Bee heat exchange. Free Technical Library News

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bee heat exchange

26.07.2016

Bees are known to exhibit several ways of cooling themselves in hot weather. Some create air movement inside the hive with the help of wings, others leave the hive to improve air circulation, and still others fly in search of a pond or puddle. The latter fill themselves with water, return home and regurgitate the contents. Surrounding bees pick up water with their mouths and spray it over the hive, which allows the dwelling to cool as the water evaporates.

While a steady supply of water during hot weather seems obvious, scientists at Cornell University in New York decided to test it empirically, and also try to figure out how water miners know when it's time to go on an expedition. Regarding the first assumption, everything turned out to be simple. The researchers collected 3000 bees from two hives and placed them under a lamp in the lab. In the absence of the bees' ability to bring water, the temperature inside the hives rose to 43°C, which is almost fatal for bees, which die at temperatures above 40°C. As soon as the bees resumed the supply of water, the temperature immediately dropped to normal.

As for the notification of water shortage, the procedure turned out to be quite simple. The sprinkler bees, when the temperature rose, began to stick to the water carrier bees and touch their tongues to their mouths, reminding them that it was time to spit out the next portion. This did not happen at normal temperatures. And after a day of abnormal temperature, part of the water carriers and sprinklers acted as living tanks, storing water for the future.

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To obtain a three-dimensional image, stereoscopic glasses based on the so-called nematic liquid crystals (NLC) are currently widely used. But such glasses, due to the properties of the NLC, are inconvenient for the perception of a continuous television picture, moreover, an undesirable overlay of the "remainder" of the image, "intended" for one eye, on the image in the other eye is possible.

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