Instructions for labor protection when working with ladders and ladders

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when working with ladders and ladders

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Before the start of work, the administration is obliged to familiarize the workers associated with work with ladders with this instruction, check their knowledge and constantly monitor compliance with its requirements, as well as provide workers with overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment in accordance with applicable standards and the nature of the work performed.

1.2. Depending on local conditions, the heads of construction and specialized departments must provide for additional measures to ensure the safety of work.

1.3. It is allowed to carry out work from ladders by workers at least 18 years old who have been trained and instructed in safety precautions, as well as on-the-job training.

1.4. Workers must have serviceable tools and equipment necessary for work, safety signals and devices, protective devices. It is forbidden to work with faulty tools and equipment.

1.5. Three-knee sliding ladders must comply with the requirements of GOST 8556-72.

1.6. One-knee attached inclined, attached vertical, mounted and free-standing must comply with the requirements of GOST 26887-86.

1.7. The length of the ladders must be no more than 5 m.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Wear the proper attire. Get her in order.

2.2. Check the availability and serviceability of the tool necessary for the job. Place the tool and spare parts in the work bag.

2.3. Check the serviceability and availability of ladders for lifting and lowering people. The upper ends of the ladders must be fixed to the transverse scaffolding.

2.4. The strings of the ladder must be tagged with the date of the next test.

2.5. Check the condition of the safety belt.

2.6. Before starting work, the stability of the ladder must be ensured, and it must be ensured by inspection and testing that the ladder cannot slip or be accidentally moved. When installing a ladder in conditions where displacement of its upper end is possible, the latter must be securely fastened to stable structures.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. On all ladders and step-ladders in operation, the inventory number, the date of the next test, and belonging to the workshop must be indicated.

3.2. Steps of wooden stairs must be made of hardwood.

All details of wooden stairs must have a smooth surface, machine or hand processed.

3.3. The wooden parts of the stairs should be hot impregnated with natural drying oil, followed by a colorless varnish.

3.4. The steps of wooden stairs must be cut into the bowstring and every 2 m fastened with coupling bolts with a diameter of at least 8 mm. It is forbidden to use stairs knocked down with nails without fastening the bowstrings with bolts and cutting the steps into the bowstrings.

3.5. The distance between the steps should be from 300 to 340 mm, and the distance from the first step to the installation level of the floor - 400 mm

3.6. The total length of the ladder must not exceed 5 m.

3.7. The slope of the stairs when climbing the scaffolding must not exceed 60°.

3.8. It is not allowed to install stairs at an angle of more than 75 ° without additional fastening of their upper part.

3.9. More than one person is not allowed to be on the steps of a ladder or ladder.

3.10. Lifting and lowering the load on the ladder and leaving the tool on it is not allowed.

3.11. It is not allowed to install stairs on the steps of flights of staircases. To perform work in these conditions, scaffolds should be used.

3.12. When working with a ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent its fall from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of tips at the ends of the ladder, its installation site should be protected or protected. In cases where it is impossible to secure the ladder when installing it on a smooth floor, one worker in a helmet should stand at its base and hold the ladder in a stable position. In other cases, it is not allowed to support the ladder below with your hands.

3.13. It is not allowed to work on portable ladders and ladders:

near and above rotating mechanisms, working machines, conveyors;
using electric and pneumatic tools, construction and installation guns;
when performing gas and electric welding works;
for tensioning wires and for holding heavy parts aloft.

3.14. When moving the ladder with two workers, the ladder must be carried backwards with the tips.

3.15. Vertical stairs, stairs with an angle of inclination to the horizon of more than 75 °, with a height of more than 5 m, starting from a height of 3 m, must have guards in the form of arcs. The arcs should be located at a distance of no more than 0,8 m from one another and connected by at least three longitudinal strips.

3.16. Stairs with a height of more than 10 m must be equipped with rest areas at least every 10 m.

3.17. Ladders and ladders must be equipped with a device that prevents the possibility of shifting and overturning during operation. At the lower ends of ladders and ladders there should be fittings with sharp tips for installation on the ground, and when using ladders on smooth surfaces, rubber shoes should be put on them.

3.18. The upper ends of the ladders attached to the pipes must be equipped with special hooks to prevent the ladder from falling from the action of wind or accidental shocks.

3.19. Ladders must be equipped with devices (hooks, chains) that do not allow them to move apart spontaneously during operation. The inclination of the ladders should be no more than 1:3

3.20. It is forbidden to work from the two upper steps of ladders that do not have railings or stops.

3.21. It is forbidden for more than one person to be on the steps of a ladder or ladder.

3.22. When working from ladders and ladders at a height of more than 1,3 m, a safety belt should be used, which is fixed to the structure of the structure.

3.23. Control over the condition of ladders and ladders should be carried out by a person from among the engineers, who is appointed by order of the enterprise.

3.24. All portable ladders and ladders must be statically tested after manufacture and overhaul, as well as periodically during operation:

metal ladders and ladders - once every 12 months;
wooden - once every 6 months.

3.25. The test of stairs is carried out by hanging a static load of 200 kg from the steps and bowstrings for 2 minutes.

3.26. The ladders are tested with a load of 120 kg for 2 minutes.

3.27. The date and results of periodic inspections and tests of ladders and step-ladders are recorded in the journal of accounting and inspection of rigging equipment, mechanisms and devices.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. When performing work from ladders and ladders, it is not allowed to perform them in open places with a wind speed of more than 15 m per second, with icy conditions, thunderstorms, fog, which exclude visibility within the work front.

4.2. Provide medical first aid to the injured in case of injury, sudden illness and inform the foreman or work manager.

4.3. In the event of a fire, immediately call the fire brigade, remove the personnel to a safe place and start extinguishing the fire with improvised fire extinguishing equipment, inform the work manager.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. The worker is obliged:

remove tools and foreign objects from the workplace;
hand over the tool and personal protective equipment to a certain place;
report to the head of work about all the problems with his comments;
take a shower.

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