Makhorka. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Makhorka. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Directory / Cultivated and wild plants

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Content

Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Makhorka, Nicotiana rustica. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Makhorka

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Nicotiana

Family: Solanaceae (Solanaceae)

Origin: South America

Area: Makhorka is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics, including North America, Africa and Asia.

Chemical composition: The main active substances of the plant are nicotine and anabazine. It also contains curarine, which can cause muscle paralysis.

Economic value: Makhorka is used for the production of tobacco products, including cigars, pipe tobacco and cuttings for smoking in pipes. The plant is also used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases.

Myths, legends, symbolism: Makhorka was known in antiquity, it was used by the Mayans and the Aztecs in rituals, as well as as a medicine. Shag was brought to Europe in the 16th century by the Spanish conquerors from America. The symbolism of shag is associated with tobacco, which is produced from this plant. Tobacco was widespread in Europe and America in the 19th century, and its use was often associated with social status. For example, cigar smoking was a sign of high society, while pipe smoking was the occupation of gentlemen.

Makhorka, Nicotiana rustica. Description, illustrations of the plant

Makhorka, Nicotiana rustica. Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications

Makhorka

Makhorka is a species of herbaceous plants from the subgenus Rustic tobacco (Rustica) of the Tobacco genus of the Solanaceae family.

The word "shag" comes from the name of the Dutch city of Amersfoort, famous for its tobacco industry in the XNUMXth century.

The flowers are yellow or white, tubular, regular, cleft-petaled, with five short lobes.

The leaves are round, the base of the leaf is semi-petiolate. The leaf surface is hairy and resinous.

The plant easily adapts and grows in any climate and on any soil.

Cultivated in South and Latin America, Russia, Vietnam, Turkey (for chewing), Sudan.

Like other species of plants of the genus Nicotiana, all parts of the shag contain nicotine (in dry leaves - 5-15%), nornicotine, nicotine and anabazine, with the exception of mature seeds. The plant also contains relatively high levels of beta-carboline MAO inhibitors, including harmine, harmaline, and tetrahydroharmine, due to which it has some entheogenic effects and is used in the shamanic practices of a number of indigenous peoples of the Americas.

Dry leaves contain 15-20% citric acid.

Shag leaves after fermentation and drying have long been used for smoking. Previously, they were used to obtain citric acid, nicotine for the production of nicotine sulfate (for pest control of agricultural crops) and nicotinic acid.

Often used in conjunction with other medicinal plants to enhance their effects.

Inhabitants of Latin America are used to neutralize snake venom and wound infections. Ayahuasca is added to the drink and used by curandero shamans in the rituals of expelling evil spirits and cleansing the space.

Makhorka, Nicotiana rustica. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Ethnoscience:

To reduce toothache pain: soak a small piece of cotton wool or cloth in fresh shag juice and apply to the aching tooth. Repeat the procedure several times a day.
For headache treatment: grate the shag leaves and apply on the forehead and temples.
For the treatment of skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis: mix shag powder with olive oil and apply on the affected areas of the skin. Leave for a few hours, then wash off with warm water.
To improve vision: mix shag powder with hot water and drink as a tea.
For the treatment of cough: grate the leaves of the shag and insist on them in boiling water. Add honey and drink like tea.

Cosmetology:

It is not recommended to use shag in cosmetology, as it is a toxic plant containing nicotine and other harmful substances. The use of shag may cause skin irritation and other undesirable effects.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Makhorka, Nicotiana rustica. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Shag (Nicotiana rustica) is a fast growing plant that is used as a raw material for tobacco production.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing shag:

Cultivation:

Soil: Shag prefers fertile, light soils with good drainage.
Lighting: shag grows best in full sun.
Landing: shag can be planted both in the ground and in containers. Plants should be planted at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other.
Planting depth: the roots of the shag should be completely immersed in the soil.
Watering: shag requires regular watering during growth and flowering, but does not tolerate soil flooding.
Pruning: For maximum yield, trim the tops of flowering stems.
Fertilizer: Shag does not require much maintenance, but can be fed with an all-purpose plant fertilizer every 4-6 weeks.
Pest control: Shag can be attacked by insects, so insecticides should be applied if there is a problem.

Workpiece:

Drying: to collect shag, you need to cut off the flowering stems and leave them in the sun until completely dry. The leaves and flowers are then removed from the stems and twisted into bundles.

Storage:

Shag must be stored in a cool and dry place.
It is recommended to use paper or cotton bags for storage.

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