Instructions for labor protection during simultaneous drilling operations

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Instructions for labor protection during simultaneous drilling operations

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. This instruction applies to the construction, development, operation and repair of oil wells located on well pads. When developing oil fields with a gas factor of more than 200 cubic meters / ton, the design documentation should provide for additional safety measures when testing casing strings for tightness and when tying wellheads with blowout control equipment.

1.2. The composition and structure of project documentation for the preparation of well pads, construction of wells, infrastructure development and field development must comply with the requirements of the Federal Law "On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities" and instructions on the procedure for development, approval, approval and composition of project documentation for the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures , approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated June 30.06.95, 18 No. 64-XNUMX. Technical, technological and organizational solutions included in the project, including the staging and commissioning of individual facilities at the well pad, must be made in accordance with the requirements of this Instruction.

2. Placement and layout of well pads

2.1. Wells on a well pad should be placed in groups. The number of wells in a group is set by the project, but should not exceed eight wells. The distance between groups should be at least 15 m

2.2. The number of groups of wells in a well pad is not regulated, but the total free flow rate of all wells in one well pad should not exceed 4000 tons/day of oil.

2.3. Wellheads should be located on a special site along one straight line on the axis of the pad at a distance of 5 m from each other. In some cases, the project may establish a smaller distance between wells. In any case, this deviation is agreed with the relevant territorial authority of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia, and the distance between the wellheads must be at least 2m.

2.4. When placing a bush on permafrost soils, the distance between the wellheads is determined based on the possible thaw radius around the well. This distance should not be less than the norms provided for in clause 2.3 of the instruction.

2.5. The distance between the clusters or cluster platform and a single well should be at least 50m. The distance from the boundaries of the well pad to the main and infield roads should be more than 50 m.

2.6. On the well pad there should be a platform measuring 20 by 20 m for the placement of fire equipment.

The location of the site is established by the project, taking into account fire safety requirements.

2.7. Service and amenity premises on the territory of the well pad must be equipped in accordance with fire safety requirements and located at the mouth of a drilling well at a distance equal to the height of the tower plus 10 m. The distance between drilled, operating wells and service premises must comply with the requirements of current regulatory and technical documents.

2.8. The size of well pads should ensure the placement of process equipment, well workover units, special equipment, and other equipment for various well operation methods, taking into account the requirements for the location of pumping units, control stations, transformer substations, gas lift gas pipelines, cable racks on one side of the well cluster axis wells and underground laying of cable lines to electric centrifugal pumps and pumping units on the other side of the axis of the well cluster, subject to agreement with the relevant territorial authority of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

3. Organization of work on the well pad

3.1. With a continuous cycle of work on the pad for the construction of wells, after the drilling of the next well is completed and positive results are obtained from checking the quality of cementing, strength and tightness of the production string and wellhead piping, it is allowed to suspend the well without running tubing.

3.2. The wellhead piping scheme in the process of drilling, development, operation and repair is developed by the enterprise performing the specified work, agreed with the customer and the relevant territorial body of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia and approved by the technical director of the enterprise.

3.3. Sequential development, intensification of inflows, additional opening of deposits, including by laying horizontal branches, commissioning of previously drilled wells located at a distance that ensures the safe installation and operation of installations for well development and workover in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, but not less than 10 m from the mouth of the drilling well.

3.4. The water supply system of the well pad should provide for the possibility of emergency irrigation of the wellhead equipment of operating wells for the time required to connect fire hoses to the main water supply or to other sources of water supply. It is allowed to connect to the formation pressure maintenance systems PPD when used in them as a working agent of industrial water without the addition of chemical reagents.

3.5. Equipment, special devices, tools, materials, overalls, insurance and personal protective equipment necessary for the elimination of oil and gas manifestations and open fountains must be in full readiness at the emergency stock warehouses of enterprises or specialized services. The location of warehouses should ensure the prompt delivery of the necessary funds to the well pad.

3.6. The procedure for organizing simultaneous work on drilling, development, opening of additional productive deposits, operation and repair of wells on a well pad is established in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for organizing simultaneous work on drilling, development, opening of additional productive deposits, operation and repair of wells on a well pad , approved by the owner of the license for the development of the deposit and including:

the sequence of works and operations, the order of their combination in time;
operational and territorial delimitation of powers and responsibilities between enterprises (divisions) involved in the production process;
the production control system and the procedure for appointing employees authorized to exercise production control;
the procedure and conditions for the interaction of enterprises involved in the production process, including enterprises involved in work on a contractual basis.

3.7. For ensuring safe conditions for work related to the construction, installation of equipment, drilling, development, operation and repair of wells, the responsibility is borne by the heads of enterprises or subdivisions involved in the performance of these works to subsoil user organizations.

3.8. When working at one of the hazardous production facilities located on a well site, several enterprises, the procedure for organizing and performing work should be determined by the Regulations on the interaction between enterprises, approved jointly by the heads of these enterprises, and when several departments of one enterprise are operating, by the procedure established by the head of the enterprise.

3.9. Control and supervision over the organization, progress and quality of work performed by participants in the production process at the well pad must be carried out in the manner prescribed by the Regulations. At the same time, the subsoil user is not entitled to interfere in the operational and economic activities of the contractor.

3.10. The following works are carried out according to the permit:

moving the rig-winch unit, other equipment to a new position or well;
dismantling of the drilling rig;
perforation, development of wells;
piping and connection of wells to existing systems for collecting products and maintaining reservoir pressure;
installation of mobile units for development and workover of wells;
electric and gas welding;
reclamation of the territory of the bush, barns.

3.11. In the event of an emergency situation at a particular site of work (oil and gas and water manifestations, breakthrough of an oil pipeline), each work foreman must immediately notify the responsible work manager and other participants in the production process about what happened. In such cases, all work on the well pad should be suspended until the causes and consequences of the emergency are eliminated.

3.12. Elimination of accidents associated with oil and gas shows or open fountains should be carried out in accordance with the Accident Response Plan (APP).

3.13. Electric and gas welding work on the pad must be carried out by qualified welders certified in accordance with the requirements of the Rules for the certification of welders and specialists in welding production (PB-03-273-99), approved by the Decree of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia dated 30.10.98 No. 63.

3.14. Exhaust pipes of internal combustion engines of a drilling rig, mobile and cemented units, and other special equipment must be equipped with spark arresters.

3.15. The order of movement of all types of transport on the well pad is established by the Regulations. It is forbidden to drive vehicles (except for technological ones) to the territory where oil-producing equipment and communications are located.

3.16. Specialists and workers engaged in drilling, development, operation and repair of wells, as well as persons associated with the maintenance of production facilities at the well pad, must undergo a special briefing on the safe conduct of work in accordance with the requirements of this instruction and the Regulations and certification in the manner prescribed by the Regulations on the procedure for training and certification of employees of an organization operating a hazardous production facility controlled by the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation (RD 04-265-99)

3.17. The procedure for the evacuation of people, vehicles, special equipment from well pads in the event of emergencies should be provided for by the PLA.

3.18. In case of flooding of the well pad with flood waters above the column flanges, drilling, development and workover of wells is not allowed, and the operation of wells is carried out according to a special plan approved by the subsoil user and agreed with the relevant territorial body of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

4. Construction of wells

4.1. Construction of wells at well pads is carried out in accordance with the project, approved in the manner established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 27.12.00, 1008 No. XNUMX "On the procedure for conducting state expertise and approving urban planning, pre-project documentation".

4.2. The construction of the well pad, access roads, power lines, barns, embankments must be completed before the drilling of the first well begins. The readiness of the well pad for the start of well construction work must be established by a commission appointed by the customer, with the inclusion in the commission of representatives of the work performers, the drilling company and the organization operating hazardous production facilities. With an increase in the number of wells on a well pad in accordance with the changes made to the project in the prescribed manner, it is allowed to combine work on the increase in the well pad, the installation of additional barns, the installation of communications with drilling and other works provided for by the project.

4.3. When the gas content in the drilling fluid is more than 5% or in cases where oil-based fluids are used, sampling of the gas-air medium during drilling should be carried out at the drilling site, in the pumping unit, drilling mud cleaning units and the capacitive system.

4.5. When moving the derrick and winch block, other blocks and equipment to a new position, when testing the derrick, as well as during emergency work associated with increased loads on the derrick, work on the development of neighboring wells located in the hazardous zone should be stopped. People must be removed from the danger zone, except for workers directly involved in the elimination of the accident.

4.6. When carrying out pressure testing of pipelines, high-pressure manifolds, blowing wells, drilling, development and workover of wells should be stopped if they interfere with the above types of work and technological operations.

4.7. The terms of pressure testing of preventers for working pressure are established by the enterprise in agreement with the territorial body of the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation. This period should not exceed the time of drilling one group of wells.

4.8. In case of accidents with an open oil spill or with the release of gas into the air, all work on the pad, including oil production,

5. Development. Operation and repair of wells

5.1. For the duration of perforation work (perforation of production strings, repair work), a danger zone with a radius of at least 10 m is established around the well. Perforation work must be carried out in compliance with safety requirements.

5.2. The development of wells on a pad, regardless of the method of their subsequent operation, must be carried out in accordance with the work plan approved by the technical manager of the enterprise and agreed with the customer. Preparation for work on well development and the development process itself must comply with the established safety requirements.

5.3. The connection of the developed well to the oil gathering communications must be carried out in strict accordance with the project. The use of temporary oil collection and transportation schemes is prohibited.

5.4. When developing wells using inert gases using a mobile compressor, the latter must be installed at a distance of at least 25 m from the wellhead.

5.5. Wellheads on a well pad should be equipped (depending on the method of operation) with the same type of fittings, and their column flanges should be located at the same level from the well pad surface.

5.6. The need and procedure for installing shut-off valves and remotely controlled wellhead valves in high-rate wells, as well as in wells with a high gas factor, are determined by the project based on the conditions for ensuring the safety of work.

5.7. With the commissioning of the first well on a well pad, a procedure for monitoring the gas content of the air environment throughout the well pad area should be established. The development of the schedule, determination of the sampling site and the procedure for control is carried out by the representative of the subsoil user. The implementation of this control is assigned to the responsible work manager at the well pad.

5.8. After completion of drilling and well development, the well pad must be freed from drilling equipment, materials, tools, and drilling waste not used in construction. After the delivery of the well pad or part of it to the customer, the contractor shall not bear any responsibility for incidents and incidents in this territory. Acceptance into operation of each hazardous production facility at the well pad is carried out in accordance with the established procedure.

5.9. Within the restricted areas near operating wells, the presence of persons and vehicles not related to the direct performance of work is not allowed.

5.10. Works on repair of wells should be carried out by a specialized team according to a plan approved by the technical manager of the enterprise. The work plan should include the necessary measures for industrial safety and environmental protection.

5.11. Repair of wells without shutting down adjacent wells is allowed subject to the development and implementation of special measures that exclude the possibility of a dangerous impact on operating wells. These activities should be included in the work plan. With additional opening of productive deposits, adjacent wells should be suspended and, if necessary, plugged.

5.12. Simultaneous work of two specialized teams for the repair or development of wells on one well pad is allowed. Instructions for the safety of such work are developed by the enterprise and agreed with the relevant territorial body of the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation.

5.13. When repairing a well on gas-lift pads, gas injection into the repaired well, as well as into neighboring wells on the left and right, is stopped for the period of equipment placement before the equipment is placed. Installation of special equipment on gas lift gas pipeline routes is prohibited.

5.14. Dismantling of the drilling rig from the well pad, transportation of its blocks and assemblies is carried out when the well is stopped in the danger zone. Dimensions and boundaries of hazardous areas, depending on the type of work (lowering of the tower, removal from the point and transportation of the tower-winch unit).

1.3. Persons at least 205 years of age who have undergone special training, have a certificate for the right to drive a particular machine issued by a qualification commission, and also have passed an introductory safety briefing are allowed to work independently on vehicles equipped with a drilling and crane installation (BM-18A at work. A safety briefing at the workplace must be carried out with each change in working conditions, but at least twice a year.

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