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Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, virgin grapes). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, Virginian grapes), Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Parthenocissus

Family: Grapes (Vitaceae)

Origin: The girlish five-leafed grape (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) comes from North America.

Area: The plant is native to North America, from Canada to Mexico.

Chemical composition: The leaves of the girlish five-leafed grape contain a number of useful substances, such as flavonoids, alpha- and beta-carotene, vitamin C, organic acids (tartaric, malic), tannins and others.

Economic value: The girlish five-leaf grape is popular for decorating the walls of buildings and fences, as its foliage forms a beautiful green mass that changes color in autumn to bright red or purple. Also, girlish five-leaf grapes are used to create hedges. Some varieties of this plant have fruits that can be used to make wine or jams.

Legends and myths: One of the legends connects the girlish five-leafed grape with a maiden who ran away from persecution and turned into this vine to avoid punishment. In another legend, an Indian tribe uses this vine to create ladders to escape their village during raids by other tribes. In general, parthenocissus five-leaf can symbolize endurance, strength, survival and strengthening.

Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, Virginian grapes), Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Description, illustrations of the plant

Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, Virginian grapes), Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

The Latin name of the genus Parthenocissus comes from the Greek words partenos - virgin and kisses - ivy - in resemblance to the growth form of ivy. It is called girlish because it is able to bear fruit without pollination, i.e. a more accurate translation is virgin.

A fast-growing woody deciduous liana, reaching a length of 20-30 m. It grows, rising along smooth surfaces with the help of branched antennae, ending in a sticky pad 5 mm in size. The leaves are palmately compound of five, less often three (more often in young plants) leaflets. Leaflets petiolate, ovate, attached to one central petiole. The tip of the leaf is pointed, the edges are serrated. The leaves are green above, bluish-green below, bright red in autumn.

Small greenish flowers are collected in 3-5-flowered inflorescences, bloom in late spring.

Dark red, almost black berries with a diameter of 5-7 mm, collected in clusters, ripen in late summer or early autumn. Berries contain oxalic acid, are inedible for humans, but are food for birds in winter.

Natural range - east and center of North America, southeast Canada, eastern and central states of the USA, east Mexico, Guatemala; west to Manitoba, South Dakota, Utah and Texas. It is widely cultivated throughout the world, runs wild, is found on the outskirts of settlements and even in forests.

Parthenocissus branches contain the phenol resveratrol. Branches, petioles (leaves) - glucose, fructose, sucrose, tartaric, citric, malic acids. Tartaric, shikimic acids, steroids, phenolcarboxylic acids (coffee, gallic, ellagic), quercetin, kaempferol, chrysanthemin, lycocyanidin were found in the leaves of girlish grapes.

In the fruits of girlish grapes, beta-sitosterol, nitrogen-containing compounds were found; anthocyanins (triglucoside, trirutinoside and trirutinoside-5-glucoside cyanidin, triglucoside peonidin, triglucoside delphinidin, triglucoside petunidine, trirutinoside and trirutino-5-glucoside malvidin). In the seeds of virgin grapes, steroids were found (in the hydrolyzate - beta-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol), heptacosan, higher aliphatic alcohols (tetracosanol, tricosanol), fatty oil 28%, in its composition linoleic, linolenic, oleic, palmitic, stearic acids.

Branches and petioles of leaves contain glucose, fructose, sucrose, tartaric, citric, malic acids.

Parthenocissus is not poisonous, but is not used as a food plant.

Parthenocissus is used in ornamental gardening, in particular - for draping any vertical surfaces. The foliage is arranged in a peculiar way and creates the effect of a tile, the coating is thick and almost ornamental. In autumn, the plant turns orange. The tendrils of the culture independently and very firmly cling to any vertical support, no additional garter is required - natural fasteners will withstand any weight of the crown.

Another useful property of grapes is that it is not afraid of smoke, pollution, any difficult urban conditions, while maintaining a glossy surface. A continuous, even coating will hide unsightly walls and entire buildings from prying eyes. With the help of such landings on the site, you can build a green tunnel, turn pergolas into luxurious garden design objects, decorate pavilions, gazebos and old trees.

Parthenocissus is also good as a ground cover plant, it will create a lush, dense carpet in an area where grassy clearings and cereal lawns cannot be broken. Grapes are not afraid of open dry places, rocky slopes, grows on the poorest soils, tolerates shade well.

As a groundcover, it can be grown from cuttings, seedlings one meter apart will create a thick carpet. To get such beauty faster, they can be planted closer to each other. Weeds do not develop under the carpet, but it will not interfere with the development of trees and large shrubs, this property makes parthenocissus one of the most promising crops for landscaping areas with difficult conditions, large areas.

Grapes provide good thermal insulation, the plant protects buildings, gazebos, garden pavilions from rain and wind, which destroys the environment. Indoors, covered with this crop outside, it is cool even in the midst of the summer heat.

This culture is one of the fastest growing, largest and hardiest. A perennial, spectacularly reddening by autumn, liana, well known to almost every gardener, the plant is also used in urban gardening to decorate the walls of buildings. However, some owners of suburban areas consider it too aggressive, difficult to control. If you give him full rein and do not take care of at least elementary growth control, he will suppress other garden crops, crawl to neighboring areas, damage roofing and wall materials, and create damp corners where they are completely undesirable.

Control cropping will solve all of these problems. Liana whips are easy to shorten where their presence is undesirable. This will not harm the plant itself in any way; the more the crop is cut off, the thicker its foliage becomes. You can slow down the growth of a plant by depriving it of regular watering and top dressing, the plant will still look good, but will stop actively increasing its green volume and height.

The plant is unpretentious and hardy, adapts to any conditions. It can be planted in garden areas suitable for light-loving crops, and in the dense shade of trees or on the north side of the building. The culture is shade-tolerant, but not shade-loving, the greatest growth efficiency is achieved where there is partial shade from deep to scattered. The plant tolerates transplanting well at any age.

Liana can be planted both in spring and in mid-autumn. Seedlings are located a meter from a support or buildings and at the same distance from other large plants. The soil at the site of the future planting must be dug up. Planting pits should be large enough, as for woody plants, the ideal size of the landing hole is 60 by 60 cm. A powerful drainage layer of broken brick, sand and crushed stone is laid at the bottom, the layer thickness is 20 cm. The soil removed from the pit must be improved by additives. Optimal proportions of earth, peat and compost, half the proportion of sand.

Seedlings are installed in the hole in such a way that the root neck is located at the level of the soil, it cannot be raised or deepened. After planting, young plants are watered abundantly. In the first year after planting, girlish grapes are mulched and fed.

In order for the active growth of grapes to bring only benefits, the soil under it is fertilized no more than twice a year. In the spring months or in June, up to 50 g of any complete mineral fertilizer is applied, after a month or two, the procedure is repeated or organic matter is used.

Watering for the crop may not be necessary, with the exception of a long drought. In case of adverse weather, the plant is watered three to four times a season in the morning or evening. Watering rate - two buckets for each plant. Once a year, the soil is loosened, weeds are removed, and the soil is mulched.

The rhizome of girlish grapes is prone to denudation. If this happens, it is necessary to add fresh soil, and lightly spud the vine. The procedure is carried out in the fall, during the preparation of the garden plot for the winter cold.

During the season, sanitary pruning is carried out, damaged and dry shoots are removed, and those that need to be controlled from excessive growth.

A similar species is the girlish grape triostreny, or ivy-shaped (Parthenocissus tricuspidata). Naturally lives in the Far East, where it grows on sheer cliffs and cliffs of the sea coast. It is also a woody liana 15-20 meters long. Leaves 10-20 cm with large coarse teeth, dark green, shiny above. In autumn, the foliage of this grape acquires a red, flaming color, there is a variety with maroon leaves. Breeders bred a golden form, distinguished by yellow blotches on a green background. Smoke and gas resistant. Introduced in many countries of the world.

The most popular variety (subspecies) of tri-pointed girlish grapes is Vicha tri-pointed grapes (Parthenocissus tricuspidata f. veitchii). Its foliage is small and smooth, two- or three-lobed, dark green in summer, bright orange in autumn.

The roots of this creeper are shallow, the young culture can be grown in containers or pots at first. It grows well near roads, is not afraid of exhaust gases, shelter is required for the winter.

Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, Virginian grapes), Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• For the treatment of skin diseases: prepare a decoction of the leaves of the maidenhair five-leafed and apply on affected areas of the skin, such as eczema or dermatitis. This will help reduce inflammation and itching, speed up healing, and prevent infection.
• For the treatment of respiratory diseases: prepare a decoction of the leaves of the maiden five-leafed grape and drink it in the form of tea. This will help relieve coughing, improve expectoration, and reduce airway inflammation.
• For the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: drink an infusion of the leaves of the girl's five-leafed grape before eating. This will help improve digestion and reduce inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines.
• For headache treatment: prepare a decoction of the leaves of the maiden five-leafed grape and apply on the temples and the back of the head with massage movements. This will help relieve headaches and reduce muscle tension.
• For the treatment of hemorrhoids: prepare a decoction of the leaves of the girl's grape five-leaf and use it for sitz baths. This will help reduce inflammation and itching, speed up healing, and reduce the risk of infection.

Cosmetology:

• Mask for the face: crush the leaves of the girlish five-leafed grape and mix with clay and water until a thick paste is obtained. Apply to face for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask will help moisturize the skin, reduce signs of fatigue and make the skin more radiant.
• Hair care product: prepare an infusion of the leaves of the girl's five-leafed grapes in boiling water for 30-40 minutes. Cool the infusion and use it to rinse your hair after shampooing. This remedy will help strengthen the hair, moisturize it and prevent hair loss.
• Body Scrub: mix finely crushed leaves of the girlish five-leafed grapes with sea salt and olive oil. Massage into the skin of the body and rinse thoroughly with water. This scrub will help exfoliate dead skin cells, improve skin texture and give a healthy glow.
• Hand cream: Mix coconut oil and maidenhair five-leaf oil extracted from grape leaves. Apply to hands and massage until completely absorbed. This cream will help moisturize and soften the skin of the hands.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Grape maiden five-leafed (Parthenocissus five-leaved, Virginian grapes), Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Detailed advice on growing, choosing soil and lighting, planting, caring for the plant; preparation tips; storage tips

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) is a fast-growing liana-like plant native to North America. The cultivar is known for its beautiful red fall leaves and can be an eye-catching addition to your garden.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing girlish five-leaf grapes:

Cultivation:

• The girlish five-leaf grape prefers a sunny or semi-shaded place.
• The plant can grow in a variety of soil types, but prefers soil with good drainage capacity.
• Before planting, prepare the soil by applying organic fertilizer.
• The plant can grow quickly, so it is best to grow it on a support or wall to prevent overgrowing.
• Parthenocissus quinquefolia overwinters reliably in USDA zone 4-9.
• Water the plant regularly during growth and flowering.
• Trim the plant to maintain its shape and size.
• Parthenocissus quinquefolia can be vulnerable to insects and disease, so the plant should be inspected regularly and protective measures taken if necessary.

Workpiece:

• The leaves of the maiden five-leafed grape can be used for decorative purposes, such as for decorating bouquets or garlands.
• The leaves can also be used to make tea or as a decorative condiment for dishes.

Storage:

• The leaves of the girlish five-leafed grape can be stored in a dry place at room temperature.
• Fresh leaves are best, so store them in the refrigerator and use them within a few days.

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