Anaphylactic shock. Health care

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Anaphylactic shock. Health care

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

More anaphylactic shock develops in response to parenteral (bypassing the gastrointestinal tract) administration of drugs - such as penicillin, sulfonamides, serums, x-ray contrast agents, etc., as well as the use of products produced by bees, and less often - food and other allergens.

Symptoms anaphylactic shock:

speed of development (a few seconds or minutes after contact with the allergen);
oppression of consciousness;
drop in blood pressure;
the appearance of seizures;
involuntary urination.

The lightning-fast course of anaphylactic shock ends with a lightning-fast death. In most patients, the disease begins with the appearance of a feeling of heat, flushing of the skin, fear of death, headaches, chest pain, suffocation, agitation, or, conversely, depression. Sometimes swelling of the larynx develops according to the type of Quincke's edema, skin itching, hoarse cough appears. Blood pressure drops sharply, the pulse becomes thready. Death can occur due to acute respiratory failure, bronchospasm and pulmonary edema, acute cardiovascular failure with the development of cerebral edema.

First aid

Call for specialized medical attention immediately.

Urgently give a tablet of Diphenhydramine or Suprastin.

If possible, enter intramuscularly 2-4 ml of a 2% solution of suprastin or 2 ml of a 1% solution of diphenhydramine.

Apply a tourniquet above the site of a bee sting, snake or injection site of the drug that caused the allergy, etc.

If the patient is conscious, give 1 glass of tea or coffee to drink, or intramuscularly inject 1 ml of caffeine.

If breathing or cardiac activity stops, carry out resuscitation measures (artificial ventilation of the lungs and closed heart massage).

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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