First aid for poisoning

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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First aid for poisoning

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Sharp poisoning develop as a result of the ingestion of chemicals of various nature into the human body in such an amount that can disrupt vital functions and create a danger to life. There are poisonings with household chemicals, poisoning with medications, acute poisoning with alcohol and its surrogates, mushroom poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, pesticide poisoning, poisoning with poisonous plants and animal poisons, bacterial food poisoning.

First aid for the most common cases of poisoning:

1) at the first symptoms of food poisoning, the stomach should be washed, and if botulism is suspected, urgent delivery to a medical institution should be arranged for the administration of polyvalent anti-botulinum serum;

2) in case of poisoning with household chemicals, immediately after strong acid or alkali enters the body, severe pain appears in the mouth, pharynx, and respiratory tract.

A burn of the mucous membrane causes severe swelling, profuse salivation. In such cases, it is urgent to call an ambulance. And before her arrival, immediately remove saliva and mucus from the mouth of the victim. Having wrapped a piece of gauze, a handkerchief or a napkin on a teaspoon, they wipe the oral cavity, if there are signs of suffocation, artificial respiration is carried out using the mouth-to-nose method, since the mucous membrane is burned. Gastric lavage is also recommended only if the victim is not vomiting. To wash the stomach, give 2-3 glasses of water, preferably with ice, and thus dilute the acid or alkali, as well as reduce their cauterizing effect. The victim, who is unconscious, should be laid without a pillow on his stomach, turn his head to the side to prevent the contents of the stomach from entering the respiratory tract;

3) in case of poisoning with medicines, before the arrival of an ambulance, the victim should be laid down, raised his head, rinsed his stomach with 5-6 glasses of water with the addition of baking soda, then give strong tea or coffee and black bread crackers;

4) first aid measures for poisoning by any alcohol substitutes are: cleansing the stomach by inducing vomiting with 3-4 glasses of water with the addition of baking soda; after give to drink strong tea or coffee. If the victim is unconscious, he is laid without a pillow, on his stomach, his head is turned to the side;

5) in case of poisoning with mushrooms, you should immediately start washing the stomach with water with the addition of salt or potassium permanganate, and to cleanse the intestines, enemas with castor oil are done.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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