.

Flowering occurs in the second half of May and lasts about three weeks. Butterflies and bumblebees are likely pollinators. It has been observed that in nature the podophyll prefers to grow in the vicinity of certain types of plants, which are characterized by abundant nectar production. The fact is that podophyllum flowers do not form nectar on their own, using their neighbors as a magnet for insects.

The podophyllum fruit is a large, ovoid, yellow-green berry, 2 to 8 cm long, with fragrant, sour-sweet, fleshy flesh and numerous wrinkled, light brown seeds. The fruits ripen in August-September. The fruits of podophyllum thyroid are edible in moderation (while the plant itself is generally poisonous). Seed dispersal occurs with the help of mammals, birds and turtles that eat the fruits of the plant (endozoochory).

Podophyll originates from the damp, shady forests of eastern North America. It is currently distributed in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. Most likely, in ancient times podophyllum was cultivated by North American Indians, because the area of ​​its distribution largely coincides with the historical borders of Indian settlements.

On the territory of East Asia, plant species grow that are extremely close to thyroid podophyllum, up to disputes regarding their taxonomic position. This speaks in favor of the theory that 20 million years ago, the process of the formation of flora on Earth was belt-shaped.

The thyroid podophyllum is shade-loving, it prefers forests, but can be found in ditches, marshy meadows, fields and pastures. Podophyll grows very actively on loose, rich, fairly moist soil, in open places. In barren soils, the podophyll forms mycorrhiza, that is, a symbiotic association of the roots and mycelium of the fungus.

In the territories of natural growth of thyroid podophyllum (USA and Canada), its biological safety is controlled by the state, and unauthorized collection is punishable by fines.

The plant contains a resin (podophyllin) in which glycosides are dissolved; their aglycones are lignans. The main a-peltatin, b-peltatin, podophyllotoxin. Podophyllotoxin in its chemical structure is an aliphatic alkaloid. It is found in immature fruits, leaves and stems of the plant, but especially in the rhizome and roots (from 3,5% to 6%).

In addition to podophyllotoxin, the composition of the plant includes picropodophyllin, deoxypodophyllotoxin, dehydropodophyllotoxin. In addition, the podophyll contains a fairly wide range of macro- (K, Ca, Mg, Fe) and microelements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, Mo, etc.). The plant concentrates Cu, Mo and Se. In general, all organs of the plant, except for the fruit, are poisonous.

Mature fruits of podophyllum thyroid are edible in moderation and can be used to make jam, jelly and marmalade. The aroma of podophyllum fruits resembles the smell of lemon. In some regions, drinks obtained by mixing podophyllum fruits with lemonade, as well as Madeira, are very popular.

Thyroid podophyllum, Podophyllum peltatum. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Treatment of diseases of the biliary tract: podophyllum is also used to treat diseases of the biliary tract. Usually podophyllum rhizomes are used, from which an infusion is prepared. Infusion should be taken 1-2 tablespoons three times a day.
• Constipation treatment: for the treatment of constipation, a tincture of podophyllum rhizomes is used. Infusion should be taken 1-2 tablespoons twice a day.

Cosmetology:

• Treatment for warts: podophyllum extract is used to treat warts. Apply the extract to the warts twice a day for several days.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Thyroid podophyllum, Podophyllum peltatum. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Thyroid podophyllum (Podophyllum peltatum) is a perennial plant with large leaves and white flowers that can be grown in the garden or in the country.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing thyroid podophyllum:

Cultivation:

• Thyroid podophyll prefers moist and shady areas with well-drained soil.
• Plants can be planted in spring or autumn.
• Planting depth should be the same as in the pot in which the plant was purchased.
• It is recommended to plant plants at a distance of about 60-90 cm from each other.
• Thyroid podophyll needs regular watering and fertilizing to stimulate growth and abundant flowering.
• It is recommended to remove faded flowers and dry leaves to encourage new growth.
• Podophyll thyroid can be susceptible to attack by pests such as mites, so it's a good idea to check your plants regularly for pests.

Workpiece:

• The roots of podophyllum thyroid can be used to make medicines. They should be collected at the end of autumn, when the plant begins to prepare for the winter period, dried and stored in a tightly closed package.

Storage:

• Dried podophyllum thyroid roots should be stored in a cool and dry place to preserve their freshness and flavor.
• The ideal place to store podophyll thyroid roots is in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place such as a pantry or refrigerator.

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