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Instructions on labor protection for an electrician on the repair of overhead power lines. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. To work as an electrician for the repair of overhead power lines (hereinafter referred to as an electrician), persons at least 18 years old who have undergone a medical examination and are recognized as fit to perform the above work are allowed.

1.2. An electrician, when hiring, must undergo introductory briefings on labor protection and fire safety.

1.3. Prior to being appointed to work independently, you must pass:

• necessary theoretical background;
• initial briefing at the workplace;
• on-the-job training;
• verification of knowledge of this Instruction and other documents in the amount and terms established by the management of the enterprise.

1.4. After completing the initial briefing at the workplace and testing knowledge, you should sign in the relevant journals and receive a certificate of knowledge testing, which should indicate the assigned electrical safety group, as well as the rights to perform special work (climbing work, replacing live insulators, repairing wires energized, cable lubrication, control of hoisting mechanisms, etc.), if assigned.

1.5. After completing the training under clause 1.3, the electrician can begin independent work on the basis of the relevant written order for the structural unit.

An independently working electrician must have an electrical safety group (hereinafter referred to as the group) not lower than II.

1.6. The electrician must pass in the process of work:

• current briefing before work;
• periodic briefings (at least once a month);
• fire drills (at least once every six months);
• verification of knowledge of this Instruction (once a year) and other documents within the time limits established by the list approved by the management;
• medical examination (once every two years or once a year if you have access to certain types of special work);
• unscheduled briefing or extraordinary testing of knowledge as directed by the management.

1.7. During the work of an electrician, the following dangerous and harmful production factors may occur:

• increased value of voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body when approaching a distance less than permissible to non-insulated live parts and equipment elements under voltage, as well as when moving and working in the areas of spreading of the earth fault current, the influence of an electric field and induced voltage;
• increased intensity of electric and magnetic fields when working on overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV and above;
• the location of the workplace at a considerable height relative to the surface of the earth;
• insufficient illumination of the working area when working indoors and outdoors at night;
• increased or decreased air temperature of the working area, as well as surfaces of equipment and materials when performing work outdoors;
• high or low air humidity, as well as strong wind when working outdoors;
• moving machines and mechanisms, moving and lifting elements of equipment, tensioned wires and cables;
• collapsing structures and elements of equipment in the process of performing work and in emergency situations;
• sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of workpieces, tools, equipment;
• chemically hazardous and harmful substances during soldering, welding, painting, work with antiseptic wood and waterproofing work.

1.8. To protect against exposure to hazardous and harmful factors, it is necessary to use appropriate protective equipment and overalls in accordance with current industry standards.

Applied protective equipment and overalls must comply with the standards and specifications for their manufacture.

1.9. To protect against the passage of current through the body, electrical protective equipment is used: dielectric gloves, boots, galoshes, carpets, stands, linings, caps, portable and special grounding, insulating rods, voltage indicators, plumbing and assembly tools with insulating handles.

1.10. When working in the zone of influence of the electric field, it is necessary to limit the time spent in this zone, depending on the level of the electric field strength, or to use shielding devices or shielding sets of clothing.

1.11. In case of insufficient illumination of the working area, additional local lighting should be used.

1.12. The electrician must use the received overalls and safety shoes for their intended purpose:

• cotton suit, tarpaulin boots, rubber boots for work in wetlands, canvas mittens;
• for outdoor work in winter (according to climatic zones) - a jacket and cotton trousers with an insulating lining, felt boots, warm cotton mittens;
• when working on wooden supports impregnated with antiseptics - cotton overalls with special impregnation.

If necessary, in wet weather, you can use duty overalls - a rubberized half raincoat.

1.13. When performing work on overhead lines, it is necessary to use protective paint.

1.14. When working with flammable liquids (flammable liquids), it is necessary to ensure fire safety: do not smoke, do not use open flames, do not allow sparks, including electric sparks, to occur while working near flammable liquids.

1.15. You should smoke in designated smoking areas.

1.16. When carrying out hot work (welding, soldering), it is necessary to ensure fire safety by complying with the requirements of the "Instructions on fire safety measures during hot work at power facilities of the USSR Ministry of Energy" (M.; KHOZU Minenergo, 1985).

1.17. Thermite cartridges and matches are flammable and explosive. To avoid fire, thermite cartridges must be transported in their original packaging in a car equipped with a covered body or covered with a tarpaulin. The body of the car should not contain combustible and lubricants, as well as foreign cargo. When transporting, loading and unloading boxes with thermite cartridges and matches, strong shaking and throwing should not be allowed.

1.18. In the event of an accident, you should immediately begin to provide first aid, seek medical attention and report the incident to the administration. It is necessary to be able to properly provide assistance to the victim before the arrival of medical personnel, as well as take measures to preserve the situation in which the accident occurred, if this does not threaten people's lives and the trouble-free operation of equipment.

1.19. Noticed malfunctions of equipment, devices and tools that pose a danger to yourself and others must be reported to your supervisor (or higher) and do not start work without his permission.

1.20. The following hygiene requirements must be observed:

• wash hands with soap before eating and smoking;
• do not use gasoline, kerosene and various solvents for washing hands;
• do not eat at the workplace;
• keep overalls and personal protective equipment clean and store them separately from household and personal items.

1.21. It is unacceptable to drink alcoholic beverages during work, on the territory and in the premises of the enterprise, as well as to appear at work in a state of intoxication.

1.22. It is necessary to comply with the start and end times of work, as well as break times for rest and meals, established by the Internal Labor Regulations of the enterprise.

1.23. Each electrician must comply with all the requirements set forth in this Instruction, and when performing special work or combining professions, also the requirements of the relevant labor protection instructions.

1.24. For violation of the requirements of this Instruction, the guilty person may be subject to disciplinary liability. If the violation is associated with causing property damage to the enterprise, then the perpetrator bears material liability in the manner prescribed by law.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Workplace preparation procedure

2.1.1. Before starting work in the workshop, you need to inspect your workplace and prepare it for work:

• remove unnecessary parts and objects that interfere with work;
• free the passage if it is cluttered;
• adjust the local lighting so that the working area is sufficiently lit and the light does not blind the eyes;
• Arrange tools and accessories in such a way as to avoid injury.

2.1.2. An electrician can participate in the preparation of a workplace on an overhead line on behalf of the issuer of the work permit (hereinafter referred to as the work order) or order as an admitting, work foreman (supervisor) or combining their duties.

Allowing in electrical installations up to 1000 V must have group III for electrical safety, and above 1000 V - group IV.

The foreman of work performed side by side in electrical installations above 1000 V must have group IV, in electrical installations up to 1000 V - group III, except for work under voltage, during which the foreman must have group IV. The foreman of work performed by order in all electrical installations may have group III, with the exception of short-term (no more than one hour) and urgent work, when the foreman of work of group IV is required.

In cases where the foreman combines the duties of an admitting person, he must prepare the workplace with one of the members of the team who has group III.

The observer must have group III.

2.1.3. The preparation of the workplace on the overhead line is carried out in strict accordance with the work permit after obtaining permission from the duty or authorized worker. Permission must be obtained before starting work site preparation or admission, but not beforehand. If there is doubt about the possibility of safe performance of work or the sufficiency and correctness of the measures for the preparation of the workplace, this preparation should be stopped.

2.1.4. When preparing the workplace, organizational and technical measures should be taken to ensure the safe performance of work, in the following sequence:

• an oral or written (order) work order has been received;
• permission for the preparation of the workplace and for admission;
• disconnected current-carrying parts on which work will be carried out, and unshielded current-carrying parts, to which people, mechanisms and lifting machines can approach at a distance less than that specified in table 1;
• disconnected transformers associated with the place of work, to exclude the possibility of reverse transformation;
• measures have been taken to prevent erroneous or spontaneous switching on of switching equipment by locking the manual drives of switching devices with a mechanical lock, disconnecting control circuits; closing buttons, installing insulating pads between the contacts of the switching device, busbars, etc.;
• safety signs and posters were posted on the drives and control keys of switching devices and fences;
• portable grounding is connected to the grounding device;
• the absence of voltage on the current-carrying parts to be grounded was checked by a serviceable voltage indicator; in installations with a voltage of 35-220 kV - with an insulating rod; in installations with a voltage of 330 kV and above - by visual tracking according to the scheme;
• portable grounding is installed or grounding knives are switched on.

2.1.5. When preparing the workplace, wiring or disconnection of wires can be performed with group III. In this case, the current-carrying parts closest to the workplace, accessible to touch, must be de-energized or they must be fenced.

2.1.6. The off position of switching devices up to 1000 V with contacts inaccessible for inspection should be determined by checking the absence of voltage at their terminals or at the outgoing buses, wires or terminals of the equipment switched on by these switching devices.

2.1.7. The poster "Do not turn on! Work on the line" must be hung out in electrical installations up to and above 1000 V on the drives, keys and control buttons of those switching devices, if turned on by mistake, voltage can be applied to the overhead line. On connections up to 1000 V that do not have automatic switches or knife switches, the poster should be hung out at the removed fuses.

2.1.8. For temporary fencing of live parts that remain energized, shields, screens, screens, etc., made of wood or other insulating materials, can be used.

2.1.9. When installing temporary fences, the distance from them to live parts under voltage must be at least indicated in the table. In electrical installations of 6-10 kV, this distance, if necessary, can be reduced to 0,35 m.

2.1.10. In electrical installations of 6-15 kV, in cases where it is impossible to protect the current-carrying parts with shields, it is allowed to use insulating pads placed between disconnected and energized live parts (for example, between the contacts of a disconnected disconnector). These insulating pads may touch live parts under voltage.

2.1.11. Two electricians with groups IV and III (one from the operating personnel) should install and remove the overlays, using dielectric gloves and insulating rods or tongs.

2.1.12. It is possible to check the absence of voltage in electrical installations up to 1000 V by one employee with group III, and in electrical installations above 1000 V - with group IV.

On overhead lines, two workers must perform a voltage absence check: on overhead lines above 1000 V - with groups IV and III, on overhead lines up to 1000 V with group III.

Table 1. Permissible distances to live parts under voltage, m

* Constant current.

2.1.13. It is necessary to check the absence of voltage with a voltage indicator corresponding to the voltage of the electrical installation, the serviceability of which must be established before use using special devices intended for this purpose or by approaching current-carrying parts located nearby and obviously energized.

In electrical installations of 35 kV and above, to check the absence of voltage, you can use an insulating rod by touching it with live parts. A sign of no voltage is the absence of sparking and crackling.

2.1.14. It is necessary to check the absence of voltage with a two-pole indicator in electrical installations up to 1000 V with a grounded neutral both between phases and between each phase and a grounded equipment case or grounding (grounding) conductor.

It is allowed to use a previously checked voltmeter.

2.1.15. It is allowed to check the absence of voltage by reconciling the circuit in kind on overhead lines of 330 kV and above, as well as on all overhead lines in fog, rain, snowfall in the absence of special voltage indicators.

2.1.16. Devices signaling the disconnected position of the device, blocking devices, constantly on voltmeters, etc. are only additional means of confirming the absence of voltage, and on the basis of their testimony it is impossible to conclude that there is no voltage.

2.1.17. On overhead lines with wires suspended at different levels, check the absence of voltage with a pointer or rod and grounding should be installed from the bottom up, starting from the bottom wire. With a horizontal suspension of wires, the absence of voltage check and the installation of grounding must be started from the nearest wire.

2.1.18. Install portable grounding in switchgear should be two employees. One must have group IV (or III in electrical installations up to 1000 V), and the other - group III. Portable grounding can be removed solely by an employee with group III. Grounding knives can be operated by one person: turn on, having group IV, and turn off - group III.

2.1.19. Grounded live parts must be separated from live parts under voltage by a visible break. Installed grounds can be separated from live parts on which work is carried out by disconnected switches, disconnectors, separators or load switches, removed fuses, dismantled busbars or wires.

Grounding must be installed directly at the workplace if live parts are located in the zone of induced voltage.

2.1.20. To ground current-carrying parts, factory-made portable grounds should be used.

2.1.21. Overhead lines above 1000 V must be grounded from all switchgears and at sectional switching devices where the line is disconnected.

Requirements for the installation of grounding on overhead lines when working in the span of intersections with other overhead lines, on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line, on overhead lines under induced voltage and during phase-by-phase repairs are given in section 3.

Allowed:

• Overhead lines of 35 kV and above with branches should not be grounded at substations connected to these branches, provided that the overhead line is grounded on both sides, and at these substations, grounding is installed behind disconnected line disconnectors;
• 6-20 kV overhead lines should be grounded only in one switchgear or at one sectioning device or on the support closest to the switchgear or sectioning device. In the remaining switchgears of this voltage and at sectioning devices, where the overhead line is turned off, it is allowed not to ground it, provided that groundings are installed on the overhead line between the workplace and this switchgear or sectioning devices. On overhead lines, these groundings should be installed on supports with grounding devices;
• on overhead lines up to 1000 V, it is enough to install grounding only at the workplace.

2.1.22. In addition to the groundings specified in clause 2.19, wires of all phases, and, if necessary, cables, must be grounded at the workplace of each team.

2.1.23. For wire lying in metal rollers or in support clamps, it is enough to ground the cages of these rollers or clamps. With natural metal contact between the roller cage or clamp and the structure of the metal support, as well as the grounded reinforcement of the reinforced concrete support, additional grounding of the roller or clamp is not required.

2.1.24. When installing wires in the anchor span, as well as after connecting the loops on the anchor supports of the mounted section of the overhead line, the wires (cables) must be grounded at the initial anchor support and at one of the final intermediate supports.

2.1.25. It is forbidden to ground the wires (cables) on the final anchor support of the mounted anchor span, as well as the mounted section of the overhead line, in order to avoid the transfer of potential (from lightning discharges and other overvoltages) from the wires (cables) of the finished section of the overhead line to the next, mounted its section.

2.1.26. For work in the zone of induced voltage, the number and location of protective grounding should be selected based on the requirement to ensure that the contact voltage on the wire at the work site is not more than 42 V. If it is impossible to reduce the voltage to 42 V, grounding must be installed in accordance with clause 3.1.37 of this Instruction.

2.1.27. On overhead lines with split wires, it is allowed to ground only one wire in each phase; in the presence of insulating spacers, all phase wires are required to be grounded.

2.1.28. On single-circuit overhead lines, grounding at the workplace must be installed on the support on which work is being carried out, or on the adjacent one. It is allowed to install groundings on both sides of the overhead line section on which the team works, provided that the distance between groundings does not exceed 2 km.

2.1.29. For work on a lightning protection cable isolated from a support or on support structures, when approaching this cable at a distance of less than 1,0 m is required, the cable must be grounded. Grounding must be installed towards the span where the cable is insulated, or in this span.

If ice melting is provided on this cable, before starting work, the cable must be disconnected and grounded from those sides from where it can be energized.

2.1.30. Portable grounding should be connected: on metal supports - to their elements, on reinforced concrete and wooden supports with grounding slopes - to these slopes after checking their integrity.

In electrical networks up to 1000 V with a grounded neutral, if there is a re-grounding of the neutral wire, it is allowed to connect portable grounds to the neutral wire.

Places of connection of portable grounding to grounding conductors or to structures must be cleaned of paint.

Portable grounding at the workplace can be connected to a grounding conductor immersed vertically in the ground at least 0,5 m.

2.1.31. On overhead lines up to 1000 V, during work performed from supports or from a telescopic tower without an insulating link, grounding must be installed both on the wires of the repaired line, and on all wires suspended on these supports, including uninsulated wires of radio transmission lines and telemechanics.

2.1.32. On overhead lines disconnected for repair, install and then remove portable grounding and turn on the grounding knives available on the supports should be employees from among the operational and repair personnel: one - with group IV (on overhead lines above 1000 V) or with group III (on VL up to 1000 V), the second - with group III. It is allowed to use a second person (with group III) from among the repair personnel, and on the overhead lines supplying the consumer, from the consumer's personnel.

It is allowed to turn off the grounding knives by one employee (with group III) from the operational and repair personnel.

At the workplaces of overhead lines, portable grounding can be installed by the worker with a team member who has group III. These portable groundings can be removed by order of the foreman by two members of the team (with group III).

2.1.33. On the overhead line, when checking the absence of voltage, installing and removing groundings, one of the two workers must be on the ground and monitor the other.

2.1.34. It is possible to carry out work permits in electrical installations up to 1000 V, having group III, and in electrical installations above 1000 V group IV.

2.1.35. The admission of the brigade to work should be carried out at a prepared workplace after obtaining permission from the duty or authorized worker.

2.1.36. Before admission, the admitting person must make sure that technical measures have been taken to prepare the workplace according to the operational scheme, according to reports from the on-duty operational and repair personnel and consumer personnel, or by personal inspection at the work site.

2.1.37. The foreman (supervisor) before admission must accept the workplace from the admitting person, having found out from him what measures were taken in preparing this place, and personally check this preparation. Testing should only be carried out at the workplace.

The work foreman must check the preparation of workplaces together with the work supervisor or with the admitting one, and if the work supervisor is not appointed, then only with the admitting one.

2.1.38. The admission is carried out after checking the preparation of the workplace. In this case, the applicant must:

• check the compliance of the composition of the brigade specified in the order or order according to personal certificates;
• familiarize the brigade with the content of the outfit, conduct a briefing and indicate the boundaries of the workplace, show the equipment closest to the workplace and live parts that are prohibited to approach, regardless of whether they are energized or not.

Prove to the brigade that there is no voltage by showing the installed grounds, and where these grounds are not visible from the workplace, by checking for the absence of voltage.

2.1.39. When admitting by order or order, it is necessary to receive instruction from the admitting person, and before starting work - from the foreman.

The foreman of the work must instruct on the measures for the safe conduct of work, including their technology, the use of tools, devices, mechanisms and hoisting machines.

Before starting work on clearing the overhead line route, the work foreman is obliged to warn all members of the team about the danger of falling trees, ropes, etc. being felled. to the wires VL.

The permitter and the foreman must arrange for briefings and a permit indicating the date and time (Table 3 of the "Safety Rules for the Operation of Electrical Installations" - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1966).

The admission is issued in both copies of the order, of which one remains with the foreman, and the second - with the admission from among the duty or operational and repair personnel.

When the work foreman combines the duties of an admission, the admission is issued in one copy of the order.

2.1.40. When clearing the overhead line route, the workplace must be cleared before the felling of trees. In winter, for the rapid departure of a falling tree, two paths 5-6 m long should be laid in the snow at an angle to the line of its fall in the direction opposite to the fall.

2.1.41. Before starting welding near combustible structures and materials (wooden supports, scaffolding, etc.), the workplace must be cleared of combustible materials. To exclude contact of a burning thermite match and a checker with combustible structures and materials, sheet asbestos, steel sheet, etc. must be placed under them.

2.2. Checking protective equipment, instruments, tools and fixtures.

2.2.1. The overalls used must be put in order: fasten the sleeves, tuck in the clothes so that there are no hanging ends, remove the hair under a tight-fitting headgear or helmet.

2.2.2. Verify:

• completeness and suitability of protective equipment at the workplace;
• absence of external damage (integrity of the lacquer coating of insulating protective equipment, absence of punctures, cracks, tears and foreign inclusions in dielectric gloves and other protective equipment made of rubber and plastic, integrity of goggle glasses);
• the strength of the connection of parts, the strength and integrity of assemblies and parts intended for reliable installation or fastening of a safety fitter's belt;
• serviceability of the lock on the carabiner of the safety belt, as well as the presence of a locking device and a safety rope;
• the condition of the fabric, seams, contact elements and soles, as well as the reliability of contact connections between the elements of the shielding clothing set;
• date of the next test (expiration date) according to the stamp.

2.2.3. Means of protection that have expired should be withdrawn from use and not allowed to be used.

2.2.4. Before using the product, the protection must be cleaned and wiped from dust.

2.2.5. Check the availability and serviceability of the tool at the workplace, which must meet the following requirements:

• handles of pliers, needle nose pliers and wire cutters must have protective insulation;
• the working part of the screwdriver must be well sharpened, the handle is made of insulating material, an insulating tube is put on the screwdriver shaft, leaving only the working part of the screwdriver open;
• wrenches must have parallel jaws and correspond to the size indicated on them, the working surfaces of the keys must not have knocked down bevels, and the handles must not have burrs;
• the shovel must have a smooth handle, firmly fixed in the holder and cut obliquely to the plane of the shovel in the part protruding from the holder;
• scrap should be straight with drawn and pointed ends;
• files must have handles with metal rings;
• the vise must be firmly fixed on the workbench, have an unfinished notch on the jaws; the moving parts of the vise must move without jamming, jerking and securely fixed in the required position; the grip of the vise and overhead straps should not have nicks and burrs; the vise must have a device that prevents the lead screw from completely unscrewing from the nut;
• the saw blade (for metal, wood) must be polished and not have cracks, bulges, longitudinal waviness, corrosion shells;
• the handles of the hammer, sledgehammer and ax must have an oval shape along the entire length, be smooth without knots and cracks, strengthened in the tool with a metal wedge. The strikers of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth, slightly convex surface, free of gouges, chips, potholes, cracks and burrs;
• the power tool must not have damage to the plug connection, cable or its protective tube, the working part of the tool, the brush holder cover; cracks in the body part, handle, protective fence. The switch must work clearly, there must be no sparks on the collector brushes, grease must not flow out of the gearbox and ventilation ducts; there should be no smoke or smell characteristic of burning insulation, increased noise, knocking, vibration;
• the toolholders of abrasive and CBN tools must have a platform of sufficient size to ensure a stable position of the workpiece. The hand rests must be installed so that the upper point of contact of the product with the grinding wheel is above the horizontal plane passing through the center of the wheel, but not more than 10 mm. The gap between the edge of the hand rest and the working surface of the grinding wheel should be less than half the thickness of the workpiece to be sanded, but not more than 3 mm. The edges of the handpieces on the side of the grinding wheel should not have potholes, chips or other defects.

2.2.6. Store the working tool in a portable tool box or bag.

2.2.7. Check the serviceability of the devices and devices at the workplace.

2.2.8. Insulated wires used during operation should not have insulation damage, stranded bare wires should not have broken and burnt cores, special lugs on the wires should be well reinforced, and made of insulating materials should not have damage, chips, cracks, foreign inclusions.

2.2.9. Portable lamps should be used only factory-made with a voltage of no higher than 42 V, and in places of especially dangerous (damp rooms, pits, wells, metal structures, etc.) - no higher than 12 V. A hand-held portable lamp must have a metal mesh to protect the lamp and hose wire with a plug, the design of which excludes the possibility of plugging it into a socket connected to a mains voltage higher than 42 V.

2.2.10. The foreman must inspect the stairs before using them.

When examining metal stairs, you should make sure that there are no deformations of the nodes, cracks in the metal, burrs, sharp edges, and violations of the fastening of the steps to the bowstrings.

Steps of attached wooden ladders must be cut into bowstrings, which are fastened with coupling bolts at least every 2 m. With a ladder length of more than 3 m, there must be at least two tie bolts. The length of the attached wooden ladder should be no more than 5 m. The lower ends of the ladder should have stops in the form of sharp metal spikes or rubber tips, depending on the hardness of the surface at the installation site of the ladder.

The upper ends of the ladder attached to pipes or wires must have special hooks for grabbing them. Sliding ladders must have reliable locking devices.

Before starting work, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the ladder, make sure by inspection and testing that it cannot slip or be accidentally moved.

When installing a ladder in conditions where displacement of its upper end is possible, the latter must be securely fastened to stable structures.

2.2.11. For assembly claws and manholes, it is necessary to check the strength of the welds, the integrity of the hard-alloy inserts of the spikes, the safety of the belt stitching and the reliability of the buckles, the presence of locknuts and cotter pins, the reliability of fixing the end of the double spring tape on the drum of the worm gear, the reliability of fixing the tip of the cable loop of universal manholes in the socket of the mechanism housing , the serviceability of which is checked by rotating the handle of the worm mechanism.

2.2.12. It is necessary to make sure that the blocks, chain hoists and the ropes attached to them are tested and have a metal tag indicating the number of the block or chain hoist, load capacity and the date of the next test; check the general condition of the blocks and their individual elements (rollers, necks, bearings), the fastening of the rope to the block, the lubrication of the rollers and their rotation on the axis, and pay attention to the inner surface of the hook mouth, where cracks most often appear, to the condition of the rope equipped with a chain hoist , and the cleanliness of the channels for lubrication in the axes of the rollers.

It is necessary to install and fasten winches, pulleys and chain hoists in accordance with the PPR or other technological documents containing safety requirements and tied to the conditions of the work performed.

2.2.13. Check the absence of rot, burning, mold, knots, fraying, dents, tears, cuts and other defects on the ropes used from plant fibers. Each turn of the rope should be clearly distinguished, the twist should be uniform. Hemp ropes should not have frayed or mashed strands.

2.2.14. When inspecting rack and pinion jacks, it is necessary to make sure that the teeth, gears and racks, screw threads, ratchet, pawls, ratchet are in good condition, that there are no cracks, broken parts and burrs on the body; the absence of knocked down and worn notches on the supporting surfaces of the head and paws; the presence of spikes on the end surface of the jack body, preventing slipping on the linings. When checking the rack jacks, it is necessary to make sure that the braking device is in good condition.

2.2.15. Protective equipment, devices, tools and devices that have defects must be withdrawn from use and reported to the work manager.

2.3. Industrial sanitation requirements

2.3.1. The workplace and equipment in the service area should be well lit.

At night, you can work and move only in illuminated places in the absence of glare from lighting devices or with a flashlight.

2.3.2. When working in the field, it is necessary to have a supply of water for drinking and washing hands.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Methods and techniques for the safe performance of work, rules for using equipment

3.1.1. When repairing overhead power lines, it is necessary to know the safety measures for performing work, as well as equipment maintenance instructions.

3.1.2. The overhaul of overhead lines must be carried out, guided by technological maps or a project for the production of works (PPR).

3.1.3. Work must be carried out according to order or order, not allowing the expansion of jobs and the scope of the task. In doubtful cases, an explanation should be obtained from the employee issuing the task. When receiving an assignment for an unfamiliar job, it is necessary to undergo an additional (extraordinary) briefing on the safe methods of its implementation. Orders should not be obeyed if following them could endanger oneself or others.

3.1.4. By order can be performed:

• work on current-carrying parts that do not require voltage relief, including lifting up to 3 m from ground level, counting to the lower limbs of a person; without dismantling the structural parts of the support; with digging of support posts to a depth of 0,5 m; for clearing the overhead line route, when it is not necessary to take measures to prevent felled trees from falling on the wires, or when the cutting of branches and branches is not associated with a dangerous approach of people to the wires, with the possibility of branches and branches falling on the wires;
• short-term work lasting no more than one hour (for disconnecting or connecting wires of 0,4 kV overhead lines, checking the heating and vibration of current-carrying parts, measuring with electrical clamps) as part of a team of no more than three people;
• urgent work lasting no more than one hour to eliminate malfunctions that threaten to disrupt the normal operation of electrical installations, power supply to consumers.

3.1.5. One employee with group II can perform the following work by order:

• inspection of overhead lines in easily passable terrain and in favorable weather;
• restoration of permanent signs on supports;
• measurement of overall dimensions with goniometers;
• fire-fighting cleaning of areas around the supports;
• coloring of bandages on supports.

You can start working only after the briefing.

3.1.6. On disconnected overhead lines, the crew may be dispersed over a section no longer than 2 km, with the exception of work on the installation and dismantling of wires (cables) within an anchor span of greater length. In this case, the length of the work area of ​​one team is determined by the issuing order.

When working under voltage, the team must be on one support (in one intermediate span) or on two adjacent disputes.

3.1.7. It is possible to stay at the workplace for some time without a foreman for a team member with group III only in electrical installations up to 1000 V when working by order. A member of the team may leave the workplace with the permission of the foreman.

It is also necessary for a member of the team to start work after a temporary absence and after any break in work with the permission of the foreman.

3.1.8. You can supervise working teams as an observer with group III, with the exception of supervision during short-term work in electrical installations above 1000 V, without issuing a work order, when you need to have group IV.

3.1.9. When performing work, it is necessary to be located near unshielded current-carrying parts of 6-110 kV under voltage, so that they are in front or on one side.

It is possible to approach live parts under voltage at distances not less than those indicated in the table.

When straightening from a bent position, the distances indicated in the table must also be observed.

The insulators of equipment under voltage can only be touched by using electrical protective equipment appropriate for the voltage value.

When using electrical protective equipment, it is allowed to approach live parts under voltage at a distance determined by the length of the insulating part of these equipment.

3.1.10. You can approach the lightning protection cable isolated from the support no closer than 1,0 m.

When using a cable in an ice melting scheme, the permissible approach distance to the cable should be determined depending on the melting voltage.

3.1.11. On overhead lines, before connecting or breaking wires and cables, it is necessary to equalize the potentials of these sections.

Potential equalization is carried out by connecting these sections with a conductor or by installing groundings on both sides of the gap (proposed gap) with their connection to one ground electrode (grounding device).

3.1.12. In crossing spans on overhead lines, when replacing wires (cables) and related insulators and fittings located below live wires, ropes made of vegetable or synthetic fibers should be thrown through the wires (cables) to be replaced in order to prevent undercutting of the wires located above. Ropes should be thrown in two places - on both sides of the intersection, securing their ends to anchors, structures, etc. The lifting of the wire (cable) should be carried out slowly and smoothly, without jerks.

3.1.13. Work on wires (cables) and related insulators, fittings, located above the wires, cables under tension, must be carried out according to the PPR approved by the management of the enterprise. In the PPR, measures should be provided to prevent the lowering of wires (cables) and to protect against induced voltage. In this case, the replacement of wires (cables) should be carried out with the removal of voltage from the crossed wires.

3.1.14. On overhead lines of 330 kV and above, being without means of protection in the zone of influence of an electric field with a strength of 5 kV and above, it is necessary to limit the time spent in this zone (at a voltage of 10 kV / m - 180 min, 15 kV / m - 80 min, from 20 up to 25 kV/m no more than 10 min).

The allowable time spent in the electric field can be realized one time or fractionally during the working day. During the rest of the working time, it is necessary to use protective equipment or be in an electric field with a strength of up to 5 kV / m.

3.1.15. To protect against the effects of an electric field with a strength of 25 to 60 kV / m and while being in it at a strength of 5 to 25 kV / m for more than the prescribed time, it is necessary to use protective equipment: an individual shielding set of clothing; stationary, portable and mobile shielding devices; removable shielding devices installed on machines and mechanisms.

When climbing equipment and structures located in the zone of influence of an electric field, protective equipment must be used regardless of the strength of the electric field and the duration of stay in it. When in the shielding zone, inside the overhead line structures, protective equipment against the effects of an electric field can not be used. When lifting with a telescopic tower or hydraulic lift, their baskets (cradles) must be equipped with a screen, otherwise screening kits must be used.

3.1.16. When working on sections of disconnected current-carrying parts in the zone of influence of the electric field, they must be grounded to remove the induced potential. Touching disconnected, but not grounded live parts is possible only with the use of protective equipment. Repair tools and equipment that may be isolated from earth must also be earthed.

3.1.17. Work on the dismantling of supports and wires of overhead lines, as well as on the replacement of parts of the supports, must be carried out according to the technological map or PPR in the presence of the work manager.

3.1.18. Climbing and working on a support is permitted only in cases where there is confidence in the sufficient stability and strength of the support. The need and methods for strengthening the support, the strength of which is in doubt (insufficient penetration, heaving of the soil, decay of wood, cracks in concrete, etc.), are determined on site by the manufacturer or the work manager.

Work on strengthening the support with the help of stretch marks should be carried out without climbing onto the support, i.e. from a telescopic tower or other mechanism for lifting people, with a support installed nearby, or use special unfastening devices, for which you do not need to climb the support.

Climbing the support is allowed only after it has been strengthened.

3.1.19. Supports not designed for unilateral tension of wires and cables and temporarily subjected to such tension must be pre-strengthened to prevent them from falling.

It is possible to break the integrity of the wires and remove the bindings on the intermediate supports after the preliminary strengthening of the supports.

3.1.20. On corner supports with pin insulators, it is possible to climb and work only from the side of the outer corner.

When working on the rack, the supports should be positioned so as not to lose sight of the nearest live wires.

3.1.21. Members of the brigade are allowed to climb the support:

• with group III for all types of work up to the top of the support;
• with group II during work performed with the overhead line turned off, to the top of the support, and when working on non-current-carrying parts of an undisconnected overhead line, not higher than the level at which a distance of 2 m remains from the head of the worker to the lower wires of this overhead line. The exception is work on painting the supports, when it is allowed to climb to the top of the support;
• with group I for all types of work no higher than 3 m from the ground (to the feet of the worker).

3.1.22. When replacing parts of the support, the possibility of its displacement or fall must be excluded.

When replacing single and double attachments of U- and AP-shaped supports, the support posts should be dug out one by one. The installation of attachments should begin with one support post, and only after replacing the attachments on it, fixing the bandages and compacting the earth, you can begin to replace the attachments on another rack. Replace dual attachments one by one. When pulling out or lowering the attachment, it is dangerous to be in the pit.

3.1.23. When working on insulating hangers, it is allowed to move along supporting hangers, both single-chain and multi-chain (with two or more garlands of insulators) and along multi-chain tension hangers.

Work on a single-chain tension insulating suspension is allowed when using special devices or lying on it and hooking your feet on the traverse to fix the position of the body.

In the event of a malfunction that could lead to the disconnection of the insulating suspension, work must be stopped.

On overhead lines, people are allowed to move along wires with a cross section of at least 240 and along cables with a cross section of at least 70 mm2.

3.1.24. Work on overhead lines under voltage can be carried out according to two schemes:

• "wire - man - insulation - earth", when the worker is under the potential of the wire and is isolated from the earth;
• "wire - insulation - man - earth", when the worker is isolated from the wire.

3.1.25. Work under the potential of the wire is allowed under the following conditions: isolating a person from the ground, using a shielding set of clothes and equalizing the potentials of the shielding set of clothes, the working platform and the wire.

Potential equalization is carried out with a special potential transfer bar.

Prior to lifting the worker to the wire, the shielding kit must be connected to the potential transfer bar and the installation cabin, if used.

The distance from a person to grounded parts and elements of equipment during these works should not be less than those indicated in the table.

Specific types of work under the potential of the wire must be carried out in accordance with special instructions for technological maps.

Work under voltage with isolation of a person from the wire must be carried out using electrical protective equipment for the appropriate voltage.

3.1.26. Members of the brigade who have the right to work under the potential of the wire (with direct contact with live parts) must have group IV, and the rest of the brigade - group III.

3.1.27. When working from the site of an insulating device that is under the potential of the wire, it is prohibited to touch insulators and fittings of insulating hangers that have a potential other than the wire, as well as transfer or receive tools or devices to persons who are not on the same work site.

3.1.28. Before starting work on insulating hangers, it is necessary to check with a measuring rod the dielectric strength of the hanger insulators and the presence of all cotter pins and locks in the fittings. If there are release clamps, they should be wedged on the support on which the work is being carried out, and on adjacent supports, if required by the route relief.

3.1.29. Work on the insulating suspension for its re-coupling, replacement of individual insulators, fittings carried out by fitters located on insulating devices or traverses is allowed if the number of serviceable insulators in the suspension is at least 80%, and on a 750 kV overhead line if there are no more than five defective insulators in one suspension.

3.1.30. When recoupling insulating hangers for overhead lines of 330 kV and above, performed from a traverse, install the necessary devices on them and unhook them from the traverse with dielectric gloves and a shielding kit.

At the same time, it is allowed to touch on the 35 kV overhead line - to the cap of the first insulator with two serviceable insulators in the insulating suspension, and on the 110 kV overhead line and above - to the caps of the first and second insulators. The account of insulators is kept from a traverse.

3.1.31. The installation of tubular arresters on a 35-110 kV overhead line under voltage is allowed provided that insulating suspension gauges are used, which exclude the possibility of approaching the outer electrode of the arrester to the wire at a distance less than the specified one.

The outer electrode of the arrester should be approached or retracted by means of an insulating rod, not being in the zone of possible exhaust gases.

3.1.32. Disconnect and connect the grounding descent to the lightning protection wire, isolated from the ground, after preliminary grounding of the wire.

3.1.33. When working in spans of intersection with an existing overhead line, on an overhead line under induced voltage, on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line and phase-by-phase repairs, the following safety measures must be observed:

• unroll wires and cables smoothly, without jerks, guide traction ropes in such a way as to avoid whipping and approaching live wires. Quickdraws and counterpulls should be chosen to be of minimum length and tensioned without slack;
• the wire of each drum must be grounded before rolling. It is not necessary to ground the wire directly at the drum;
• connect the hinges on the anchor support only after the installation work is completed in the anchor spans adjacent to this support. On the anchor support of the 110 kV overhead line and above, the loops should be fixed to the wires or to the tension insulating hangers before they are connected, and on the 35 kV overhead line and below - only to the wires.

3.1.34. When performing work on the wires of the overhead line in the span of intersection with another overhead line that is energized, grounding must be installed on the support where the work is being carried out.

If wires are suspended or replaced in this span, then both the suspended and the replaced wire must be grounded on both sides of the intersection.

3.1.35. On overhead lines under induced voltage, work from the ground associated with touching the wire released from the support up to the ground must be performed using electrical protective equipment (gloves, rods) or from a metal platform connected to equalize the potential by a conductor with this wire. Work from the ground without the use of electrical protective equipment and a metal platform is allowed provided that the wire is grounded in close proximity to each point of contact.

3.1.36. During installation work on overhead lines under induced voltage (lifting, sighting, stretching, transferring from rolling rollers to clamps), the wire must be grounded on the anchor support from which the rolling is carried out, on the final anchor support through which the tension is carried out, and on each intermediate support on which the wire rises.

Upon completion of work on the intermediate support, the grounding from the wire on this support can be removed. In the event of resumption of work on an intermediate support associated with touching the wire, the wire must be grounded again on the same support.

3.1.37. On overhead lines under induced voltage, the transfer of wires from rolling rollers to supporting clamps should be carried out in the direction opposite to the rolling direction. Prior to the beginning of the relocation, it is necessary, leaving the grounded wires on the anchor support, towards which the relocation will be carried out, to remove the grounding from the wires on the anchor dispute, from which the relocation begins.

3.1.38. When installing wires on overhead lines under induced ground voltage, they can only be removed after the wires have been transferred to the supporting clamps and work on this support has been completed.

During the transfer of wires to the clamps, the adjacent anchor span, where the transfer has already been completed, should be considered as being under induced voltage. It is allowed to perform work on it related to touching the wires only after grounding them at the workplace.

3.1.39. If on a disconnected overhead line (circuit) under induced voltage, the value of this voltage is more than 42 V, it is necessary to work with grounding wires only on one support or on two adjacent ones. In this case, the overhead line (circuit) in the switchgear is not grounded. The work of the brigade is allowed only on supports where grounding is installed, and in the span between them.

If it is necessary to work in two or more spans (sections), the overhead line (circuit) must be divided into electrically unconnected sections by disconnecting the loops on the anchor supports. Only one team can work at each of these sections near the grounding installation sites.

All types of work on these overhead lines related to touching the wire without the use of basic electrical protective equipment should be carried out according to technological maps or PPR, which should indicate the location of grounding, based on the requirements for ensuring that the induced voltage potential at the workplace is not higher than 42 V.

3.1.40. On a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with the arrangement of circuits one above the other, work can be performed (with the exception of replacing and adjusting wires) only if this circuit is suspended below the energized circuits.

When working on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with a horizontal arrangement of circuits, red flags must be hung on the racks from the side of the circuits that remain energized. Flags are hung out at a height of 2-3 m from the ground by the worker with a team member who has group III.

Climbing the support and moving to the sections of the traverses is possible only from the side of the disconnected chain. If the support has step bolts, it is allowed to climb them regardless of which chain they are located under. When step-bolts are located on the side of the circuits that remain energized, climbing to the support should be done under the supervision of a work foreman or a member of the team with group III who is on the ground.

When working from supports on the wires of a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line, the remaining circuits of which are energized, grounding must be installed on each support where work is being carried out.

3.1.41. During phase-by-phase repair of overhead lines, the wire of the disconnected phase in the switchgear is not grounded. The wire must be grounded only at the workplace. On overhead lines of 35 kV and above, when working on a wire of one phase or alternately on the wires of each phase, it is allowed to ground at the workplace the wire of only the phase on which the work is performed. At the same time, it is possible to approach the wires of the remaining, ungrounded phases at a distance not less than indicated in the table.

To increase reliability, the grounding should be double, consisting of two separate groundings installed in parallel. It is allowed to work on the wire no further than 20 m from the established grounding.

When several teams work simultaneously, the disconnected wire must be disconnected into electrically unconnected sections. Each brigade is allocated a separate area, where one double grounding is installed.

3.1.42. During phase-by-phase repairs of overhead lines of 110 kV and above, in order to localize an arc discharge, before installing or removing grounding, the wire must first be grounded using a rod with an arc extinguishing device. The grounding wire of the rod must be connected to the grounding conductor in advance. This rod can be removed only after the installation (or removal) of the portable grounding.

3.1.43. During phase-by-phase repairs on overhead lines with a horizontal arrangement of phases, you can only go to sections of the traverse supporting the wires of the disconnected phase.

3.1.44. When performing thermite welding in hot, dry weather, and when welding on wooden supports or structures, measures must be taken to prevent the ignition of wood or dry grass, from the ingress of uncooled slag of the thermite mass of the cartridge or unburned thermite match.

An unburned thermite match should be thrown onto a pre-prepared tanned area, on which there are no flammable materials, or a match should be placed in a special trough suspended near the welder.

3.1.45. Spare thermite cartridges should be stored in a work bag separately from thermite matches.

Thermite matches must be in their original packaging.

3.1.46. When clearing the overhead line route, in order to prevent trees from falling on the wires, braces must be applied before cutting.

In the event of a tree falling on the wires of an overhead line that is energized, it is allowed to approach it at a distance of at least 8 m.

3.1.47. The sawyers must warn other workers about the impending fall of the felled tree. You can only stand on the sides of the tree fall line.

3.1.48. Felling trees should be with a preliminary notch or undercut. Inclined trees should be felled in the direction of their slope.

All felled and sawn trees must be felled before a break in work or transition to other trees.

Before felling rotten and dead trees, it is necessary to test their strength, and then make a notch without cutting them.

First of all, rotten and charred trees should fall down. It is necessary to dump one tree at a time, without climbing on sawn and cut trees, without using group felling and the fall of one tree onto another.

3.1.49. Inspection and bypass of the overhead line must be carried out without climbing to the supports and performing any repair and restoration work.

Climbing to the support is allowed only during a riding inspection of the overhead line.

When viewed at night, do not go under the wires.

When looking for damage, inspecting overhead lines should have warning signs or posters with them.

3.1.50. In difficult terrain (swamps, water barriers, mountains, forest blockages, etc.) and in adverse weather conditions (rain, snowfall, severe frosts, etc.), as well as at night, inspection of overhead lines should be performed by two workers having group II. In other cases, one worker with group II can inspect the overhead line.

3.1.51. On overhead lines above 1000 V, you can approach a wire lying on the ground no closer than 8 m. Near such a wire, security should be organized to prevent people and animals from approaching it, if possible, install warning signs or posters, and report the incident to the electrical network enterprise.

The same distance should be observed when approaching energized reinforced concrete supports of 6-35 kV overhead lines if there are signs of a ground fault current flowing as a result of damage to insulators, touching the wire to the body of the support, etc. (evaporation of moisture from the soil, the occurrence of an electric arc on the racks and in places where the support is embedded in the ground, etc.).

3.1.52. When servicing street lighting networks, a team of at least two people should clean fittings and replace lamps of fixtures of any design, installed on supports of all types or on brackets, as well as suspended on cables.

By order, without turning off the lighting network, it is allowed to work in the following cases:

• when the fixtures are located below the wires on wooden poles without grounding descents from the pole or from an attached wooden ladder;
• when using a telescopic tower with an insulating link.

In other cases, it is necessary to disconnect and ground all the wires suspended on the support and carry out the work along the way.

3.1.53. When working on the ballast of gas-discharge lamps, before disconnecting it from the general circuit of the lamp, it is necessary to first disconnect the power supply of the wire from the network and discharge the static capacitors (regardless of the presence of discharge resistors).

3.2. Rules for the use of protective equipment

3.2.1. To protect against electric shock, exposure to an electric arc and an electromagnetic field, it is necessary to use electrical protective equipment, which are divided into basic and additional.

3.2.2. The main electrical protective equipment can be touched to live parts under voltage, and additional ones are used in conjunction with the main ones, and also protect against touch and step voltage.

3.2.3. In electrical installations above 1000 V, the main electrical protective equipment includes: insulating rods, insulating and electrical clamps, voltage indicators, and additional ones: dielectric gloves, boots, carpets and caps, individual shielding kits, insulating stands and linings, portable grounding, protective devices, posters and safety signs.

3.2.4. In electrical installations up to 1000 V, the main electrical protective equipment includes: insulating rods, insulating electrical clamps, voltage indicators, dielectric gloves, and additional ones: dielectric galoshes and carpets, portable grounding, insulating stands and pads, fencing devices, posters and safety signs.

3.2.5. When using the main means of protection, it is sufficient to use one additional one, with the exception of cases of releasing the victim from the action of current in electrical installations, when boots or galoshes must also be used to protect against step voltage.

3.2.6. Electrical protective equipment must be used in electrical installations with a voltage not higher than that for which they are designed. In electrical installations with voltages above 10 kV, voltage indicators of 2-10 kV can be used, mounted on insulating rods corresponding to the voltage of the electrical installation. You can use only those means of protection for which the period of the next test has not expired.

3.2.7. Insulating protective equipment and devices during operation must be protected from moisture. In open electrical installations, they can only be used in dry weather. In case of dampness, they must be withdrawn from use.

3.2.8. Insulating pads may be used in electrical installations with voltages up to 20 kV to prevent accidental contact with live parts in cases where it is not possible to protect the place of work with shields.

It is necessary to install pads on current-carrying parts, if their design does not provide for insulating handles or holders, using basic protective equipment.

The insulating pads should be protected from moisture and contamination.

3.2.9. Protective equipment made of rubber during work must be protected from the effects of oils, gasoline and other rubber-destroying substances, as well as from direct exposure to sunlight.

3.2.10. In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, insulating rods (except for measuring ones), for applying grounding, for cleaning insulation, as well as voltage indicators, must be used with dielectric gloves. They should be held by the handle to the restrictive ring or stop.

3.2.11. When working, the edges of dielectric gloves must not be tucked up; the sleeves of clothing must be partially inside the gloves. When working outdoors in cold weather, thin woolen or cotton gloves should be worn under rubber gloves.

3.2.12. A voltage indicator above 1000 V should be brought to the current-carrying parts at a distance necessary for the lamp to glow. Touch the pointer to current-carrying parts only if the lamp does not glow when approaching them. To better observe the glow of the lamp when working in bright daylight, use a shade.

3.2.13. On a 6-20 kV overhead line, when checking the absence of voltage, performed from wooden or reinforced concrete supports, as well as from a telescopic tower with a pointer based on the principle of capacitive current flow, the required sensitivity of the pointer should be ensured. To do this, its working part must be grounded.

3.2.14. When using a single-pole voltage indicator, it should be borne in mind that the signal lamp of the indicator may glow from the induced voltage.

3.2.15. In electrical installations up to 1000 V, it is not allowed to use "control" lamps (a cartridge with an incandescent lamp and two conductors) to check the absence of voltage due to the risk of injury from an electric arc and glass fragments.

3.2.16. At least two people from groups III and IV must work with the measuring rod. Climbing a structure or a telescopic tower, as well as descending from them, should be done without a rod. When measuring dielectric gloves can not be used.

3.2.17. Portable grounds to be installed on live parts must be inspected. In case of destruction of contact connections, damage to conductors, their melting or breakage of conductors, portable grounding should be withdrawn from use.

3.2.18. In installations above 1000 V, it is necessary to install and remove portable grounds, as well as fix portable ground clamps with dielectric gloves using a rod.

3.2.19. Portable grounding must first be connected to the grounding device, and then, after checking the absence of voltage, installed on live parts.

Portable grounding clamps should be fixed in places cleaned from paint.

When removing portable grounding, you must first remove it from live parts, and then disconnect it from the grounding device.

3.2.20. When working under voltage up to 1000 V, it is necessary to use a tool with insulating handles. It must be manufactured in accordance with GOST 11516-79.

3.2.21. Shielding kit clothing for protection against the effects of an electric field includes overalls, safety shoes, head and hand protection, a face shield (if necessary), grounding conductors with clamps.

The shielding kit for an electrician for the repair of overhead lines includes a jacket and a hood and trousers (for winter, semi-overalls with an insulating lining) made of fabric with conductive fiber, a helmet with a conductive coating or a cap with conductive fiber, leather boots with conductive soles, rubber boots made of conductive rubber, electrically conductive gloves and mittens (two pairs), grounding conductors with clamps.

3.2.22. All elements of the kit, as a rule, must be used together, connected to each other using contact leads with buttons and grounded.

3.2.23. Grounding of the shielding set is carried out through shoes with conductive soles. When working on an insulating base (painted metal, insulator, wooden flooring, etc.) or connected with touching grounded structures with an unprotected hand (when removing gloves or mittens), shielding clothing must be additionally grounded by connecting it with a special flexible conductor 10 mm2 to the grounded structure or grounding device.

3.2.24. Having put on the shielding kit, it is necessary to connect all its elements to each other: the output on the back of the jacket - with a helmet, the outputs on the sleeves of the jacket - with shielding gloves or mittens, the outputs on trousers or semi-overalls - with shoes. When working with the hood on, the use of a regular helmet is allowed.

When working with the hood retracted, a shielding helmet must be used.

3.2.25. It is recommended to use a shielding set of clothing at a temperature not exceeding 42 °. At an air temperature of 25°C and above, it is necessary to limit the time of continuous operation in a shielding kit: at an air temperature of the working area of ​​30°C - 3 hours, at a temperature of 35°C - 1,5 hours, at a temperature of 42°C - 1 hour. within the specified temperature range, the permissible duration of continuous operation in the shielding set must be determined by interpolation.

In the cold season, a set of summer shielding clothing can be used with general-purpose winter overalls.

3.2.26. Work in a shielding kit should be in dry weather, and in wet weather, protect it from getting wet with a raincoat or something else. Wet shielding kit must be hung on hangers and dried without wringing.

3.2.27. The shielding set of clothing may be shared, with the exception of special footwear, which must be for individual use.

3.2.28. In the process of using a shielding set of clothing, it is necessary to constantly monitor the good condition of the contact devices and their reliable connection. If separate grounding conductors are used to ground the set, then when moving, these conductors must be reconnected in such a way that one of them always connects the clothing to the grounding conductor.

3.2.29. If it is necessary to carry out short-term work at a height of 1,3 m and above from the ground level (working platform) without scaffolds and ladders, a safety belt must be used. At the same time, it is necessary to receive instructions and clearly know how and where to climb, to what and how to attach.

3.2.30. When working on a support, you should use a safety belt and lean on both claws (holes) if they are used.

When climbing onto a wooden and reinforced concrete support, the safety belt slings should be wound on wooden supports behind the rack, and on reinforced concrete ones - wound behind the rack or attached to the manhole.

3.2.31. When working on a supporting insulating suspension, the safety belt sling must be attached to the traverse. If the length of the sling is insufficient, it is necessary to use two safety ropes attached to the belt. One rope is tied to the traverse, and the second one, previously wound up behind the traverse, is released by the supporting member of the team as needed.

When working on a tension insulating suspension, the sling of the safety belt must be attached to the traverse or to a device designed for this purpose.

On supporting and tensioning multi-chain insulating hangers, it is allowed to fasten the sling of the safety belt to one of the garlands of insulators on which work is not being carried out.

3.2.32. When moving along split wires and cables, the safety belt slings should be attached to them, and in the case of using a special trolley - to the trolley.

3.2.33. During work, when it is not possible to fasten the safety belt sling to the structure, support, etc., you should use a safety rope that has been previously wound behind the structure, support detail, etc. Two people should do this work, the second person should slowly release or pull on the safety rope as necessary.

3.2.34. A safety fitter's belt with a sling made of technical nylon tape or similar material should be used. A belt that has undergone a dynamic jerk must be removed from use.

3.2.35. When carrying out welding work, it is necessary to use a safety belt with a sling made of a metal chain.

If the workplace and approaches to it are located above unprotected live parts under voltage, and the distance from the metal circuit, if it is lowered, will be less than that indicated in the table, the work must be carried out with the live parts disconnected.

3.2.36. In the case of using goggles with fogging glasses, their inner surfaces must first be lubricated with a special compound that protects the glass from fogging.

3.2.37. It is necessary to be able to use, if necessary, a gas mask and a respirator. The respirator is intended for individual use and can only be transferred to another employee after disinfection.

3.2.38. Clothing should not restrict movement.

3.3. Rules for the use of tools and fixtures

3.3.1. When working, it is necessary to use serviceable tools, devices and apply them for their intended purpose. If unsuitability is found, it is necessary to remove them from use and notify your supervisor about this.

3.3.2. It is allowed to use a hand tool with pointed ends (files, scrapers, etc.) if its handles have metal bandage rings.

3.3.3. The screwdriver should be selected according to the width of the working part (blade), depending on the size of the slot in the head of the screw or screw.

3.3.4. The dimensions of the gap (capture) of the wrenches should not exceed the dimensions of the heads of the bolts (faces of the nuts) by more than 0,3 mm. If there is a gap between the planes of the jaws and heads of bolts and nuts, it is unacceptable to use any gaskets. It is allowed to lengthen the handles of the keys with additional levers of the "asterisk" type.

3.3.5. When working with wedges or chisels using sledgehammers, it is necessary to use wedge holders with a handle no less than 0,7 m long.

3.3.6. Safety goggles must be worn when working with an impact tool to protect the eyes from solid particles.

3.3.7. The personal tool must be in the bag.

3.3.8. When working on structures under which live parts are located, repair devices and tools must be tied to prevent them from falling.

Feed anything to structures or equipment using an endless rope, rope or cord, securely securing the items being fed. The worker standing below must hold the rope to prevent it from swinging and approaching live parts.

3.3.9. The tool at the workplace must be positioned so that it does not chip or fall.

3.3.10. When carrying or transporting, the sharp parts of the tool must be protected. Immediately before use, the tool must be inspected and not used faulty.

3.3.11. Before starting work, the abrasive and CBN tools must be subjected to idle rotation at the operating speed. Abrasive wheels with a diameter of up to 150 mm should be rotated idle for at least 1 minute, with a diameter of more than 150 to 300 mm - at least 2 minutes; diameter over 300 mm - 3 min. Elbor circles should be rotated idle for at least 2 minutes.

3.3.12. When working with abrasive and CBN tools, it is necessary to use the surfaces of the tool intended for processing.

3.3.13. The object to be sharpened should be brought to the circle smoothly, without shock; pressing the circle should be effortless.

It is not allowed to slow down the rotating wheel by pressing on it with any object, and also use the lever to increase the pressing force of the workpieces on the grinding wheel.

Polishing and grinding small parts should be done using special tools and mandrels.

When processing with grinding wheels products that are not rigidly fixed on the machine, it is necessary to use handholds. The rearrangement of handcuffs must be carried out on a turned off machine.

3.3.14. Dressing of wheels should only be done with dressing tools.

3.3.15. When working with class I power tools, the use of personal protective equipment (insulating gloves, galoshes, rugs, etc.) is mandatory, unless:

• the power tool, and only one, is powered by an isolation transformer;
• the power tool is powered by an independent engine-generator set or a frequency converter with separating windings;
• The power tool is powered by a circuit breaker.

Power tools of classes II and III are allowed to work without the use of personal protective equipment.

3.3.16. Accessible metal parts of a Class I power tool that may become live if the insulation fails must be connected to an earth terminal. Class II and III power tools are not earthed.

The grounding of the body of the power tool must be carried out using a special core of the supply cable, which must not simultaneously serve as a conductor of the working current (neutral wire).

3.3.17. The power tool cable must be protected from accidental damage and from contact with hot, wet or oily surfaces. It is necessary to avoid pulling the cable, its twisting and bending, and also not to put a load on it, to prevent it from crossing with cables, cables and gas welding hoses.

3.3.18. Install the working part of the power tool in the chuck and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool after disconnecting it from the mains with a plug and completely stopping.

3.3.19. Do not remove chips or sawdust with your hands while the tool is in operation and do not touch its rotating part with your hands. Chips should be removed after the power tool has completely stopped with special hooks or brushes.

3.3.20. When using an electric drill, the objects to be drilled must be securely fastened.

3.3.21. When drilling with an electric drill, the pressure lever must have an inventory number and rest on a surface from which it is impossible to slip.

It is not allowed to handle icy and wet parts with power tools.

3.3.22. Power tools that are not protected from the effects of drops and splashes can be operated in conditions that exclude the effects of drops and splashes on it, and in open areas in the absence of snowfall or rain.

It is allowed to work with such a power tool outdoors only in dry weather, and in case of rain or snowfall - under a canopy on dry ground or flooring.

3.3.23. Do not leave unattended power tools connected to the network, as well as transfer it to persons who do not have the right to work with it.

3.3.24. In the event of a sudden stop of the power tool (power failure in the network, jamming of moving parts, etc.), it is necessary to turn it off with a switch. When transferring a power tool from one workplace to another, as well as during a break in work and finishing it, the tool must be disconnected from the mains with a plug.

3.3.25. If during operation a malfunction of the power tool is detected or the person working with it feels at least a slight effect of the current, work should be stopped immediately and the faulty tool should be handed over for inspection and repair.

3.3.26. When using a portable hand-held electric lamp, care must be taken that the lamp wire does not touch wet, hot and oily surfaces.

3.3.27. If during operation a malfunction of an electric lamp, wire or transformer is detected, it is necessary to replace them with serviceable ones, after disconnecting them from the mains.

3.3.28. You can work on portable ladders if you do not need to carry out the tension of wires, welding, support heavy objects, and also use power tools.

3.3.29. You can lengthen the ladder by splicing no more than two wooden ladders by firmly connecting them with metal clamps, pads with bolts, etc. and with subsequent testing in accordance with the requirements of the "Safety rules for working with tools and devices" (M.: Energoatomizdat, 1986), avoiding the use of additional support structures from boxes, barrels, etc.

3.3.30. When carrying the ladder together, it is necessary to carry it with the tips back, warning the oncoming ones to be careful. When moving the ladder by one worker, the ladder must be in an inclined position so that its front end is raised above the ground by at least 2 m.

3.3.31. When working from a ladder, it is necessary to stand on steps located at a distance of more than 1 m from its upper end. The ladder should be installed at an angle of less than 75° to the horizontal, otherwise the upper part of the ladder must be additionally fixed. It is not allowed to raise and lower the load on the ladder and leave the tool on it.

Only one person is allowed on the steps of the ladder.

3.3.32. When working with a ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent the ladder from falling from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of tips at its ends, the installation site of the ladder should be protected or protected. If it is not possible to secure the ladder, then a worker in a hard hat should stand at its base to hold the ladder in a stable position.

3.3.33. A portable metal ladder should be carried in a horizontal position. In the zone of influence of the electric field, a metal circuit must be attached to the ladder, touching the ground. It is necessary to transfer the ladder under the supervision of the foreman or another employee assigned for supervision.

3.3.34. When working with suspended, attached and sliding ladders at a height of more than 1,3 m, a safety belt should be used, which must be fixed to the structure or to the ladder if it is securely attached to the structure.

3.3.35. When working at heights, when it is impossible or impractical to install decks and fences, safety measures in each individual case must be determined by the technological map, PPR or other documents.

3.3.36. Portable metal ladders should be used at voltages above 220 kV.

In outdoor switchgear 330 kV and above, the use of portable metal ladders is permitted subject to the following conditions:

• the ladder must be carried in a horizontal position under the continuous supervision of the foreman, duty officer or person with group IV from among the operational and maintenance personnel;
• to remove the induced potential from the portable ladder, a metal circuit must be attached to it, touching the ground.

3.3.37. During operation, the trolley for moving along the wires must be loaded no more than its rated carrying capacity.

3.3.38. Welding work should be carried out according to the work permit, observing the following safety requirements:

• parts to be welded must be cleaned from outside and inside from scale, dust and combustible substances (oils, etc.);
• the surfaces of the parts to be welded must be dry;
• the edges of workpieces and parts should not have burrs;
• protect the place of work in order to protect personnel from radiation emitted during welding and flying sparks and scale.

3.3.39. To degrease the surfaces to be welded, it is necessary to use fireproof and non-harmful washing liquids.

3.3.40. The overalls used must not have traces of flammable liquids, oils and fats.

3.3.41. Mobile sources of welding current must be disconnected from the mains during their movement.

The length of the primary circuit between the power point and the mobile electric welding unit should be no more than 10 m.

3.3.42. The electric welding installation must be grounded during operation. It is necessary to ground the secondary winding of the welding transformer.

Grounding of mobile electric welding installations must be carried out before they are connected to the network and maintained until disconnected from the network.

3.3.43. Welding must be carried out using two wires. Steel tires of any profile, welding plates, racks and the welded structure itself can serve as a return wire connecting the workpiece to be welded with the current source, provided that their cross section ensures the safe flow of welding current under heating conditions. The connection of individual elements used as a return conductor must be carried out using bolts, clamps or clamps.

3.3.44. If the object to be welded does not have metal contact with a grounded table, then it must be grounded.

3.3.45. The electric holders used for welding must be factory-made and have no damage to the insulation.

Change of electrodes can be carried out only after the power is turned off.

3.3.46. When working with an assistant or as part of a team, the welder must warn others before igniting the arc.

3.3.47. When performing welding work at height, it is necessary to have special bags for electrodes and boxes for collecting cinders.

3.3.48. During electric welding in damp places, it is necessary to be on a dielectric carpet or use dry plank flooring.

3.3.49. In case of any absence from the place of welding, it is necessary to turn off the welding machine.

3.3.50. If water comes into contact with a burning fuser, it may cause an explosion and burns. Therefore, only dry shrink fit chucks should be used.

3.3.51. When lighting a thermite match and igniting the thermite checker of the cartridge, it is necessary to be at least 0,5 m from the lit checker. In this case, goggles with D-2 or D-3 light filters should be used.

It is dangerous to touch or touch a hot or cold shrink fit chuck.

3.3.52. Water contact with a burning thermite cartridge can cause an explosion and burns, so only dry thermite cartridges should be used.

3.3.53. After the thermite block has cooled (to a dark color), the resulting slag should be knocked down in the direction away from you to a previously prepared area. It is necessary to perform this work in shields or closed goggles with light filters.

3.3.54. Burnt thermite matches should be placed in a special steel box suspended near the place of work or on a previously prepared fireproof area.

3.3.55. Spare thermite cartridges should be placed in a work bag separately from thermite matches. Thermite matches must be in their original packaging.

3.4. Rules for the safe operation of vehicles and lifting mechanisms

3.4.1. It is possible to install boom lifting mechanisms and work on them under the wires of only disconnected overhead lines. The place of installation of hoisting machines and mechanisms, their mode of operation, the method of fastening winches, the location of the blocks must be indicated in the PPR.

3.4.2. The mass of loads to be lifted must be determined before lifting. The load on lifting mechanisms and devices should not exceed their carrying capacity.

3.4.3. When moving through the outdoor switchgear and in the security zone of the overhead lines of vehicles and mechanisms, their retractable parts must be in the transport position, and people only in the cabin. When they move in the zone of influence of an electric field, a metal chain connected to the chassis or body and touching the ground should be used to remove the induced potential. The winches and steel ropes used during operation must be grounded.

3.4.4. When driving, installing and operating vehicles and hoisting machines, the distance from lifting and retractable parts to live parts under voltage must be at least those indicated in the table.

3.4.5. When working in the outdoor switchgear and the security zone of the overhead line, cars and hoisting machines on pneumatic wheels must be grounded.

Shielding devices installed on machines must be earthed. When grounding machines and mechanisms, additional grounding of removable shielding devices is not required.

3.4.6. During the operation of lifting machines and mechanisms, one should not be under the load being lifted, the basket of the telescopic tower, as well as in the immediate vicinity (less than 5 m) from the tensioned wires (cables), stops, fasteners and working mechanisms.

3.4.7. When working from a telescopic tower (hydraulic lift), there must be a visual connection between the team member in the basket (cradle) and the driver. In the absence of such communication, a member of the team must be at the tower, transmitting commands to the driver to raise or lower the basket or cradle.

3.4.8. Work from a telescopic tower (hydraulic lift) should be standing at the bottom of the basket or cradle, secured with a safety belt sling.

The transition from the basket or cradle to the support or equipment and vice versa is allowed only with the permission of the work manager.

3.4.9. It is permitted to stand on the traverses or on stands under these traverses if the traverse is not used to lift the load, wires or cable.

3.4.10. When working on wires performed from a telescopic tower (hoist), the working platform of the tower must be connected with a wire using a special rod for transferring potential with a flexible copper conductor with a cross section of at least 10 mm2, and the tower itself must be grounded. In this case, the wire must be grounded at the nearest support or in the span.

After connecting the working platform of the telescopic tower with the wire, it is forbidden to enter the tower cabin and leave it, as well as touch the tower body while standing on the ground.

3.4.11. You can work with a winch if it is securely fixed at the workplace, the brakes and the drive are in good condition, the drive has a guard, the rope on the drum is securely fixed.

3.4.12. The metal parts of electrically driven winches must always be earthed, and hand winches must be earthed when working on overhead power lines. Grounding must be bolted, not welded to the winch frame.

3.4.13. Repairs and retightening of loose connections should not be carried out while the winch is in operation. It is necessary to operate the winch with manual control in mittens.

3.4.14. Lifting loads simultaneously with two winches must be carried out under the supervision of an employee responsible for the safe performance of work on the movement of goods, and in the presence of a project for the production of work.

3.4.15. When working with winches with a manual lever drive, it is prohibited:

• be in the swing plane of the lever and under the lifted load;
• use a lever having a length longer than the specified technical characteristics of the winch;
• use a lever winch when the rope slips, when the direction of movement of the forward stroke handle changes, when the rope is not pulled in one stroke, and also when the rope passes freely in the grips of the traction mechanism, when safety pins or clamps are cut;
• move the lever from one extreme position to another in jerks.

3.4.16. During operation, the load to be moved must be securely fastened to the hook. The movement of the reverse handle must be smooth, without jerking or jamming, the traction mechanism and the rope must be in a straight line at all times.

3.4.17. When lifting a load with winches with an electric drive, the change of the winch stroke from forward to reverse should be carried out with the winch stopped, and when the load approaches the extreme positions, with a slowdown.

If defects are found in the electric drive (strong heating of the electric motor, electromagnet coils, resistances, bearings, strong sparking of the electric motor brushes or the appearance of smoke or burning smell; sensation of current when it comes into contact with winch parts), work should be stopped immediately.

3.4.18. When lifting a load with a rack jack, the pawl must be thrown over the ratchet.

3.4.19. When lifting loads with jacks, the following requirements must be observed:

• a wooden lining (sleepers, beams, boards 40-50 mm thick) should be placed under the jack with an area larger than the base of the jack body, depending on the mass of the load being lifted;
• the jack must be installed strictly in a vertical position with respect to the load being lifted, and when moving it without skew to the supporting part of the load;
• the head (paw) of the jack must rest against the strong nodes of the equipment being lifted in order to avoid their breakage, laying an elastic gasket between the head (paw) and the load;
• the head (paw) of the jack must be supported by its entire plane in order to prevent the load from slipping during lifting;
• all rotating parts of the jack drive must turn freely (without jamming) by hand;
• during lifting, it is necessary to monitor the stability of the load;
• as the load is lifted, the spacers should be installed, and when it is lowered, they should be gradually removed.

3.4.20. When holding the load in a raised state with hydraulic jacks, in order to protect against a sudden lowering of the piston when the pressure in the cylinder drops for any reason, special steel linings in the form of half rings should be placed under the piston head between the cylinder and the load. When holding for a long time, the load should be supported on the half rings and the pressure should be relieved.

3.4.21. The release of the jack from under the lifted load and its rearrangement are allowed only after the load is securely fixed in the raised position or laid on stable supports (sleeper cage).

3.4.22. It is necessary to work with the jack without using extensions (pipes) for the jack handles, without removing the hands from the jack handles until the load is lowered onto the linings and without leaving the load on the jack during a break in work, and also without welding pipes or corners to the legs of the jacks.

3.4.23. When hanging the upper fixed blocks, chain hoists, it is necessary to avoid lateral support of the upper block cage on the crossbar or beam, to prevent the rollers of the upper block from being skewed in relation to the rope.

3.4.24. When assembling chain hoists and lifting loads, it is necessary to monitor the parallelism of the movable and fixed clips, avoiding the oblique position of the blocks relative to each other, in order to prevent the rope from slipping from the block.

3.4.25. The traction runaway end of the rope must be directed towards the winch so that it does not twist the block and does not cause it to skew.

3.4.26. It is recommended to use detachable pulleys for pull-off pulleys, which allow the rope to be loaded into the pulley at any place along its length. They must be positioned so that the traction end of the rope passing through them does not have an oblique run on the pulley block, which can also cause it to slip off the block and the occurrence of horizontal forces acting on the upper block of the pulley block.

3.4.27. When working with the rope, it is necessary to ensure that it does not touch other ropes, does not rub against the sharp edges of the load, parts of equipment or against the walls of buildings. Gaskets should be used to protect against chafing.

It is impossible to allow excessive one-sided or two-sided bending of the rope, including on blocks and drums of small diameter, as well as fastening the rope directly to lugs, earrings and frames without thimble, as well as crossing and contact of ropes with electric cables and electric wires. Ropes that have fractures, knots, broken wires and wear more than acceptable are subject to withdrawal from use.

Splicing (coupling) of cargo ropes is not allowed. It is possible to join other ropes, but only in a section where the possibility of a rope running into a block or drum is excluded.

3.4.28. Before cutting the rope, its ends in two places must be tied with soft annealed steel wire to prevent untwisting. The distance between the dressings should be 4-5 rope diameters, and the length of the winding should be at least five rope diameters. The ends of this wire must be carefully twisted and bent between the rope strands.

3.4.29. Slings should be fastened to special frames or to massive and reliable parts of the load being lifted, all branches should be evenly stretched. When slinging loads, the branches of the slings must be protected from slipping.

The places of the sling on the lifted loads must be outlined in advance. In the absence of data on the position of the center of gravity of the load, it must be established by trial suspension. A string of long loads lifted in a horizontal position should be made in two places.

3.4.30. The loops of the sling should be put on in the center of the mouth of the hook, and the hook should be installed in the center of the line. When lifting and moving loads, the ropes of the cargo chain hoist of lifting mechanisms must be directed vertically.

When hanging a load on two-horn hooks, the slings must be superimposed in such a way that the load is distributed evenly on both hook horns.

The ends of the multi-string sling not used to hook the load should be strengthened so that when the load is moved, these ends do not touch the objects encountered on the way.

3.4.31. When working with steel ropes and slings, gloves must be used.

3.4.32. When working in conditions of high or variable humidity, synthetic fiber ropes or impregnated vegetable fiber ropes should be used. For braces and counter braces, ropes made of vegetable or synthetic fibers should be used. The used quickdraws with hooks must be equipped with safety locks.

3.4.33. Feed parts to structures or equipment using an endless rope, rope or cord. As an endless rope, a rope made of non-metallic materials should be used. The worker standing below must hold the rope to prevent it from swinging and approaching live parts.

3.4.34. Steel traction ropes used when installing wires on overhead lines under induced voltage must first be fixed to the traction mechanism and grounded to the same ground electrode as the wire to equalize the potential. Only then is it allowed to attach the rope to the wire. It is also allowed to disconnect the traction rope after ensuring equality of potential in the sections being cut.

3.5. Indications of safety measures for the maintenance of the workplace

3.5.1. Grounding, posters and fences installed during the preparation of workplaces must be kept at their installation sites. Temporary removal and re-installation of grounding should be carried out in accordance with the instructions in the order.

3.5.2. Everything that may interfere with work should be removed from the workplace.

The position of the tool in the workplace should exclude the possibility of it rolling or falling. When carrying or transporting the tool, sharp parts must be protected.

3.5.3. If the floor, deck or equipment surface of the work site is slippery, the slipperiness must be removed.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Actions aimed at preventing emergencies and accidents

4.1.1. Removal of foreign objects, fallen trees, twigs, etc. from the wires of overhead lines, as well as urgent work to eliminate malfunctions that threatened or led to a disruption in the normal operation of electrical installations or power supply to consumers lasting no more than one hour can be performed by order under the supervision of a duty officer or a person from among operational and maintenance personnel. The number of employees should not exceed three people, including the supervisor.

The senior of the operational and repair personnel performing work or leading supervision must have group IV when working in electrical installations above 1000 V and group III in electrical installations up to 1000 V. The rest of the team members must have group III. The consumer's personnel may be involved in work on the connections supplying the consumer.

Before work, all technical measures must be taken to prepare the workplace, except for its fencing in the outdoor switchgear with a rope or cord, which is optional in this case.

4.1.2. In case of a ground fault in electrical installations of 6-35 kV, it is possible to approach the detected fault closer than 4 m in the closed switchgear or 8 m in the outdoor switchgear and on the overhead line only for operational switching and releasing people under voltage. In this case, you should use electrical protective equipment (dielectric galoshes, boots, gloves, insulating rods, etc.).

4.1.3. It should be remembered that after removing the voltage from the electrical installation, it can be re-applied without warning.

4.1.4. When a thunderstorm approaches, it is necessary to stop all work on the overhead line. In case of fog, rain, snowfall, at night, as well as in case of wind that makes it difficult to work on energized overhead lines, work should be stopped. During rain and snowfall, in the absence of canopies over the electric welding equipment and the workplace of the electric welder, it is necessary to stop work.

4.1.5. It is necessary to inform the on-duty personnel of the facility about a noticed fire at the facility and start extinguishing the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment, observing safety measures. Where there is an operational plan for extinguishing a fire, it is necessary to act in accordance with this plan.

4.1.6. It is necessary to remove strangers from the place of fire.

4.2. First aid actions in case of accidents and sudden illness

4.2.1. In the event of an accident, in order to free the victim from the action of electric current, the voltage must be removed immediately without prior authorization.

4.2.2. In the event of an accident at work, it is necessary to act in accordance with the "Instructions for providing first aid to victims in connection with accidents during the maintenance of power equipment" (M.: Energoatomizdat, 1987).

4.2.3. It is necessary to be able to help yourself and those who work nearby in case of a sudden illness: pain in the heart, in the abdomen, etc.

4.2.4. Sudden pain in the region of the heart may be the result of an attack of angina pectoris. In this case, you need to sit down, put a nitroglycerin tablet under your tongue. If within 5-10 minutes. the pain does not go away, you need to call an ambulance. If necessary, you can take another tablet of nitroglycerin.

4.2.5. In case of a sudden disease of the abdominal organs, a doctor should be called immediately. Before the arrival of the doctor, the patient must be laid down and put on the stomach cold (blister with ice, snow or cold water).

4.2.6. With paralysis of the limbs, one or another degree of speech damage occurs at the same time, which indicates a hemorrhage in the brain. It is necessary to put and unfasten clothing that makes it difficult to breathe, to ensure the flow of fresh air. An ice pack or a cloth moistened with cold water should be placed on the head, heating pads should be placed on the legs. Give sedatives (such as valerian tincture) and blood pressure relievers to drink. It is necessary to monitor breathing, take measures to prevent the tongue from sinking, remove mucus and vomit from the oral cavity.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Portable grounding must first be removed from live parts, and then disconnected from the grounding device.

5.2. After the complete completion of the work, it is necessary to: tidy up the workplace, remove tools, instruments, devices, protective equipment in specially designated places for them; inspect the equipment and reflect the detected faults in the defect log.

5.3. After the end of the working day, you must wash your hands, and if necessary, wash yourself in the shower. Work clothes must be removed and left in the designated area.

5.4. Staying in production premises and on the territory of the enterprise after the end of the shift is possible only with the permission of the administration.

7. List of accepted abbreviations

• AGP Field extinguishing machine
• ACS Automated control system
• PBX Automatic telephone exchange
• VL Overhead power line
• VLAN Overhead communication line
• HF communication High-frequency communication
• Main control panel Main control panel
• ZRU Enclosed switchgear
• IC Measuring (test) stand
• CL Cable power line
• KLS Cable communication line
• KRU (KRUN) Complete switchgear of indoor (outdoor) installation
• KTP Complete transformer substation
• MTP Mast transformer substation
• NRP Unattended regeneration point
• NUP Unattended reinforcement point
• OVB Operational Field Brigade
• Outdoor switchgear
• OUP Serviced amplification point
• POR Work Management Design
• PPR Project for the production of works
• PRP HR Rules
• PUE Rules for the installation of electrical installations
• RZA Relay protection and automation
• RP Distribution point
• RU Switchgear
• SDTU Dispatch and process control facilities (cable and overhead lines of communication and telemechanics, high-frequency channels, communication and telemechanics devices)
• SMO Construction and installation organization
• SNiP Building codes and regulations
• TAI Devices for thermal automatics, thermal measurements and protection, means of remote control, signaling and technical means of automated control systems
• TP Transformer Substation
• EU Electrolysis Plant

See other articles Section Occupational Safety and Health

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