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Instructions on labor protection for the driver of a truck-trailer. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General safety requirements

1.1. Persons who have passed:

• induction training;
• fire safety briefing;
• initial briefing at the workplace;
• electrical safety training in the workplace.

To perform the duties of a truck driver, persons who have a certificate for the right to drive this category of transport, who do not have medical contraindications for this profession, who have reached the age of 18, are allowed.

1.2. The trailer driver must pass:

• repeated briefing on labor safety at the workplace at least every three months;
• unscheduled briefing: when changing the technological process or labor protection rules, replacing or upgrading a truck, fixtures and tools, changing working conditions and organization, in case of violations of labor protection instructions, breaks in work for more than 60 calendar days (for work, to which are subject to increased security requirements - 30 calendar days);
• dispensary medical examination - annually.

1.3. The trailer driver must:

• comply with the internal labor regulations established at the enterprise;
• comply with the requirements of this manual, fire safety instructions, electrical safety instructions;
• comply with the requirements for the operation of the car;
• use for its intended purpose and take care of the issued personal protective equipment.

1.4. When registering a driver for work, a certain truck (trailer) must be assigned to him by order of the enterprise.

1.5. After being hired, the driver is obliged to accept the vehicle according to the act and perform only the work that is assigned by the administration of the transport department.

1.6. The driver must:

• be able to provide first (pre-medical) assistance to the victim in an accident;
• have on the car a first-aid kit for first aid, primary fire extinguishing equipment;
• perform only assigned work and not transfer it to others without the permission of the head of the transport section.
• during work, be attentive, not be distracted and not distract others, do not allow persons who are not related to work to the workplace;
• keep the workplace clean and tidy.

1.7. The driver must know and follow the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, rest only in specially designated areas and places. Drink water only from specially designed installations.

1.8. Stop the vehicle immediately if you detect malfunctions of the vehicle, fixtures, tools and other shortcomings or hazards in the workplace. Only after eliminating the noticed shortcomings, continue working on the car.

1.9. If a fire is detected or in the event of a fire:

• stop the car, turn off the ignition, turn off the valves of the gas pipeline and fuel and lubricants;
• start extinguishing the fire with the available primary fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with the fire safety instructions. In case of a threat to life - leave the premises.

1.10. In case of an accident, provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, immediately report the incident to the foreman or head of the shop, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (accident), if this does not create a danger to others.

1.11. For non-compliance with the safety requirements set forth in this manual, the worker is liable in accordance with applicable law.

1.12. In accordance with the "Model industry standards for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to workers and employees", a truck driver must be provided with cotton overalls (wearing period 12 months), combined two-fingered mittens (wearing period 6 months)

1.13. The main dangerous and harmful production factors are:

• Moving and rotating parts and components of the car;
• hot surfaces of the engine, cooling system, muffler, etc.
• exhaust gases resulting from the combustion of fuels and lubricants;
• Collision with another vehicle or collision with people;
• · falling of freight at loading and unloading works and transportation.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Make sure that it is in good working order and put on serviceable special clothes, fastening it with all buttons, put your hair under a headdress.

2.2. Visual inspection to make sure the car is in full working order and check:

• the technical condition of the car and trailer, paying special attention to the serviceability of the tires, brake system, steering, coupling devices of the road train, lighting and signaling devices, windshield wipers, the correct installation of the rear-view mirror, the cleanliness and visibility of license plates and their duplicate inscriptions;
• no leakage of fuel, oil and water, and for gas-balloon vehicles for tightness of gas equipment and lines;
• air pressure in tires in accordance with the norms;
• the availability of serviceable tools and fixtures;
• filling the car with fuel, oil, water, brake fluid and electrolyte level in the battery.

2.3. To start a cold engine, use the starting handle with the gear lever in neutral position. It is not allowed to grasp the handle or use any levers acting on it.

2.4. After starting or warming up the engine, it is necessary to check on the go the operation of the steering and brakes, the operation of the "STOP" signal, turns, lighting, as well as the sound signal.

2.5. In case of detection of malfunctions, do not go to the line until they are completely eliminated and inform the administration of the motor transport department about this.

2.6. Refuel the car with fuel after stopping the engine.

2.7. When running a car on leaded gasoline, observe the following rules:

• operations for the acceptance, refueling of the car and pumping of leaded gasoline to be carried out mechanized, being on the windward side of the car;
• purge the fuel system with a pump;
• if leaded gasoline gets on your hands, wash them with kerosene, and then with warm water and soap;
• If leaded petrol comes into contact with eyes, seek immediate medical attention.

2.8. Open the radiator cap after the engine has cooled down, protect your hands and face from burns.

2.9. In order to increase safety, the connection of the vehicle with the trailer should be by means of a rigid drawbar fixed to the frame of the vehicle with a king pin with a nut. Connect the king pin to the drawbar so that it can turn freely; the axis of the drawbar of the trailer in its horizontal position must be at the same level with the pivot.

3. Safety requirement during operation

3.1. Before starting to move from the place of stop (parking) or leaving the garage, make sure that it is safe for workers and other unauthorized persons and give a warning signal.

3.2. Be alert and careful when reversing. In case of insufficient visibility or visibility, you should take the help of another person.

3.3. The speed of movement should be selected taking into account road conditions, visibility and visibility, the intensity and nature of the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, the characteristics and condition of the vehicle and the cargo being transported.

3.4. Follow traffic safety requirements and instructions of traffic controllers in accordance with the "Rules of the Road".

3.5. It is allowed to leave the car only after taking measures that exclude the possibility of its movement during the absence of the driver.

3.6. When repairing a car on the line, take precautions: pull over to the side of the road, turn on the rear light in case of poor visibility, stop the car using the parking brake system, engage first gear, put stops under the wheels. When working on the side of the road, stay under the vehicle on the opposite side of the roadway. Do not allow persons who do not have the right to repair the car (loaders, accompanying passengers, etc.).

3.7. Before loading and unloading operations, the vehicle must be braked using the parking brake system and engaged in first gear or reverse for the entire period of work.

3.8. During mechanized loading of oversized cargo onto a vehicle or loading by an excavator, it is not allowed to be in the body or cab of the vehicle.

3.9. Serve the car to the loading and unloading rack, if it has fences or a crash bar.

3.10. When uncoupling trailers, put wooden shoes under the wheels, and a stop rod under the drawbar. In the event that the driver or persons accompanying the car under certain circumstances of work are placed in conditions dangerous to life and health, immediately stop work, inform the administration of the transport department.

3.11. The driver is not allowed:

• driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs;
• leave for a flight in a sick condition or with such a degree of fatigue that may affect traffic safety;
• when the car is parked, sleep and rest in the cab with the engine running or start the engine to heat the cab; transfer control of the car to unauthorized persons;
• carry out maintenance and repair of the vehicle during loading and unloading;
• to transport passengers in a car not equipped for the transportation of people, as well as travel in the cabin of people in excess of the established norm for this type of car;
• carry out towing of the car in order to start the engine;
• heat the engine with an open flame, as well as when identifying and eliminating malfunctions of mechanisms;
• wipe the engine with a rag soaked in gasoline and smoke in the immediate vicinity of the engine power system and fuel tanks.

3.13. When placing the car at a service station that does not have a forced movement, or repair, tighten the parking brake lever and engage first gear. Hang a sign on the steering wheel "Do not start the engine! People are working!"

3.14. When repairing a car, keep the workplace clean and not clutter up with foreign objects. Drain oil and water only into a special container.

3.15. When performing repair work on a dump truck with a raised body, first strengthen the body with a bar.

3.16. Lift the car with a jack without distortions (the jack must stand vertically, rest on the ground with the entire plane of the sole, the head of the jack must rest with the entire plane against the axis or in a specially fixed place, if the ground is soft, put a board under the jack, put shoes under the rest of the wheels).

3.17. To remove and install heavy components and assemblies, use lifting and transport vehicles, without exceeding the maximum carrying capacity of these vehicles.

3.18. For disassembly and assembly work, use only serviceable fixtures and tools. Moisten nuts that are difficult to unscrew with kerosene, and then unscrew them with a wrench.

3.19. Check the alignment of the hole of the spring eyelet and the earring only with the help of a beard.

3.20. Tighten the fan belt, check the fastening of the water pump and tighten the oil seals only after the engine has completely stopped.

3.21. Work related to the replacement and rearrangement of tires, springs should be performed only after the car is installed on the trestle.

3.22. Remove the tire from the wheel disk using a puller, inflate the tires in the safety device. When inflating tires on the line, lay the wheel with the key ring to the ground.

3.23. When transporting tractors or bulldozers on a trailer when crossing bridges, the maximum permissible load of which is not specified, it is allowed only after agreement with the organization in charge of the bridge.

3.24. In the event of a forced stop on the road, the car should be protected; during the day - red flags, at night - red lanterns.

3.25. All work related to the transportation of machines is performed by a team of riggers.

3.26. During transportation, the rigging team includes a tractor driver who is responsible for the safe movement of the road train and in his work is guided by the rules of the ORUD and the safety regulations for vehicles.

3.27. It is possible to transport machines during icy conditions or on steep slopes only under the guidance of a foreman and with additional allocation of a tractor.

3.28. During the movement of the road train, sharp turns, overtaking moving vehicles and exceeding the permitted speed are prohibited. The trailer must be coupled to the tractor with a rigid tug.

3.29. Transportation of cars under high-voltage power lines is allowed only under the supervision of engineers.

3.30. To transport machines on a trailer, it is necessary to roll them onto the vehicle using a winch or under their own power along inclined guide bars laid on decks. At the trailer, they should be installed in the rear end part. The bars must be strong enough, securely fastened and properly laid.

3.31. The entrance should be arranged in the form of a sleeper section with a slope of no more than 15 degrees. The flooring must be well stapled.

3.32. During loading and unloading of machines, it is necessary to ensure that:

• the truck and trailer were put on the brakes, and there were pads under the wheels.
• the loading area was cleared and freed from foreign objects.
• so that the power line does not pass.
• The loading area must be well lit.
• the installed sleeper cage was appropriate for the dimensions and weight of the machine to be loaded.
• there were no strangers in the loading area of ​​the machine.

3.33. The machine loaded on the trailer must be firmly fixed with stops and wire with a diameter of at least 6 mm.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of a forced stop on the road, the trailer should be fenced off; during the day - red flags, at night - red lanterns.

4.2. A trailer driver involved in a traffic accident that caused an accident (hitting people or a collision with another vehicle) must immediately inform the traffic police, the head of the ACS or the dispatcher; provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (accident) until the arrival of the traffic police, if this does not create a danger to others.

4.3. It is possible to take a faulty car in tow with the help of special devices after the permission of the traffic police inspector.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. After returning from the line, together with the mechanic of the transport department, check the car. If necessary, draw up an application for current repairs with a list of faults to be eliminated.

5.2. Clean the car and trailer from dirt and dust, put them in the designated place, make sure that there is no possibility of fire and tighten the parking brake lever.

5.3. Hand over the waybill to the dispatcher or responsible person.

5.4. Remove and put special clothes in the closet, wash hands and face with soap and water, take a shower. Do not use chemicals for washing.

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