Experiments with parallel beams. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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Experiments with parallel beams. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Put at a distance of two meters from the table lamp - at the same level with it - a sheet of thick white paper. On one edge of the paper, strengthen the comb with large teeth. Make sure that the light from the lamp passes onto the paper through the teeth of the comb. Near the comb itself, you get a strip of shadow from its "back". On paper, parallel stripes of light should go from this shadow strip, passing between the teeth of the comb.

Take a small rectangular mirror and place it across the light stripes. Stripes of reflected rays will appear on the paper. Rotate the mirror so that the rays fall on it at a certain angle. The reflected rays will also rotate. If you mentally draw a perpendicular to the mirror at the point where a ray falls, then the angle between this perpendicular and the incident ray will be equal to the angle of the reflected ray. No matter how you change the angle of incidence of the rays on the reflecting surface, no matter how you turn the mirror, the reflected rays will always come out at the same angle.

If a small mirror is not available, a shiny steel ruler or safety razor blade can be used instead. The result will be somewhat worse than with a mirror, but still the experiment can be carried out. With a razor or a ruler, it is also possible to do such experiments. Bend a ruler or razor and place it in the path of parallel rays. If the rays fall on a concave surface, then they, reflected, will gather at one point.

Experiments with parallel beams

Once on a convex surface, the rays are reflected from it like a fan. To observe these phenomena, the shadow that came from the "back" of the comb is very useful.

Author: Rabiza F.V.

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The work of French scientists shows that to perform a variety of tasks and organize such complex systems as an anthill, the simplest software and hardware is enough. Scientists at the French research center CNRS have created a computer algorithm that allows robots to mimic the behavior of an ant colony. The work of French scientists shows that the simplest software and hardware is enough to perform a variety of tasks and organize such complex systems as an anthill.

The interaction between individual individuals and individual objects plays a crucial role in the formation of self-organizing collective behavior. Recent studies have shown that ants move through intricate paths and corridors inside and outside the anthill, guided by four different types of information.

Some species of ants are able to see and navigate by the Sun or landmarks along their path. Other ants even use a kind of inertial navigation system: they summarize motion vectors by measuring the number of steps and turns of the body. Ants can also use social information, for example, by the presence of foragers loaded with food, determine the direction to food or find a path following certain traces (pieces of leaves, seeds, etc.).

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