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Cotoneaster chokeberry. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Black cotoneaster, Cotoneaster melanocarpus. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster)

Family: Pink (Rosaceae)

Origin: Central and Western Asia.

Area: Cotoneaster chokeberry is common in the mountains of Central Asia, also found in Iran and the Caucasus.

Chemical composition: Cotoneaster chokeberry contains vitamins (including ascorbic acid), flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, essential oils, alkaloids and other useful substances.

Economic value: Cotoneaster chokeberry is used in landscape design as an ornamental plant, it can also be used to create a hedge.

Legends and myths: In Chinese mythology, cotoneaster symbolizes longevity and prosperity. Its berries and flowers have been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat heart and liver diseases, as well as boost immunity and improve eyesight. The shrub has also been used to make traditional Chinese theatrical costumes. In Slavic culture, cotoneaster also has a symbolic meaning. It is considered a symbol of family happiness, fidelity and love. Its branches are used to make wedding wreaths and other decorative ornaments. The shrub is also known for its ability to protect the home from evil forces and corruption.

Black cotoneaster, Cotoneaster melanocarpus. Description, illustrations of the plant

Black cotoneaster, Cotoneaster melanocarpus. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

The scientific name of the genus Cotoneaster comes from the Greek cotonea - quince, aster - having the appearance, by the similarity of quince leaves and one of the cotoneaster species. The name of this plant should not be confused with plants of the genus Cornus from the Cornaceae family.

Deciduous shrub with a spreading crown, and branches rough from cork growths. In good light and moisture, it reaches 4 m in height and blooms profusely, forming multi-flowered inflorescences. And, on the contrary, on the northern limit of distribution or on dry open slopes, it does not reach even 1 m in height, or even has the form of a shrub with a small number of flowers.

Young shoots are brownish or reddish, fluffy. The leaves are entire-marginal, ovate or elliptical, up to 4,5 cm long. The tops are obtuse or notched, rarely pointed, the base is rounded. The petiole is short and pubescent. Leaf blades are dark green above, glabrous or sparsely hairy, whitish-felt below. The flowers are pink, collected in loose pubescent racemose inflorescences of (3) 5-15 flowers, in drooping racemes or corymbose panicles. Hypanthium glabrous or slightly pubescent. It blooms depending on the region in April-June for about 25 days.

The fruit is a false drupe 7-9 mm in size, spherical, reddish-black with a bluish bloom, has 2-3 seeds. Unripe fruits are green, later brownish-red, ripened - black. The taste is tasteless or sweet and sour with mealy pulp. Ripen in September-October. The fruits of this type of cotoneaster are edible after frost. However, their palatability is very low, so they are practically not eaten.

Cotoneaster chokeberry is common in the European Arctic, in the European part of Russia, in Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Far East, in Ukraine, in the Caucasus, in Central Asia, in Western Europe, in Turkey, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Northern Mongolia, Japan, China.

It grows on limestone and chalk mountains in the black earth and steppe areas of the middle zone. It prefers the canopy of various, but sparse forests, thickets of shrubs, meadow steppes, stony and gravel slopes and rocks, rising to a height of 2800 m above sea level.

The plant is rich in anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, vitamins of group C. Cotoneaster leaves contain phenol carboxylic acids, they also contain glycosides, vitamin C, hydrocyanic acid is found in seeds, coumarins and ascorbic acid are in fruits.

Fresh cotoneaster fruits are not very tasty, it is best to freeze them and add them to tea. Most often, cotoneaster fruits are used in the preparation of tea drinks, compotes, wines and tinctures. The dietary properties of the fetus can be used in the preparation of products - marshmallows, sweets and gingerbread for patients. They can also be used to color tinctures, wine and other drinks.

Cotoneaster fruit powder is also used in cooking, for this, the fruits are dried and ground, and then added to sweets, marshmallows, gingerbread, often mixed with starch.

Cotoneaster is rarely eaten, but its medicinal properties are used in a home pharmacy to treat a number of diseases, such as acute and chronic gastritis, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, neurasthenia, fever, jaundice, edema, nervous disorders, and stress. For liver diseases, taking decoctions and infusions of cotoneaster is recommended. In the treatment of epilepsy, cotoneaster fruits are given to children and adults. Among skin diseases, this plant is used in the treatment of eczema and scabies. In Tibetan medicine, the properties of the chokeberry species of the plant are widely used to stop bloody diarrhea. In addition, cotoneaster fruits are used as an antiseptic.

In home therapy, the branches and flowers of the plant are used, which are harvested during the flowering period, as well as fruits, bark and buds. Harvest only fruits ripened at the end of summer, shoots and flowers - during the flowering period in spring. The resin of the plant is used in the treatment of scabies and eczema.

No contraindications to the use of edible cotoneaster formulations have been identified, it is only necessary to pay attention to the possibility of individual intolerance. The culture has not been fully studied, some types of cotoneaster have poisonous properties.

It tolerates shading and dry conditions well, is not very sensitive to industrial gases and smoke, therefore it is often grown as an ornamental. In Europe, this plant is also used as an ornamental.

The wood is used for canes, sticks, pipes and other small crafts due to its durability.

In folk medicine, the bark, buds, leaves and flowers of cotoneaster are used - they have antibacterial properties. An infusion or decoction of cotoneaster fruits is used for disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, for acute and chronic gastritis, gastroenteritis, and diarrhea.

Raw fruits are eaten, as it is believed that they improve metabolism; fruits have a calming effect on the nervous system, so their use is recommended for hysteria, neurasthenia, they are also prescribed for children with epilepsy and other nervous disorders.

With the help of resin branches in Yakutia, eczema and scabies are treated. It is also an excellent remedy for diarrhea and flatulence. In Tibet, it is used for sepsis and dysentery.

Cotoneaster shoots are especially valued along with fruits and leaves. When harvesting leaves, they are cut into small pieces, dried in a room that is well ventilated or in fresh air, but not in the sun. Be sure to turn them over so that they do not get damp. Fruits from chokeberry should be harvested in August. To do this, it is very important to sort them, sort them out and put them to dry. After the berries have dried, they should be placed in special paper bags and stored in a ventilated place for up to two years.

The plant is unpretentious, loves the sun or partial shade, soil of any type, from slightly acidic to alkaline; planting distance 0,5-2,5 m. Can be propagated by seeds. Plants that are too tall are recommended to be pruned. Lateral branches are regularly shortened.

It tolerates drought well, but feels better and bears fruit abundantly only on constantly moist soil. Cotoneaster chokeberry is very winter-hardy.

Black cotoneaster, Cotoneaster melanocarpus. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Infusion of berries: to prepare an infusion of chokeberry berries, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried berries, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20 minutes. After that, the infusion can be filtered and taken 1 glass 2 times a day to strengthen immunity and improve the general condition.
• Treatment of diabetes: for the treatment of diabetes, you can use an infusion of chokeberry bark. To prepare the infusion, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped bark, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20 minutes. After that, the infusion can be filtered and taken 1 glass 2 times a day before meals.
• Cough treatment: for the treatment of cough, you can use an infusion of chokeberry bark. To prepare the infusion, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped bark, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20 minutes. After that, the infusion can be filtered and taken 1 glass 2-3 times a day.
• Headache treatment: for the treatment of headaches, you can use an infusion of chokeberry bark. To prepare the infusion, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped bark, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 20 minutes. After that, the infusion can be filtered and taken 1 glass 2-3 times a day.

Cosmetology:

• Mask for the face: to prepare a face mask from chokeberry, you need to take 1 tablespoon of crushed berries, add 1 tablespoon of oatmeal and enough milk to make a thick paste. The mask should be applied to the face for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water. The mask helps to cleanse the skin, moisturize it and improve the complexion.
• Face tonic: to prepare a facial tonic from chokeberry, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped berries, pour 500 ml of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. After that, the infusion should be filtered and used for daily morning and evening skin care. Tonic helps to refresh the skin, improve its tone and reduce the visibility of pores.
• Hair Mask: to prepare a hair mask from chokeberry, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped berries, add 1 tablespoon of olive oil and a little honey. The mask should be applied to wet hair for 30 minutes, then rinse with warm water. The mask helps to moisturize and nourish the hair, give it shine and reduce brittleness.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Black cotoneaster, Cotoneaster melanocarpus. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Black cotoneaster (Cotoneaster melanocarpus) is an ornamental shrub that can also be used as a hedge or landscape design element.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing cotoneaster chokeberry:

Cultivation:

• Cotoneaster chokeberry prefers a sunny or semi-shaded location.
• Plants prefer fertile, well-drained soils with a neutral to slightly acidic pH.
• Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings.
• Cotoneaster aronia can be hardy in USDA zone 3-7.
• The distance between plants should be about 60-90 cm.
• Planting depth of seedlings should be such that the roots are at ground level.
• Planting cotoneaster chokeberry is best done in spring or autumn.
• Plants need regular watering during periods of drought and top dressing with fertilizers in spring and summer.
• Plants need pruning to keep their shape and promote growth.
• Cotoneaster chokeberry should be protected from strong winds and severe frost.

Workpiece:

• Black cotoneaster berries are not recommended to be eaten, as they can be poisonous.
• However, cotoneaster berries can be used for decorative purposes or for the production of dyes.

Storage:

• Black cotoneaster berries are not recommended to be eaten, so their storage is not required.

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