Chest pain. Health care

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Chest pain. Health care

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

More often chest pain It can be caused by a deterioration in cardiac circulation (angina pectoris or myocardial infarction). Pain in the region of the heart may not be of coronary origin: due to metabolic disorders in the myocardium, in case of poisoning with gasoline, carbon monoxide and other substances; allergic and infectious genesis; tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung cancer, pleurisy, tumors; with trauma, neuralgia, osteochondrosis, myositis; with inflammation of the esophagus and other pathological conditions, etc.

The greatest danger, due to the rapid development, is myocardial infarction. Pain in this pathology is often intense - compressive, pressing, burning in nature; less often - dull, aching. Appears at night at rest, sometimes due to physical or psycho-emotional stress; lasts from 10 minutes to a day (unlike angina pectoris, which lasts 2-15 minutes). The pain is localized behind the sternum, radiating to the left arm, shoulder blade, capturing the entire chest; rarely occurs in the upper abdomen. Nitroglycerin, as a rule, does not help enough (with angina pectoris, giving nitroglycerin or analgesics quickly relieves pain). ECG plays an important role in determining the nature of the pathological process. It is known that in the last decade myocardial infarction in our country has become "younger" and occurs in schoolchildren and students; mortality from myocardial infarction is high.

First Aid Service:

Urgently call for specialized help.

A patient with chest pain should be given rest. Treatment begins with the appointment of nitroglycerin 1 tablet (0,0005 mg) under the tongue. If there is no effect, it is necessary to repeat the intake of nitroglycerin up to 3 times with an interval of 5-10 minutes.

Before the doctor arrives, sedatives (valerian), distractions (mustard plasters on the area of pain localization), acupressure, etc. can be used. To diagnose and exclude myocardial infarction, the ambulance team should urgently conduct an ECG if possible.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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