Instructions for labor protection of a locksmith for the repair and maintenance of hoisting machines

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Instructions for labor protection of a locksmith for the repair and maintenance of hoisting machines

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.2. The instruction was developed on the basis of DNAOP 0.00-8.03-93 "Procedure for the development and approval by the owner of labor protection regulations in force at the enterprise", DNAOP 0.00-4.15-98 "Regulations on the development of labor protection instructions", DNAOP 0.00-4.12-99 " Standard regulation on training on labor protection", DNAOP 0.00-1.28-97 "Rules for labor protection in road transport", NAPB A.01.001-95 "Fire safety rules in Ukraine".

1.3. According to these instructions, a mechanic for the repair and maintenance of fuel equipment for vehicles (hereinafter referred to as a mechanic) is instructed before starting work (initial briefing), and then every 3 months (repeated briefing).

The results of the briefing are recorded in the "Journal of registration of briefings on labor protection issues". After passing the briefing, the log must contain the signatures of the instructor and the locksmith.

1.4. The owner must insure the locksmith against accidents and occupational diseases.

In case of damage to the health of a locksmith due to the fault of the owner, the employee has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him.

1.5. For non-compliance with this instruction, the locksmith bears disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone special training and have a certificate for the right to perform work, have passed a medical examination, introductory labor safety briefing, workplace briefing and fire safety briefing are allowed to work as a mechanic for the repair and maintenance of fuel equipment for cars. .

1.7. The locksmith must:

1.7.1. Know the device, the main malfunctions of the fuel equipment of different systems; troubleshooting methods; methods of high-quality regulation of fuel equipment.

1.7.2. Comply with internal labor regulations.

1.7.3. Perform only the work that is assigned by the work manager and in which he is instructed.

1.7.4. Use overalls and personal protective equipment.

1.7.5. Remember personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and responsibility for workmates.

1.7.6. Know how to provide first aid to victims of accidents.

1.7.7. Be familiar with the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment.

1.7.8. Do not follow instructions that are contrary to the rules of labor protection.

1.8. Being on the territory of the automobile enterprise, the locksmith is prohibited from:

1.8.1. Touch electrical equipment, terminals and electrical wires, general lighting fittings, open electrical cabinet doors.

1.8.2. Switch on and stop (except in emergency situations) machines, machine tools and mechanisms, work on which is not entrusted to him by management.

1.8.3. Stand or walk under a lifted load.

1.8.4. Drive on the steps and fenders of cars.

1.9. The main dangerous and harmful production factors affecting the locksmith:

1.9.1. Moving transport.

1.9.2. Unprotected moving parts of production equipment.

1.9.3. Workplace clutter.

1.9.4. Lack of special devices, tools, equipment.

1.9.5. Increased gas contamination of the working area.

1.9.6. High or low temperature, humidity, air mobility of the working area.

1.9.7. Increased noise and vibration.

1.9.8. Electric shock.

1.9.9. Insufficient illumination of the working area.

1.9.10. Exposure to harmful vapors on the skin and mucous membranes of the organs of vision and smell.

1.10. The locksmith is provided with overalls and personal protective equipment: a cotton suit, a rubberized apron, rubber boots, PVC oversleeves, combined mittens.

1.11. When working with fuel fittings operating on leaded gasoline, the mechanic must be instructed in the rules for working with leaded gasoline,

1.12. When working on machines, as well as with electric and pneumatic tools, a mechanic must be trained in the rules for their safe operation and instructed.

1.13. Maintenance of the fuel system of the car is carried out at the posts, repairs - in workshops equipped with the necessary devices and devices.

1.14. The working tool must be in good working order. Care must be taken to:

1.14.1. The wrenches did not have a throat opening and exactly matched the dimensions of the nuts and fittings.

1.14.2. The heads of hammers and chisel heads, cross-cuts did not have burrs; the length of chisels, crosscuts and drifts was at least 150 mm.

1.14.3. Hammer handles were smooth, straight, oval, and wedged; the cross section of the end of the handles was 1,5 times greater than that of the base of the hammer.

1.14.4. The handles of files, scrapers, and other hand tools were securely fastened; to prevent splitting of the handles, a metal ring was mounted on them. It is forbidden to use a tool whose handles are cracked, fastened with wire or twine, or a tool without handles.

1.14.5. The vise had serviceable jaws and a clamping screw.

1.15. When soldering fuel lines, fuel tanks, etc. the locksmith must be instructed according to the instructions for the coppersmith.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Get an assignment from the work manager.

2.2. Put on overalls, fasten your sleeves. When repairing the fuel system of a car running on leaded gasoline, wear a rubber apron, gloves and PVC sleeves.

2.3. Carefully inspect your workplace, remove all objects that interfere with work.

2.4. Prepare tools and fixtures for work, place them in a convenient and safe order for use, make sure that they are in good working order and comply with labor protection requirements.

2.5. Check the reliability of fastening of protective fences, grounding wires on grinding and drilling machines.

2.6. Make sure that the workplace is adequately lit so that the light will not dazzle the eyes. The supply voltage of local lighting should not exceed 42 V, and portable electric lamps - 12 V.

2.7. Check the availability of a sufficient amount of means to neutralize accidentally spilled leaded gasoline (kerosene, bleach, thyrsus, sand, rags).

2.8. In case of detection of malfunctions in the electrical network or in electrical equipment at the service station or in the workshop, call an electrician. It is forbidden to fix these faults yourself.

2.9. When repairing fuel equipment on a car, take measures to prevent the formation of sparks by removing the battery terminals or disconnecting it with a special device.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Washing of units and parts of fuel equipment that worked on leaded gasoline should be performed only after the previous neutralization of tetraethyl lead deposits.

3.2. Maintenance and repair of the fuel system of engines operating with anti-knock additives must be performed after the complete neutralization of the assembly units of the power system.

3.3. Keep the work area clean and free from clutter. The width of the passage during repair work should be 0,7-0,8 m.

3.4. To carry the working tool, use a special bag or box.

3.5. It is forbidden:

3.5.1. Sharpen a screwdriver like a point, use it instead of a chisel.

3.5.2. Tighten the fasteners with a screwdriver, holding the part in your hands "on weight".

3.5.3. Use wire cutters, pliers, pliers with worn blades, jaws or a worn hinge.

3.5.4. Use linings for wrenches between the edges of the wrench and nut, build up wrenches with pipes or other objects.

3.6. When working on a production line (conveyor), follow the signals for moving the car from post to post.

3.7. When repairing a car installed over a dead-end ditch without forced movement, brake the car with a hand brake, turn on first gear, turn off the ignition of the carburetor engine or the diesel engine fuel supply, put at least two supports (shoes) under the wheels.

3.8. When regulating the fuel supply to the carburetor, start the engine using the starter with the gear lever in neutral and the handbrake applied.

3.9. To regulate the supply of fuel to the carburetor during the operation of the car's engine in the room, use a hoseless local suction or union hoses to remove exhaust gases into the atmosphere.

3.10. If the car is installed above the inspection ditch, to cross it, as well as to work in front of the car and behind it, use the transitional bridges.

3.11. Remove and install the carburetor and fuel pump only when the engine is cold.

Unscrew the fuel line fittings, flange fastening nuts with wrenches. It is forbidden to unscrew nuts, fittings with pliers, chisels and a hammer.

3.12. Before removing the carburetor, remove the air filter. Move the disconnected choke control and hand throttle control cables to the side.

3.13. Unbend the ends of the cotter pins of the throttle drive rod with the help of pliers.

It is forbidden to unbend the ends of the cotter pins by hand.

3.14. When unscrewing the fuel line fittings, place a tray or can under the disconnection point.

3.15. When installing a fuel pump carburetor on the engine, check the tightness of the fuel line connections and the integrity of the gasket.

3.16. Remove and install the muffler pipe after the car is installed above the inspection ditch and after the engine has cooled down.

3.17. Disconnect the engine mudguard before removing the muffler intake pipe. Use a socket wrench to loosen or tighten nuts.

3.18. If the bolts for fastening the muffler pipe to the exhaust pipe are horizontal, repair work should be carried out from the side of the upper part of the engine.

3.19. Before unscrewing, it is easy to tap rusted and burnt nuts with a hammer, moisten the thread with kerosene and only unscrew after some time.

3.20. Remove the air blower from diesel engines and put it on the engine using lifting and transport mechanisms, which are equipped with grippers and guarantee the safety of work.

3.21. Dismantling and assembly of fuel pumps should be carried out on special stands with devices for their fastening.

3.22. When repairing fuel appliances operating on leaded gasoline, adhere to the following rules:

3.22.1. Work only in overalls, regularly handing it over for washing and disposal.

3.22.2. It is forbidden to take out overalls from the workshop, to walk in them to the dining room and amenity premises.

3.22.3. Carefully wipe the carburetor, fuel pump before disassembly with a rag soaked in kerosene or an alkaline solution.

3.22.4. After dismantling, wash all parts with kerosene or an alkaline solution.

3.22.5. If leaded gasoline comes into contact with hands or skin, wash these places with kerosene, and then with warm water and soap.

3.22.6. For pouring leaded gasoline, special devices should be used; it is forbidden to pour it with a hose, sucking it in by mouth.

3.23. Carburetors, fuel pumps running on leaded gasoline should be repaired only in specially equipped rooms with mechanical ventilation and gasoline-resistant floors.

3.24. The fuel system should be purged using an air pump connected to the compressed air distribution system and equipped with a moisture separator.

In this case, the air pressure in the distribution system should not exceed 0,5 MPa. Mouth blowing is prohibited.

3.25. When blowing out parts with compressed air, do not point hoses at people or at yourself.

3.26. Dismantling and assembly of the pump-injector should be carried out using special devices.

3.27. When checking the operation of the nozzle on the stand, do not put your hand under the sprayer.

3.28. It is forbidden:

3.28.1. Proceed to maintenance or repair of fuel equipment in cases of detection of fuel leakage from the fuel tank, fuel lines and system devices.

3.28.2. Proceed to maintenance or repair of fuel equipment if gas leakage is detected with closed valves on a gas-balloon vehicle.

3.28.3. Use an open fire in the room where the repair and adjustment of fuel equipment is carried out.

3.28.4. Suck gasoline in your mouth.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Turn off ventilation and equipment.

4.2. Tidy up the workplace.

4.3. Thoroughly clean the tools and accessories from the remnants of leaded gasoline with a cleaning cloth well moistened with kerosene, wipe with a dry cloth, and then put them in the place provided for them.

It is forbidden to drain the remains of kerosene and other flammable liquids into the sewer.

4.4. Spilled leaded gasoline should be wiped up immediately, the spill site should be neutralized with bleach solution.

4.5. Cleaning material contaminated with leaded gasoline should be placed in a metal container with a tight lid. Do not use metal tools to clean gasoline spills.

4.6. Remove overalls, personal protective equipment, put away in the place intended for them.

4.7. Wash hands, face with warm water and soap; shower if possible. Do not use leaded gasoline for handwashing.

4.8. Report to the head of work on all the shortcomings that occurred during work.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. An emergency situation may arise in the event of: electric shock, explosion, fire, burns, oil spills, etc.

5.2. In the event of an emergency, immediately stop work, disconnect consumers of electricity, compressed air from the power supply, protect the danger zone, prevent unauthorized persons from entering it, report what has happened to the work manager.

5.3. Cement and asphalt coatings are neutralized with bleach, after 15-20 minutes. wash it off with water.

When neutralizing wooden floors, this operation is carried out twice.

5.4. If a large amount of leaded gasoline is spilled, the contaminated place is covered with sawdust (sand), then the sawdust (sand) is swept into a pile and collected with a scoop in a bucket with a lid; take out to a specially designated place; douse sawdust with kerosene and burn it, and roast the sand.

5.5. If there are victims, provide them with first aid; if necessary, call an ambulance.

5.6. Providing first aid.

5.6.1. First aid for electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state of recovery, it is necessary to start immediately, and then call an "ambulance".

5.6.2. First aid for injury.

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.6.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.6.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkalis.

If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly washed with water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burnt with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids.

In case of contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes of acid or alkali, it is necessary to rinse the eyes thoroughly with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, wash them with a 2% solution of baking soda, and burnt alkali with a 3% solution of boric acid or a 3% solution of acetic acid. acids.

In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.

If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe with a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray bottle, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.

5.6.5. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.6.6. First aid for bleeding.

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

raise the injured limb up;
close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.6.7. If leaded gasoline gets into your eyes, wash your hands immediately, and then rinse your eyes with a bandage or cotton wool (sterile if possible) with saline or clean warm water (at least cold).

5.6.8. In case of acute poisoning with gasoline vapors, the victim is immediately taken out (taken out) to fresh air, untied, unfastened clothes and urgently taken to the hospital.

5.6.9. In case of loss of consciousness, weakening of breathing, you should immediately call a doctor, and before his arrival, give the victim a breath of oxygen, smell ammonia, and give him artificial respiration in the fresh air.

If the victim regains consciousness, it is necessary to give him strong tea or coffee to drink.

Do not give medicines, wine, vodka. In winter, before taking the victim to fresh air, it must be warmly covered.

5.7. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department.

Oil products should be extinguished with powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

5.8. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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