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Rosemary. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Rosemary, Rosmarinus. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Rosemary (Rosmarinus)

Family: Lamiaceae (Lamiaceae)

Origin: Mediterranean

Area: Rosemary is common in regions with a temperate and Mediterranean climate. It is grown in many countries of the world, including the USA, Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Algeria and Morocco.

Chemical composition: Rosemary contains essential oils, vitamins (C, PP), carotenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium).

Economic value: Rosemary is widely used in cooking to flavor foods and drinks, as well as in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Its essential oil is used in aromatherapy to improve mood and reduce fatigue. Rosemary also has beneficial medicinal properties and is popular in folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments such as headaches, muscle and joint pains, and stomach and intestinal problems.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In Greek mythology, rosemary was associated with the goddess Aphrodite, goddess of love, beauty and fertility. It was believed that rosemary excites passion and strengthens love. In ancient Roman mythology, rosemary was associated with the fertility goddess Ceres and was considered a symbol of loyalty and friendship. Rosemary has been used during wedding ceremonies to invoke the favor of the gods. In medieval Europe, rosemary was considered a symbol of memory and mental clarity. Rosemary wreaths were given to graduates to help them remember everything they learned at school. In British culture, rosemary was also associated with memory and mental clarity, and was used in funeral ceremonies. The symbolic meaning of rosemary is also associated with its aroma and properties. Rosemary has a fresh, tart scent that is said to be stimulating to the mind and body.

Rosemary, Rosmarinus. Description, illustrations of the plant

Rosemary. Legends, myths, history

Legends have surrounded rosemary throughout its long history.

You can start right with the name - legend says that rosemary is a distorted Latin ros marinus - "sea dew". It happened with the light hand of the ancient Roman historian Pliny, who said that rosemary flowers have such an attractive color due to the fact that sea foam, falling on the flowers, turns them blue, because the plant is found mainly along the rocky sea coasts of the western Mediterranean.

There were many legends about rosemary, which in the popular mind was both a sacred and magical plant. It was said that initially its flowers were white, but during the flight to Egypt, the Virgin Mary spread the baby's diapers on a rosemary bush to dry, and his flowers turned blue. Another legend said that the bush grows up only 33 years old - the age when Christ was crucified.

Ancient ideas about rosemary as a plant that improves memory, strengthens vitality, heart and mind were preserved in Shakespeare's time. There is one scene in Hamlet - Ophelia's insane speech when she distributes her bouquet to those present. In the medieval language of flowers, Ophelia offers rosemary to her brother to strengthen his spirit and memory of his father.

At the same time, rosemary sprigs began to decorate the bride's bouquets, symbolizing constancy, fidelity, strengthening love and devotion. On the other hand, rosemary was in demand not only in weddings, but also in funeral ceremonies and religious rites - to keep the memory of the dead.

The legendary rosemary water was created as a remedy for gout or rheumatism, which afflicted the elderly Hungarian Queen Elisabeth. A beautiful legend tells that a miraculous formula was created for rejuvenation, which was so successful that the queen returned youth and beauty, and at the age of 72 she captivated men with beauty and youth, which made the Polish king propose her hand and heart.

Artists depicted rosemary on canvases next to the Holy Family. There is a legend about how, during the journey of the Holy Family to Egypt, the Virgin Mary placed the baby Jesus on a rocky place under a small bush of rosemary with white flowers, and they turned blue. Since then, rosemary flowers began to bloom at Easter.

Many beliefs have been associated with this plant. It was believed that rosemary can save a person from bad dreams, and, most importantly, keep him young.

In ancient Greece and Rome, students wove rosemary into their hair to improve memory.

In Western folk symbolism, rosemary means fidelity in love.

At the court of the French kings, rosemary was held in high esteem. Queens and ladies-in-waiting took rosemary water baths and were treated with this water.

Resins such as frankincense and myrrh were not available to the ancient inhabitants of Great Britain and Northern Europe, so for the purpose of fumigation they burned those fragrant herbs that grew in their lands - rosemary, lavender, thyme. Thus, many Celtic-Druidic incense recipes include these herbs.

In some parts of England, rosemary is said to bloom at midnight on New Year's Eve, old style, and this is proof of the sacredness it shares with Glastonbury thornbush. The English are convinced that rosemary grows well only in the righteous or, according to another tradition, in women who manage well not only the house, but also their husband.

In the XNUMXth century, brides wove its flowers and leaves into their wedding wreaths, and its gilded branches were carried ahead of them in the wedding procession by the bridesmaids and groomsmen. Before the newlyweds drank the first cup at the wedding feast, a sprig of rosemary was dipped in wine for the happiness and longevity of their love and union.

Sprigs of rosemary were also brought to the grave at funerals until relatively recent times. When the coffin was lowered, they were thrown on it as a sign that the deceased would not be soon forgotten. Branches of rosemary were lit on graves instead of incense. They believed that this remedy would provide the deceased with bliss in the other world.

The magical and healing properties of rosemary are numerous and varied. The one who wore it on himself gained protection from evil spirits, witches, sorcerers and fairies, from thunder and lightning, from robbers and bodily harm.

Rosemary was used in spells aimed at the success of all sorts of enterprises, for rejuvenation, in love divination and divination. If a girl puts a sprig of rosemary and a silver coin under her pillow on Halloween, she will dream of her future husband.

An old legend says that if a thief can be persuaded or cunningly forced to wash his feet in wine vinegar, in which a sprig of rosemary was soaked, then he will no longer have the desire, opportunity, or strength to steal.

In the evenings, children were fumigated with rosemary to protect them from spoilage.

In Afro-Brazilian magic, rosemary is used to make amulets.

Author: Martyanova L.M.

Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. Botanical description, history of origin, nutritional value, cultivation, use in cooking, medicine, industry

Evergreen shrub up to 2 m high. Stem erect, strongly branched, woody. Young shoots are densely covered with hairs. The leaves are small, narrow, short-petiolate, with edges wrapped downwards, dark green above, whitish-felt below. The flowers are small, white, bluish or purple, collected in a false brush on the tops of the shoots. The fruit is a small shiny ovoid nut. Blooms in June-August.

Rosemary is native to the Mediterranean. Even the ancient Greeks valued rosemary as a sacred plant. It was brought to Europe by monks, introduced into culture in the middle of the XNUMXth century. Now the largest suppliers of rosemary are Yugoslavia, France, Italy, Greece. It is cultivated in the Crimea and the Caucasus as an essential oil plant.

The plant is heat and light-loving, not frost-resistant (it freezes at -16 °C). It grows on various soils, except for excessively moistened ones. Rosemary is propagated by cuttings, layering, less often by salmon. It has been growing in one place for more than ten years.

As a spice, young fragrant shoots are used, which are cut before rosemary blooms. To this end, the shrub is rejuvenated every seven to eight years, cutting off the entire plant near the surface of the earth in the spring.

Rosemary has a strong, pine-like aroma and a very pleasant, slightly spicy taste. The specific smell and taste are due to the presence of essential oil in its leaves and apical shoots. The leaves also contain tannins, resins, bitterness, etc.

Rosemary has a tonic effect on the body, helps with low blood pressure, nervous disorders, general exhaustion, and impotence. A decoction of rosemary leaves improves digestion; it is especially useful in chronic catarrhs ​​of the stomach, colitis. An infusion of rosemary leaves is taken for headaches, menstrual irregularities, heart neurosis, memory loss; it is used for gargling in diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Dry rosemary leaves have a calming effect on asthma. Compresses and baths are made from the infusion of leaves for gout and neuralgic pains (often colds). Various medicines, infusions, ointments are prepared from rosemary.

No less popular is rosemary as a spice. Fresh and dry leaves are used as a seasoning for salads, vegetable, meat and fish dishes; they flavor tea, soft drinks, confectionery and bakery products.

From the leaves of rosemary, an essential oil is obtained, which is used in the perfume industry. Dry leaves are also used in everyday life: they protect woolen things from moths.

Rosemary is very decorative, grown in gardens and on balconies. He is a good honey plant.

Authors: Kretsu L.G., Domashenko L.G., Sokolov M.D.

Rosemary officinalis, Rosmarinus officinalis L. Botanical description, distribution, chemical composition, features of use

Yasiotkovye family - Lamiaceae

Shrub 50-200 cm high.

Young branches obtusely tetrahedral, pubescent. Leaves on very short petioles, evergreen, linear, obtuse at the end, wrapped around the edges, thickish.

Flowers almost sessile in 5-10-flowered false racemes at the ends of short shoots; corolla blue-violet, slightly pubescent on the outside; the upper lip is notched, the lower one is slightly longer than the upper one, with a large, serrated middle lobe along the edges. The fruit is a round-ovoid, smooth, brownish nutlet.

Blooms in April - May. The fruits ripen in September.

It does not occur in the wild.

Successfully cultivated in the Crimea.

The leaves, flowers and upper parts of the shoots contain essential oil, its yield, depending on the place of plant growth, is 0,3-1,2% (per wet weight). The accumulation of oil in the leaves has two maxima: in the period of full flowering and in the period of fruit shedding. The composition of the essential oil includes L- and DL-alpha-pinene (30%), camphene (20%), cineole (10%), borneol (1%), L-camphor (7%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbon - caryophyllene, and bornyl acetate. The oil is a colorless or slightly yellowish liquid with a refreshing odor. Alkaloids (rosemaricin), ursolic and rosmarinic acids, tannins, resins, bitterness, etc. have been found in rosemary leaves.

Rosemary has a strong, aromatic, sweetish and camphoric smell reminiscent of pine, and a very spicy, slightly spicy taste. Leaves, flowers and young shoots in fresh or dry form are used as a spice for processing fish, in small quantities they are added to vegetable soups and dishes, salads, minced meat, fried meat, fried poultry, mushrooms, red and white cabbage and marinades.

They give a pleasant taste to soft cheeses, potatoes, game meat, fish and pastries. Lamb dishes, beef goulash, lamb and tomato soup, as well as grilled beef, lamb and veal, acquire a specific taste with the addition of rosemary. Rosemary essential oil is used in the perfumery and cosmetics industry; leaves, flowers and young shoots - in the alcoholic beverage and baking industries. The use of rosemary in food helps to increase the secretion of gastric juice, improve digestion.

In clinical experiments, it has been shown that an aqueous infusion of the plant enhances heart contraction, briefly increases blood pressure, and has a choleretic and tonic effect. A positive effect of an aqueous extract of rosemary (mixed with lavender) on patients in the post-stroke period was shown, due to its ability to improve cerebral circulation.

Leaves and annual shoots of rosemary were used in folk medicine inside for amenorrhea, as an astringent, tonic for impotence; sedative - for nervous disorders in menopause; analgesic - for pain in the heart and gastric colic and externally - for neuritis, thrombophlebitis, rheumatism, parotitis, leucorrhoea, as a wound healing agent.

Rosemary tincture (together with lavender) is used in cosmetics to wipe the skin of the face before going to bed, which makes it supple and prevents the formation of wrinkles.

Authors: Dudchenko L.G., Kozyakov A.S., Krivenko V.V.

Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. Classification, synonyms, botanical description, nutritional value, cultivation

Synonyms: R. angustifolius Mill, R. latifolius Mill., R. officinalis vulgaris Alef., Salvia rosmarinus Schleid.

Names: German Rosmarin; Goal. rosemarijn, rosmarijn; dates and Swede. Rosmarin; English rosemary; fr. roinarin, ancensior, herbe aux couronnes; it. rosmarino, ramerino; Spanish romero; port, alecrim; hung. rozmarin; Slovenian rozmarin; Serbian, ruzmarin, Polish. rozmaryn.

Perennial shrub, 50-200 cm tall, with ascending or straight, strongly branched branches covered with sulphur, easily exfoliating bark; young branches obtusely tetrahedral, pubescent, with shortened leafy shoots in the leaf axils.

Leaves on short petioles, evergreen, linear, obtuse at the ends, curled along the edges, thickish, dark green above, almost glabrous, whitish felt below, 1,3-3,5 cm long and 1,5-3 mm wide.

The flowers are almost sessile, in 5-10-flowered false racemes at the ends of short shoots. The calyx is gray tomentose, with a bare throat; corolla blue-violet. Fruits are nuts, rounded ovoid, 1,5-2 mm long, smooth, brownish. The weight of 1000 seeds is 1 g. Seeds remain viable for 2-3 years.

Rosemary is widely cultivated in England, France and Italy as an essential oil plant. Used as a condiment for various dishes; leaves and shoots have a pleasant smell and therefore are used in the confectionery industry; In medicine, rosemary is used as a remedy for neuralgia and rheumatism.

Rosemary requires light, fertile soils and protection from strong winds. Grow it with seedlings. Seed germination is usually low (about 50%); they germinate on the 25-30th day after sowing. Seedlings are planted at a distance of 50-60x50-60 cm.

Rosemary has been grown in one place for about 10 years. In the south, it winters well in the ground, and in the north, rosemary bushes are dug up in autumn, transplanted into boxes and placed indoors until spring. Rosemary is also propagated by cuttings, division of bushes and layering.

Author: Ipatiev A.N.

Rosemary, Rosmarinus. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Cold treatment: to prepare rosemary tea, you need to take 2 teaspoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 250 ml of boiling water and insist for 10-15 minutes. Drink 50-100 ml of tea 3 times a day.
• Headache treatment: to prepare an infusion of rosemary, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Apply infusion to massage the head and neck.
• Treatment of digestive problems: to prepare an infusion of rosemary, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Drink 50-100 ml of infusion after meals.
• Treatment of nervous disorders: to prepare rosemary tea, you need to take 2 teaspoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 250 ml of boiling water and insist for 10-15 minutes. Drink 50-100 ml of tea 3 times a day.

Cosmetology:

• Face tonic: to prepare a tonic, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Add 2 tablespoons of apple cider vinegar to the infusion and use for morning and evening face care.
• Mask for the face: to prepare the mask, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, 1 tablespoon of olive oil and 1 tablespoon of honey. Mix all ingredients together and apply on face for 10-15 minutes. Wash off with warm water.
• Shampoo: to prepare shampoo, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Add 2 tablespoons of burdock oil to the infusion and use to wash your hair.
• Decoction to eliminate dandruff: to prepare a decoction, you need to take 2 tablespoons of dried rosemary leaves, pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30 minutes. Wipe the scalp with a decoction using a cotton swab.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Rosemary, Rosmarinus. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Rosemary is an evergreen shrub often grown as an ornamental plant or for culinary and medicinal uses.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing rosemary:

Cultivation:

• Site Selection: Rosemary prefers sunny locations with well-drained soils. It can grow both outdoors and in pots.
• Soil preparation: Before planting rosemary, it is necessary to work the soil and add fertilizer. Rosemary does not require many nutrients, so it is best to use light soil with some sand added.
• Planting: Rosemary can be planted in both spring and fall. It is necessary to dig a hole, which should be twice the size of the plant's root system. Then the plant should be laid in a hole, covered with earth and watered well.
• Plant care: Rosemary does not require much care, but needs regular watering and pruning. It is also important to remove dried leaves and branches to keep the plant healthy.

Workpiece:

• Collection: It is best to harvest rosemary in dry weather, when the plant is at the very beginning of flowering.
• Drying: The collected branches should be washed, unwanted leaves cut off and hung in a dark and cool place for several days until they are completely dry.

Storage:

• Dry storage: Dry rosemary branches should be stored in a dry and cool place, protected from sunlight and temperature fluctuations.
• Shelf life: Dried rosemary can be stored for several months. To extend its shelf life, you can store it in glass jars or zip-lock bags.

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