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CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Yarrow. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: Achillea Family: Asteraceae (Asteraceae) Origin: Eurasia, North America, South America Area: Yarrow is widely distributed in the temperate climate of Eurasia and North America, it is also found in South America and on some Pacific islands. Chemical composition: Yarrow contains essential oils (mainly acyclic alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol acetate, cineole, camphor, azulene series lactone), bitterness, flavonoids, coumarins, carotenoids, organic acids. Economic value: Yarrow is used in medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, hemostatic, antispasmodic, choleretic and anti-allergic agent. It is also used in cosmetics and perfumery. In cooking, common yarrow is used as a seasoning for various dishes. Legends, myths, symbolism: In the mythology of the ancient Greeks, yarrow was associated with the legend of the hero Achilles, who, according to legend, used it to stop bleeding in battle. The name of the plant comes from the name of the hero. In medieval Europe, yarrow was a symbol of courage and strength, and was also used as an amulet against evil spirits and diseases. In folk medicine, it was considered a "cure for all diseases", and they said that "a thousand leaves will help a thousand troubles." The symbolism of the yarrow is also its name - the plant has many small leaves, similar to hairs, which symbolizes infinity and infinity. It is also associated with courage, protection and healing.
Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Description, illustrations of the plant Yarrow. Legends, myths, history
Yarrow is a plant known to people since ancient times, primarily due to its medicinal, rather than decorative properties. That is why there are many legends about him. One of them says that Saint Joseph often turned to the medicinal properties of this herb. He worked as a carpenter and, in his haste to do all the work by the right time, quite often injured his hands. And with the help of yarrow, Joseph could quickly heal his wounds and return to work. In some countries, this legend is alive to this day. There the yarrow is called "grass of St. Joseph". However, the most common legend is rooted in ancient Hellas and is called the legend of Achilles. The greatest of the warriors Achilles, the fruit of the love of the immortal goddess Thetis and the earthly ruler Peleus, led by King Agamemnon went to the Trojan War. During the campaign, he unintentionally inflicted a wound on the son of Hercules Telef. Despite the fact that the wound was not serious, Telephos could not recover. The wound didn't want to heal. The oracle predicted to Teleph that only the one who inflicted them could heal his wounds. Telephos sought out Achilles, told him about the prophecy and asked for help. In return, the desperate young man promised that he would show the Hellenes the way to Troy by sea. Achilles was a warrior, not a doctor. The future task seemed almost impossible to him, but the reward promised by Telef looked tempting. Then Achilles went to the wise centaur Chiron, who told him about the healing herb that saves from many ailments - yarrow. With the help of this herb, Achilles cured the wounds of Telephos. And the plant was named Achillea (achillea). According to legend, Achilles and his friend Patroclus learned about the healing properties of this plant from a skilled healer - the centaur Chiron. Teleph, the king of Mi-siy, also healed the wounds of soldiers with yarrow grass. Thus, there can be no doubt that even the ancient Greeks used this plant as a medicinal plant and that the stratiotes (soldier's grass) of Dioscorides is our yarrow. It is also interesting to note that yarrow used to be used instead of hops in brewing. The Russian chronicles say that the grandson of Prince Dmitry Donskoy was cured of painful nosebleeds with an infusion of common yarrow. Author: Martyanova L.M.
Yarrow, Achilea millefolium L.I. Botanical description, habitat and habitats, chemical composition, use in medicine and industry
Synonyms: white porridge, gulyavitsa, bloodthirsty, matryonka, cutter, etc. Perennial herbaceous plant 20-120 cm high, Compositae family. Rhizome thin, creeping, branched. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, bipinnately dissected. The flowers are white, yellow, pink, red, collected in baskets, forming complex corymbs 2-15 cm in diameter. The fruit is a seed. Blooms from July to September. Range and habitats. Chemical composition. The aerial part during the flowering period contains flavones, achillein alkaloid, coumarins, aconitic acid, bitter and tannins, resins, organic acids, inulin, asparagine, mineral salts, ascorbic acid, phylloquinone, carotene, choline. The seeds contain up to 21% fatty oil. The leaves and inflorescences contain an essential oil (up to 0,85%) of a yellowish-green or blue color, which includes monoterpenoids (cineole (8-10%), camphor, thujol), sesquiterpenoids - achillinum, acetylbalquinolide, caryophyllene, azulene, esters, L-borneol, beta-pinene, L-limonene, thujone, bornyl acetate, cineole, camphor. In addition to the essential oil, it contains salicylic, formic, valeric, acetic and isovaleric acids, vitamin K. Yarrow contains many important minerals such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, etc. In addition, yarrow contains numerous flavonoids and tannins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as other beneficial biologically active substances. Application in medicine. The plant is widely used in medicine in various countries as a hemostatic (for nasal, uterine, pulmonary, hemorrhoidal and other bleeding), for colitis, various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract, as an astringent for gastrointestinal intestinal disorders, has anti-inflammatory and bactericidal properties. It is used in the form of infusions, decoctions, extracts. Included in the gastric and appetizing fees. Yarrow preparations with nettle are used as a hemostatic and sedative for internal and external bleeding. The plant has analgesic properties, which are enhanced in combination with the herb oregano.
In folk medicine, common yarrow is used for leucorrhea, malaria, insomnia, urolithiasis, some liver diseases, urinary incontinence, as a wound healing and hemostatic during heavy menstruation. Yarrow is used as a hemostatic agent for local bleeding - nasal, dental, from small wounds, abrasions, scratches, for pulmonary and uterine bleeding, fibroids, inflammatory processes, metropathies, hemorrhoidal bleeding; with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - colitis, peptic ulcer; also recommended for inflammation of the urinary tract. Yarrow herb is a part of gastric, appetizing and other potions and teas. For inflammation of the bladder, a decoction of a mixture of the following plants is used: 2 tablespoons of yarrow, 1 spoon of calamus root, 1 spoon of birch buds, 2 tablespoons of bearberry leaves; 2 tablespoons of the mixture is poured with water 1/2 cup), boiled for 5-7 minutes, insisted for half an hour, filtered and drink the whole broth during the day in 4 divided doses. Tea from yarrow flowers is drunk with uterine bleeding and hemoptysis, 3 cups a day. With flatulence, a mixture of the following plants is considered a good remedy: yarrow leaves 2 tablespoons, caraway seeds 2 tablespoons, dill seeds 1 spoon, finely chopped oat straw 3 tablespoons, calamus root 1 spoon and coarsely grated valerian root 1-2 teaspoons. The mixture is stirred, pour 3 tablespoons of the mixture with 3 cups of water, boil for 15 minutes, take 3 cups a day. Infusion of yarrow. Prepare as follows: 20 g of grass is crushed to a particle size of 0,5 mm, poured with water at room temperature, boiled for 15 minutes, insisted for at least 45 minutes, filtered. The infusion can be stored in a cool place for no more than 3-4 days. Doses of infusion: 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day after meals. Collection with a tendency to unstable stool with diarrhea: yarrow 30 g, wild rose 50 g, St. John's wort 30 g, oak bark 30 g, sugar syrup to taste, water 1 liter. Other uses. The smell of the plant is slightly aromatic, the taste is slightly and pleasantly spicy and tart. As a spice, leaves and inflorescences are used, but without a stem. The dry crushed plant and essential oil are used for flavoring alcoholic beverages and culinary products, as well as in vegetable and potato soups, fatty and vegetable dishes, goulash, in the preparation of dark sauces and bitters. Together with chives and onions, yarrow is used for cream cheese. When using yarrow as a spice, one should be careful. In large quantities, it can cause poisoning, which manifests itself in dizziness and skin rash. It is a good honey plant. Determination of the nectar productivity of flowers in the steppe and forest-steppe zones showed that one flower produces from 0,0192 to 0,0246 mg of nectar. On one plant, there are from 114 to 190 flowers. Fructose prevailed in the composition of nectar sugars (67,71-86,99%). Nectar productivity of 100 flowers in the conditions of the south of the Far East is 6,6 mg, honey productivity is 20-25 kg/ha. It is well visited by bees when there are no good flowering honey plants nearby. In veterinary medicine, yarrow is used as an antihelminthic and for gastrointestinal diseases in calves. The admixture of the plant to hay contributes to its digestibility. Authors: Turova A.D., Sapozhnikova E.N.
Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Description of the plant, area, cultivation, application
Perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family with a creeping rhizome and underground shoots developing large basal leaves. Stem 20-70 cm tall, erect or ascending, simple or slightly branched at the top, densely leafy, pubescent with protruding hairs. Leaves lanceolate, finely pinnate. Baskets in dense corymbose apical inflorescences, small, oval, with five marginal pistillate white flowers. Achenes 1,5-2 mm long. Blooms from June to October. Common yarrow grows mainly in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Distributed throughout Europe, the Caucasus, Crimea, Western and Central Siberia. Occurs in dry meadows, forest edges, between bushes, along roadsides and edges. In the leaves of the common yarrow, the alkaloid achillein was found, which increases blood clotting, in the leaves and inflorescences - essential oil, tannins, resins, nitrogenous substances, organic acids, vitamins C and K, and a number of other substances. Fresh leaves and flowers have phytoncidal properties. The leaves are richer in bitter substances, and the flowers are richer in essential oil. The tops of the leafy part of a flowering plant with the remains of a stem no longer than 15 cm are usually used. Yarrow is harvested during the flowering period. The smell is peculiar, fragrant, the taste is bitter, astringent. In combination with other spicy plants, yarrow can be used to prepare drinks with healing properties that are original in taste and aroma. The aerial part of the yarrow, collected during the flowering period, is used in medicine as an anesthetic, hemostatic agent for gastrointestinal diseases, women's diseases. Authors: Yurchenko L.A., Vasilkevich S.I. Yarrow. Description of the plant, area, cultivation, application
It grows everywhere in rare forests, on the edges, along roadsides, in wastelands, in gardens. Perennial herbaceous plant 50-80 cm high. The rhizome is thick, creeping, with numerous thin fibrous roots, underground shoots. The stem departs from the rhizome (sometimes several), erect, angularly furrowed, glabrous or slightly pubescent, branched in the upper part. The leaves are basal, develop from shoots on petioles, lanceolate, bipinnate, up to 15 cm long, gray-green, glabrous or pubescent, with many oil glands on the underside. Stem leaves are small, pubescent, sessile. Blooms in July - September. The flowers are white (red, pink, yellow), collected in small baskets, forming apical dense, complex inflorescences. Fruits - achenes are oblong, bare, brown. The plant contains esters, an alkaloid that increases blood clotting, essential oil, organic acids, alcohols, vitamins C, K, resins, carotene, phytoncides, bitter and astringent substances, mineral salts, etc. For economic purposes, infusions and decoctions of yarrow herbs are sprayed as an insecticide on shrubs, trees, and houseplants. Fresh flowers, shoots, leaves are used in nutrition. Salads, vinaigrettes, side dishes are prepared from them. Dried flowers and leaves are added for flavoring in drinks, kvass, mousses, jelly. Seasonings from the plant are used for meat, fish, vegetable, cereal dishes, they improve the taste and nutritional value of products. Dried leaves and flowers are added to compotes, jelly, bakery products. Yarrow powder. Air-dried flowers and leaves of yarrow grind in a coffee grinder, sift. Store in glass jars, paper bags. Use for seasoning the first, second courses, gravy, sauces. Yarrow salad. Blanch leaves, flowers, young shoots of yarrow for 5 minutes, then chop, add sauerkraut, chopped green onions, salt. Season with vegetable oil, or sour cream, or mayonnaise. Sprinkle with dill and parsley. 10 g of yarrow, or 5 g of powder, 20 g of green onion, 150 g of sauerkraut, 25 g of vegetable oil (or sour cream, or mayonnaise), salt, dill and parsley. Salad with yarrow. Grate boiled beets and apples on a coarse grater, add green onions, grated horseradish, yarrow powder or greens, salt. Season with mayonnaise, or sour cream, or lemon juice, or vegetable oil. Sprinkle with dill and parsley. 150 g of beets, 100 g of apples, 20 g of green onions, 25 g of horseradish, 15 g of yarrow, 50 g of mayonnaise (or sour cream, or lemon juice, or vegetable oil), salt, dill and parsley. Soup with yarrow. Add yarrow powder or crushed young fresh leaves, flowers, shoots to the cooked soup 3-5 minutes before it is ready. 500 ml of broth, 10 g of yarrow powder or 50 g of herbs. Borscht with yarrow. Boil carrots, beets, cabbage, potatoes, onions in salted meat broth or water. 3-5 minutes before readiness, add chopped blanched yarrow leaves or powder, season with browned carrots and onions. Before serving, put a hard-boiled egg, sour cream, sprinkle with dill and parsley on the plates. 500 ml of broth, 100 g of beets, 70 g of carrots, 25 g of potatoes, 100 g of cabbage, 10 g of yarrow powder, 50 g of onion, 25 g of sour cream, 1 egg, salt, dill and parsley. Mogilev-style sausages. Pass beef meat with bacon fat twice through a meat grinder, add yarrow powder, salt, ground black pepper, garlic, mix thoroughly. Form sausages from the mass, bread them in breadcrumbs, place them on a preheated, greased frying pan, brush with egg and bake in a hot oven. 300 g of meat, 150 g of fat, 20 g of yarrow powder, 1 egg, 5 g of garlic, 25 g of butter, 15 g of breadcrumbs, salt, pepper to taste. Meat in Belarusian. Fry well-beaten, breaded in breadcrumbs meat, then stew with water and oil over low heat until tender. At the end of cooking, sprinkle with powder or leaves with yarrow flowers. 300 g of meat, 5-10 g of powder or 20 g of yarrow greens, 20 g of vegetable oil, salt, pepper to taste. Yarrow drink. Boil leaves, flowers, shoots of yarrow for 5-10 minutes in water, leave for 3 hours, then strain, add sugar, honey or jam, cranberry juice. Store in a cool place in a glass container. 3 liters of water, 60 g of yarrow, 300 g of honey, 500 g of cranberry juice.
In folk medicine, yarrow herb is used. It has a hemostatic, wound healing, anti-inflammatory effect, enhances the functions of the stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, increases appetite, improves metabolism, enhances blood clotting. Yarrow preparations should be used under medical supervision. Infusion of yarrow. Infuse 25 g of dried herb in 200 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 4 times a day before meals for internal bleeding, gastritis, cholelithiasis, diathesis, neurasthenia, hysteria, bedwetting, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Infusion of yarrow with nettle. Infuse 15-20 g of yarrow and nettle leaves in a thermos in 250 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 4-6 times a day for gastric, intestinal, hemorrhoidal, uterine, pulmonary, nasal bleeding. Infusion of yarrow. 40 g of yarrow leaves insist in a thermos in 300 ml of boiling water for 1 hour, strain. Use for washing bleeding wounds, ulcers, rinsing the mouth with bleeding gums, for enemas with bleeding, inflamed hemorrhoids, for washing the face with acne. Baths from a decoction of yarrow. Boil 25 g of herbs in 100 ml of water. Assign for eczema, scaly lichen, scabies. Juice mixed with honey, take 1 teaspoon 4 times a day for liver disease, metabolic disorders, general weakness. Lubricate bleeding wounds, ulcers with the juice of fresh grass. Powder from the leaves of yarrow and nettle (1:1) take 0,3-0,5 g 3-4 times a day before meals for various bleeding. Pounded young leaves should be put into the nasal cavity in case of bleeding. Yarrow ointment. Mix powdered yarrow leaves and flowers with nettle powder (1:1), grind with fresh melted internal pork fat. Lubricate the inflamed areas of the skin. Yarrow herb is part of the appetizing, gastric, laxative collections. Contraindications: increased blood clotting, tendency to thrombosis. With prolonged use or overdose, headache, dizziness, skin rashes appear. Grass, leaves, yarrow flowers are harvested separately. The grass is cut during flowering, up to 15 cm long. The inflorescences are cut with corymbs, the pedicels are removed before drying. Leaves are plucked before flowering. Dry everything separately in the air, in well-ventilated rooms, under a canopy, in attics. Dried leaves of salty-bitter taste, unpleasant odor. Flowers - bitter, astringent taste. You can not pull out all the plants with roots in a row. It is necessary to leave a part for the revival of yarrow thickets. The shelf life of dried raw materials is up to 2 years. Authors: Alekseychik N.I., Vasanko V.A. Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium L. Botanical description, distribution, chemical composition, features of use
Aster family - Asteraceae. Perennial. The stem is straight, pubescent, up to 20-80 cm high. The leaves are pubescent, twice or thrice pinnately dissected into numerous lobes. Inflorescence - a basket with five marginal reed white, less often pink flowers and tubular flowers with rare glands. The fruit is an oblong-ovoid compressed achene without voles. Grows in meadows, meadow steppes, forests. Widely distributed in Europe and Asia, the species has also been introduced to other continents. The aerial part during the flowering period contains flavones, achillein alkaloid, coumarins, aconitic acid, bitter and tannins, essential oil (up to 0,85%), resins, organic acids, inulin, asparagine, mineral salts, ascorbic acid, phylloquinone, carotene, choline. The composition of the essential oil includes azulene, cineol (8-10%), L-borneol, beta-pinene, L-limonene, thujone, L-camphor, caryophyllene, bornylacetate, salicylic acid, sesquiterpene hydrocarbon and sesquiterpene alcohol. The essential oil is a yellowish-green or blue liquid. The seeds contain up to 21% fatty oil. The smell of the plant is slightly aromatic, the taste is slightly and pleasantly spicy and tart. Leaves and flowers are used as a spice, but without the stem. The dry crushed plant and essential oil are used for flavoring alcoholic beverages and culinary products, as well as in vegetable and potato soups, fatty and vegetable dishes, goulash, in the preparation of dark sauces and bitters. Together with chives and onions, yarrow is used for cream cheese. When using yarrow as a spice, one should be careful. In large quantities, it can cause poisoning, which manifests itself in dizziness and skin rash. The plant is widely used in medicine in various countries as a hemostatic (for nasal, uterine, pulmonary, hemorrhoidal and other bleeding), for colitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract, as an astringent for gastrointestinal disorders. The aerial part of the plant during the flowering period is part of the gastric appetizing fees. In folk medicine, common yarrow was used for leucorrhoea, malaria, insomnia, urolithiasis, some liver diseases, urinary incontinence, as a wound healing and hemostatic during heavy menstruation. In veterinary medicine, yarrow is used as an antihelminthic and for gastrointestinal diseases in calves. The admixture of the plant to hay contributes to its digestibility. Honey plant. Authors: Dudchenko L.G., Kozyakov A.S., Krivenko V.V. Common yarrow, Achilleae millefolium L. Description, habitats, nutritional value, culinary use
Yarrow is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Asteraceae family, 20-30 cm high, with a strong aroma. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, bipinnately dissected. The flowers are white, pink, yellow, red, collected in baskets, forming complex shields with a diameter of 5-15 cm. The fruit is an achene. Blooms from July to September. It occurs almost along the edges of the forest, fields, steppes, hillsides, meadows, near roads and on old arable lands. The leaves contain essential oil (up to 0,8%), alkaloids, resins, organic acids, carotene, vitamins C and K, phytoncides, tannins, copper (up to 0,85 mg%); in seeds - 21% fatty oil. The plant is included in the pharmacopoeias of many countries of the world. Leaves, flowers and young shoots are used as food. Fresh greens are added to meat and fish dishes, used as seasonings in salads and vinaigrettes. Decoctions are added to compotes and dough. Dried leaves and flowers are used to make tinctures and liqueurs, table wines and kvass, flavored drinks, jellies and mousses. Yarrow is usually harvested during flowering, when its aromatic properties are most pronounced. You can dry it outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Despite the fact that there is a lot of yarrow, we must protect its natural reserves and collect it correctly. The most important thing is not to pull out the yarrow with its roots. Moreover, the root is not needed. It is enough to cut off the upper part of the plant, and then the next year the yarrow will bloom again. Author: Koshcheev A.K. Yarrow. Application in cosmetology
Yarrow contains in the aerial parts, mainly in flower baskets, a bitter water-soluble amorphous red-brown substance - glucoalkaloid achillein, aconitic acid, tannins, various mineral salts and up to 0,25% of essential oil, which includes the carbohydrate azulene , cineol, borneol, bornyl acetate and some other compounds. In the grass and inflorescences of yarrow, 0,10-0,15% of fragrant essential oil was found, which includes achillene, azulene, thujone and some other valuable substances. The population of many countries uses yarrow as a seasoning along with tansy or thyme. In Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, yarrow is used to make a variety of homemade liqueurs and wines. In official medicine, it is considered a valuable medical, dietary and medicinal plant. Collect fresh half-opened yarrow baskets, grind until a homogeneous puree is obtained, to which a little honey, egg yolk or cream, sour cream are added. The mask is applied for 12-15 minutes, removed with a cotton swab dipped in water, and then the skin is lubricated with a nourishing cream. Yarrow masks are an excellent remedy for expanding skin pores, sclerotic dilation of blood vessels, various inflammations and swelling of the skin. Flowers and leaves can be harvested for future use, drying in the open air without access to sunlight. Store raw materials in a tightly closed container. Dried flowers and leaves are slightly moistened with water before use and allowed to stand for a few minutes before processing. Crushed flowers and leaves are used to obtain steam, from which an ointment for masks is prepared, adding a little butter and potato starch to the filtered steam. You can also prepare an extract in alcohol, to which honey and egg yolk are added. Masks very well help with inflammation of the skin, vasodilation, narrow pores and remove acne. Author: Reva M.L.
Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Ethnoscience:
Cosmetology:
Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!
Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Yarrow, or Achillea milfolium, is a perennial herb known for its medicinal properties and ornamental flowers. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing: Cultivation:
Workpiece:
Storage:
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