Instruction on labor protection for a bitumen melter

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instruction on labor protection for a bitumen melter

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Personnel who have passed a medical commission, special technical training and passed an exam are allowed to work as a bitumen smelter. Permission to work independently is documented in writing in the workplace briefing log.

1.2. Before being allowed to work, the fitter must undergo induction training at the workplace. In the future, he must undergo repeated instructions at least once every three months. A worker's knowledge of safety regulations is retested once every 12 months.

1.3. The bitumen melter must comply with:

1) internal labor regulations;

2) fire safety rules;

3) be able to provide first aid in case of an accident;

4) rules of personal hygiene.

1.4. The following rules must be observed on the territory of the construction site:

1) pass only in places designated for passage, indicated by a sign;

2) do not go beyond the fence of hazardous areas;

3) to avoid eye disease, do not look at the open flame of electric welding;

4) do not touch electrical equipment and wiring.

1.5. Beware of burns from heated equipment, as well as splashes of molten bitumen.

1.6. The workplace and passages must be kept clean and free of clutter.

1.7. Tools and fixtures should only be used for their intended purpose.

1.8. Every bitumen smelting plant operator must know the basic rules for providing first aid in various accidents.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, check the condition of the workplace, the absence of foreign objects, and the cleanliness of the workplace.

2.2. Put on the work clothes set out according to the norms, special. shoes.

2.3. Before starting the equipment at idle or operating speed, together with a mechanic, you must check:

1) serviceability of all moving parts of the installation;

2) the absence of foreign objects in the mechanisms;

3) the presence of lubrication;

4) fastening of the main nodes;

5) serviceability of fences;

6) serviceability of starting equipment and signaling

2.4. Before starting up machines, mechanisms and other equipment of bitumen smelting plants, it is necessary to give a warning signal.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Barrels with materials should be rolled, pushing them in front of you, without allowing too much acceleration.

3.2. Loading and unloading barrels with materials from platforms located on the ground follows the tracks using ropes. Barrels weighing up to 35 kg must be loaded and unloaded by two workers without the use of ropes. In both cases, workers must be on the sides of the load being moved.

3.3. Barrels should be stacked with their plugs facing up. Wedges are placed under the outer rows. When laying in two tiers, there should be spacers made of boards between the rows.

3.4. When importing materials by road, the following rules must be observed:

1) workers supervising unloading are allowed to approach dump trucks only after they have completely stopped;

2) standing on the wings, wheels or climbing into the body of a dump truck while it is moving is not permitted;

3) it is forbidden to rest in the places of unloading cars;

4) when opening the sides, in order to avoid bruises, you should be on the sidelines.

3.5. Bitumen should be stored in special storages or under a canopy.

3.6. Liquid bitumen and fuel oil storage facilities must be fenced.

3.7. To prevent burns from hot bitumen, splashes of which are possible when boilers are loaded with pieces of solid bitumen, it is necessary to use special inclined grates along which pieces of bitumen are melted down.

3.8. The boiler must be loaded with molten bitumen to no more than ¾ of the capacity in case it boils over.

3.9. All workers servicing the bitumen smelting installation must work in the special clothing, gloves and goggles required by the standards.

3.10. When loading bitumen, you must be on top of the boilers on an area fenced with railings.

3.11. To avoid people falling into bitumen boilers, after each loading, the boilers should be covered with grates with cells no larger than 15x15 cm.

3.12. With a single-stage system, bitumen is not heated in storage, but in the morning or at night it is cut down and supplied for heating to the site of the bitumen melting plant by transport, crane, and buckets.

3.13. In the boilers of a bitumen melting plant, bitumen is heated to a temperature of 145-170°C, and at air temperatures below +10°C to temperature 165-180°C.

3.14. When foaming bitumen, it is necessary to pump part of it into a spare boiler and mix it intensively with a mechanical stirrer. It is prohibited to pour hot bitumen in buckets from boiler to boiler. To ensure the possibility of pouring foamed bitumen into adjacent boilers, the hatches of bitumen boilers must be connected by metal hatches measuring 2x20 cm.

3.15. Do not carry hot bitumen in open containers.

3.16. Before cleaning or repairing, the boiler must be completely cooled and cleaned using special scrapers through cleaning hatches in the end walls of the boiler.

3.17. Cleaning the boiler or repairing it must be carried out by two workers, one working inside the boiler must wear a safety belt with a strong rope, the end of which is held by a worker observing the work outside the boiler. This work is carried out in the presence of a responsible person.

3.18. When descending into the boiler, you must wear a canvas suit, mittens, boots with wooden soles, and if there is gas, a hose gas mask.

3.19. When servicing bitumen pumps, the following rules must be observed:

1) do not close the control valve during operation;

2) turn on the pump only after the steam jacket of all bitumen pipelines has been completely heated;

3) monitor the bitumen pressure in the line using the pressure gauge reading, and do not allow it to increase above the established value;

4) ensure that valves and taps are securely fastened; when the pump is turned on again, open the valve, bitumen supply is gradual.

3.20. The platform of the injector must be fenced with railings 1,1 m high.

3.21. The area and side wall under the nozzle must be covered with sheet steel and kept clean.

3.22. Spilled fuel should be immediately covered with sand and promptly removed.

3.23. To avoid burns from hot bitumen, pour bitumen into the weighing bucket and release it into the mixer carefully, gradually opening the tap.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If bitumen catches fire in the boiler, you should immediately take measures to extinguish the fire and at the same time notify the fire department. Close the lids and chimney and turn off the firebox. After this, you should extinguish the fire with foam fire extinguishers and sand. It is prohibited to use water when extinguishing bitumen.

4.2. If a bitumen leak is detected from the boiler, immediately stop the furnace and pump the bitumen into other boilers.

4.3. If you receive a burn from hot bitumen, you must cool and wash off the bitumen with kerosene, then with soap and water and bandage the damaged area with a dry sterile bandage, then consult a doctor and notify the work supervisor.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. To stop the equipment:

1) fully develop the mass;

2) turn off the electric motor of the mechanism;

3) clean the equipment and the workplace from the mass.

5.2. Put in order the workplace, equipment, tools, fences, auxiliary and safety devices.

5.3. Remove dust and adhering matter from work clothes and shoes, wash your face and hands with soap, and take a shower.

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