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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instruction on labor protection for a gas welder. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General provisions 1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who are recognized as fit for this work by a medical commission and have received special training in safe methods and methods of conducting work, and have a qualification certificate, are allowed to perform gas welding work. 1.2. A gas welder who is hired must undergo an introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, techniques and methods of providing first aid to victims, must be familiarized with the working conditions, rules and benefits for work in harmful and dangerous working conditions. 1.3. Before starting work directly at the workplace, the gas welder must undergo an initial briefing on safe methods of performing work. On the conduct of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for the registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for the registration of briefings on labor protection issues. At the same time, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required. 1.4. A gas welder who is hired, after the initial briefing, must undergo an internship for 2-15 shifts (depending on length of service, experience and nature of work) under the guidance of an experienced qualified gas welder, who is appointed by order (instruction) for the enterprise. 1.5. A gas welder must undergo repeated briefing on the rules and methods of safe work:
1.6. The gas welder must work in overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment provided for by the Model Industry Standards: a cotton suit with flame retardant impregnation or a suit for a welder, canvas gloves, leather boots with protective socks, closed-type goggles. On external robots in winter: a jacket and cotton trousers with insulated lining, felt boots. 1.7. The gas welder must be careful near cables, chains, ropes. 1.8. The gas welder should not step on manhole covers and various ceilings of pits, ditches and pits, so as not to fall into them. 1.9. The gas welder must perform welding work at height from scaffolding and other means of lifting only after the foreman has checked their strength and stability, and also after taking measures to prevent the fire of the decks and the fall of molten metal. 1.10. Illumination of the place of welding should be at least 50 lux. 1.11. Joint laying of welding wires and hoses in common channels (boxes) is prohibited. The distance between them must be at least 1 m. 1.12. The gas welder must be provided with warm bedding made of refractory materials to protect against contact with wet cold ground or metal structures. 1.13. Each gas welding machine must be clearly marked with the registration serial number, the name of the company that produced the gas welding machine, and the date of annual inspections. 1.14. The gas welder has the right to work only on the gas welding machine assigned to him. It is forbidden: to transfer the gas welding machine, cutters, burners, gearboxes, hoses to other persons. 1.15. It is forbidden to use steel tools when servicing the gas welding machine. The gas welder must open drums with calcium carbide using special tools and devices that exclude the possibility of sparks (a bronze chisel or a special knife). 1.16. Opened but not fully used calcium carbide drums must be sealed with lids. 1.17. Gas cylinders must have signal coloring with the name of the gas that fills them. 1.18. To illuminate the workplace for welding work, the gas welder must use a portable lamp with a voltage of no higher than 42 V, and inside the tank, tank, wet rooms - 12 V. 1.19. Electric lighting of gas welder workplaces must be explosion-proof. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. The gas welder must put on overalls, safety shoes and gloves before starting work, and goggles before starting welding. 2.2. The workplace must be free from unnecessary items and flammable materials. 2.3. Before starting work in tanks, wells, the gas welder must make sure that they do not contain harmful explosive gases and ensure their appropriate treatment before starting welding. 2.4. When repairing tanks from fuel and lubricants, a gas welder should carry out welding only after treating them with a 15-20% solution of caustic soda or blowing with dry steam, followed by checking the content of hazardous substances in these containers. By the beginning of gas welding work in the premises, the gas welder must check the presence and serviceability of ventilation. 2.5. Before starting gas welding, the gas welder must check:
3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. When installing a portable acetylene generator, make sure that it is installed in a vertical position. 3.2. The gas welder is prohibited from smoking near the acetylene (gas welding) apparatus or approaching it with fire. 3.3. Water locks of acetylene generators must be in good condition, firmly fixed on the generator body in a clearly vertical position. Do not operate generators without water seals. 3.4. It is forbidden to install acetylene generators and gas cylinders in aisles, driveways, on landings, as well as in crowded places and in unlit places. 3.5. In working premises where temporary works are performed, it is allowed to install only one portable acetylene generator with a capacity of not more than 3 m3 / h, which is serviced by a gas welder under the following conditions:
3.6. It is forbidden to clean, disassemble and assemble the acetylene generator in the common areas of workshops. The gas welder must perform this work in special rooms or in the open air. 3.7. It is forbidden to place portable acetylene generators and gas cylinders in working boiler rooms, forges and similar premises, as well as near air intake points by a fan or compressor. If necessary, welding in such rooms can be performed by supplying acetylene with a rubber hose from a generator or cylinder installed outside this room. 3.8. The length of hoses for gas welding must not exceed 20 m. In installation conditions, it is allowed to increase the length of the hoses up to 40 m. Do not use defective hoses or wrap them with insulating tape or other materials. The minimum length of the connecting hoses must be at least 3 m. Hoses on attached nipples of equipment (torches, cutters, reducers, etc.) must be securely fastened. On the nipple of water locks, the hoses must be put on tightly, but not fixed. Hoses must be used in accordance with their purpose. It is forbidden:
Gas welding hoses must be suspended in such a way as to prevent possible damage. It is forbidden to place them in the aisles and driveways, as well as closer than 1 m from fire and electrical wires. 3.9. When operating portable generators outdoors or in unheated rooms at temperatures below 0°C, measures must be taken to prevent them from freezing. If the water in the generator, water trap or hose freezes, it is necessary to warm them up in a warm room at a distance of at least 10 m from sources of fire, sparks, etc. or hot water (steam). 3.10. After removing the cap from the gas cylinders, the gas welder must check:
It is forbidden to remove caps from the cylinder using a chisel and hammer or other means that can cause a spark. If the cap does not unscrew, the gas welder must report this to the foreman in order to return the cylinder to the manufacturer. 3.11. It is forbidden:
3.12. When connecting the reducer to the oxygen cylinder, the gas welder must inspect the inlet fitting and union nut of the reducer, make sure that the thread of the nut is in good condition, that there are no traces of oil and grease, and that the sealing fiber gasket and filter are present and in good condition on the inlet fitting of the reducer. 3.13. To purge the cylinder fitting, the gas welder must smoothly open the valve for a short time by a quarter or half a turn to remove foreign particles. When opening the valve, it is necessary to stand away from the gas stream. 3.14. It is forbidden to use a gearbox with a defective thread in the union nut, faulty pressure gauges, pressure gauges with expired test dates. 3.15. To open the valve of the acetylene cylinder and to mount the gearbox on it, the gas welder must have a special socket wrench. 3.16. It is forbidden to load calcium carbide of lesser granulation than indicated in the generator passport. Before loading it is necessary to weed out carbide dust. Calcium carbide only needs to be loaded into the basket. Do not load calcium carbide directly into the retort. 3.17. When supplying gas welding stations with acetylene and oxygen from cylinders, it is necessary to install cylinders vertically in special risers, firmly attach them with clamps or chains and protect them from bumps and falls. Cylinders must be installed at a distance of at least 1 m from heating devices and 5 m from heating furnaces and other heat sources. In the area and in the workshops where flame treatment is carried out, it is forbidden to have more than one spare filled cylinder at each post. 3.18. The distance between the oxygen cylinder and the gas generator must be at least 5 m. 3.19. Before igniting the burner (torch), blow out the hoses to remove air with working gases: oxygen - oxygen, acetylene - acetylene. 3.20. All noticed malfunctions at the workplace must be immediately reported to the foreman and work must not be started without his instructions. 3.21. When igniting a hand burner or cutting torch, first open the oxygen valve, then open the acetylene valve, and only after a short purge of the hoses, ignite the combustible gas mixture. When extinguishing, the opposite is true: first close the acetylene valve, then the oxygen valve. 3.22. Do not lubricate the gearbox, burner, cutter with lubricating oil and do not handle them with hands in lubricating oil, as well as store contaminated cleaning materials near them. 3.23. It is forbidden to consume acetylene from generators until the flame of the burner (torch) is completely reduced and attenuated in order to avoid air leakage and the occurrence of a reverse blow. 3.24. In the event of a reverse flame stroke, immediately close the valves on the burner (torch), on the cylinders and the water lock and cool the burner. If the burner (torch) overheats, it is necessary to stop working, and the burner (torch) to be extinguished and cooled until it cools down completely. To cool the burner, it is necessary to have a vessel with clean cold water without traces of oil. During breaks in work, a standpipe with a hook or fork must be used to hang the extinguished burners. 3.25. When using acetylene apparatus, it is prohibited:
3.26. When the generator is running, it is necessary to ensure that there is no leakage of gas from taps, plugs and other connections. Tightness is checked on the pressure gauge scale, and gas leaks are determined only with a soapy solution. It is forbidden to use fire to test the tightness. 3.27. It is forbidden to work without goggles, cotton suits and canvas gloves, as well as to use clothes and gloves contaminated with lubricating oil, gasoline, kerosene. When performing work in closed containers, reservoirs, "blind" and wet basements, the gas welder must work in overalls and have a warning belt with a rope attached to it, the second end of which is at least 2 m long, must be held by a second worker who is outside the container, reservoir. 3.28. It is forbidden to carry out gas welding work on attached ladders. When performing work at height, it is necessary to use a ladder with a specially fenced platform, on which the gas welder must work with a warning belt. It is forbidden to weld outdoors in snowy or rainy weather. 3.29. It is forbidden to work from a portable generator located on the same cart with an oxygen cylinder. 3.30. It is forbidden to conduct gas welding of pipelines, vessels and tanks that are under pressure, regardless of what gas or liquid they are filled with. 3.31. It is possible to perform gas welding or cutting of any parts of electrical equipment only if they are first de-energized and measures are taken to prevent them from being turned on during welding and cutting. When gas welding and cutting near current-carrying devices, the place of work should be protected with shields. 3.32. When gas cutting parts, trusses, beams, frames, scrap metal, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the cut parts from falling onto the workers. 3.33. The portable generator must not be left unattended during operation. During breaks in operation, the burner flame must be extinguished, and the valves on the burner must be tightly closed. During long breaks in work (lunch break, etc.), in addition to the valves on the burner and cutter, close the valves on oxygen and acetylene cylinders or gas stations, and unscrew the gearbox screws until the spring is released. 3.34. It is necessary to transport oxygen and acetylene cylinders only on spring vehicles, as well as on special hand trucks. In summer, oxygen and acetylene cylinders prepared for work must be protected from sunlight and installed on special stands away from passages and other objects. 3.35. Gas sampling from cylinders should be carried out until a residual pressure of at least 0,05 MPa is reached. 3.36. Wooden partitions, which stand at a distance of less than 5 m from the gas welding stations, must be plastered, and the door must be upholstered with asbestos. 3.37. It is forbidden to go out with a lit burner or cutter outside the boundaries of the workplace, as well as climb ladders, scaffolds with them. 3.38. The place of gas welding must be equipped with fire extinguishing means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, boxes with dry sand). 3.39. The acetylene generator must be placed at a distance of at least 10 m from the place of gas welding, as well as from any source of open fire. 4. Safety requirements after finishing work 4.1. Before the end of the work, the gas welder must modify the calcium carbide in the generator, turn off the burners, drain the sludge, rinse the body and retorts with water; clean the generator inside with a hair brush or brass scraper; close the valve on the oxygen cylinder and remove the reducer from it. 4.2. The gas welder must dump the spent calcium carbide (silt) into a specially equipped sludge pit. It is forbidden to open a retort containing hot carbide. This can only be done after the retort has completely cooled down. It is necessary to clean the retort from silt with a brass or aluminum scraper. It is forbidden to leave the generator with an unloaded retort after the end of work. 4.3. Upon completion of work, the gas welder must:
4.4. Discharge the gas generator, turn off the ventilation. 4.5. Remove the torch, cutter, reducer, hoses, tools and devices in the designated place. 4.6. Ventilate the premises. 4.7. Tidy up the workplace, remove scraps from the aisles, put the parts in the allotted place. 4.8. If necessary, show the shift worker your workplace and inform the foreman about the completion of gas welding and about all problems during work. 4.9. Take off overalls, safety shoes, clean them from dust and other dirt, put them in the place designated for storage and change clothes. Then wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower. 5. Safety requirements in emergency situations 5.1. If a gas leak from gas cylinders is detected, the gas welder must immediately stop work, eliminate the gas source, ventilate the premises and determine the cause of its occurrence. It is forbidden to use fire to detect gas leaks from gas cylinders. It is allowed to check the outflow of gas with a soapy solution. 5.2. When acetylene ignites, which is released from wetted calcium carbide, in order to avoid an explosion of the acetylene-air mixture, the gas welder must extinguish the acetylene with a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or dry sand. 5.3. In the event of a fire in the hose, the gas welder must quickly bend it near the place that is on fire, from the side of the reducer or gas generator, and close the cylinder valve. 5.4. In the event that a quick elimination of the fire on their own is not possible, the gas welder must immediately call the fire brigade. 5.5. In case of an accident, the gas welder must provide first aid and, if necessary, call an ambulance, as well as report what has happened to the administration.
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