Instructions for labor protection when working with a jack

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when working with a jack

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. This instruction applies to the adjustable mechanism for lifting loads to a small height when acting on the load from below (jack).

1.2. By order of the employer, employees of the main professions who have undergone a medical examination, introductory and workplace briefings on labor protection and have mastered safe methods of working with a jack are allowed to work with a jack by order of the employer.

1.3. Repeated briefing on labor protection when working with a jack should be carried out within the time limits provided for the briefing in the main profession of the employee, as well as in case of violation of the requirements of the labor protection instructions.

1.4. Instruction on labor protection when working with a jack is carried out by an employee responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes in a specific area of work, appointed by order (instruction) of the employer.

Appointment is carried out with the written consent of the employees who are responsible.

1.5. Re-testing the knowledge of workers admitted to work with jacks is carried out by the employer's commission:

periodically (at least once every 12 months);
when moving to work in another organization;
at the request of an engineering and technical worker for supervision of the safe operation of hoisting machines or responsible for ensuring labor protection during the operation of machines and equipment.

The results of the repeated examination of the knowledge of employees using jacks are recorded in the journal of the periodic examination of personnel knowledge.

1.6. Workers using the jack need to know:

this manual, as well as the manufacturer's manual for the operation of the jack;
device and purpose of the jack, its parameters and technical characteristics;
the timing and results of maintenance, repairs and periodic inspections;
safe methods of working with a jack;
engineering and technical workers responsible for maintaining lifting machines in good condition, workers responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes, mechanics for the repair and maintenance of jacks;
location and arrangement of fire extinguishing equipment and the procedure for their use.

1.7. In the process of working with a jack, the employee is affected by the following dangerous and harmful production factors: moving machines and mechanisms, unfavorable microclimate parameters, increased dust content in the air of the working area.

1.8. Overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment are issued to employees in accordance with applicable standards and in accordance with the work performed.

1.9. Overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment should be stored in specially designated areas in compliance with the storage rules and used in good condition.

1.10. If any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, you should contact the employee responsible for the safe performance of work at this production site.

1.11. It is not allowed to operate faulty jacks and load them above the passport load capacity. Responsibility for work on a faulty jack, along with the employees responsible for maintaining it in good condition and operation, is borne by the employee using the jack.

1.12. An employee using a jack must follow the instructions of an engineering and technical employee responsible for maintaining lifting machines in good condition, and in terms of work performance - responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes.

1.13. In the event of an accident, the worker using the jack must stop work, notify management and seek medical attention.

1.14. An employee using a jack must comply with the internal regulations of the organization and personal hygiene.

1.15. During work, you should observe the regime of work and rest. Rest and smoke is allowed in specially designated areas.

1.16. For violation of the requirements of this instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, an employee using a jack should:

to put on correctly the overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment that are in accordance with the norms and are in good condition;
make an external inspection of the jack, make sure that it is in good condition, that it has a stamp or tag with the designation of the number, test date and load capacity.

2.2. When inspecting rack and pinion jacks, you should make sure that the teeth, gears and racks, screw threads, ratchet, pawls, ratchet are in good condition, that there are no cracks, broken parts and burrs on the body of the jack and brake device, check the tightening of bolted connections and the condition of locking devices that exclude exit screw or rail when the stem is in the upper extreme position.

2.3. When inspecting a hydraulic jack, check the condition of the body, cuffs and gaskets, locking needle, threaded connections.

Clean working fluid should be poured using a measuring vessel. Before pouring, it must be filtered through a metal mesh (from a wire with a diameter of at least 0,12 mm with 1200 - 1300 holes per 1 cm2).

2.4. After inspecting the jack, before starting its operation, it is necessary to test the empty mechanism of lifting and lowering and check the serviceability of the safety devices.

2.5. The jack prepared for work should work under full load without jamming.

2.6. If, during the inspection and testing of the jack, faults are found that impede safe operation, and it is impossible to eliminate them on their own, the employee must notify the person responsible for the safe operation of cranes and the engineering and technical worker responsible for maintaining the hoisting machines in good working order. condition.

2.7. An employee using a jack is not allowed to start work if:

there are cracks or deformations in the design of the mechanism, bolted or riveted connections are loosened;
the screw head or rail does not rotate freely by hand;
there is no notch on the supporting surfaces of the housings;
wear of gear teeth and racks exceeds 20%;
bent rail and screw;
the ratchet mechanism has a backlash;
fluid leaks from the working cylinders;
check valve allows fluid to pass through;
the locking needle is rotated by means of a knob with great effort.

2.8. Inspect wooden calculations (sleepers, beams, boards 40 - 50 mm thick) placed under the base of the jack body and metal supports (goats) or steel linings in the form of half rings used to hold the load in a raised state.

2.9. After inspecting and testing the jack, obtaining a work permit from the employee responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes, work should be started.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. When performing work using a jack, an employee should be guided by the requirements and instructions set forth in the jack operating manual, production instructions, and work execution project. The employee is not allowed to be distracted from his direct duties, clean, lubricate and repair the jack, allow strangers to the work site and transfer work with the jack to other workers without the permission of the engineering and technical worker responsible for performing work with cranes.

3.2. The lifted load (equipment and machines) must be de-energized and inoperative. Persons on the load and under it are not allowed.

3.3. When performing work with a jack, the employee should be guided by the following rules:

under the jack it is necessary to put a wooden lining (sleeper, bar, board 40 - 50 mm thick) with an area larger than the base of the jack body, depending on the mass of the load being lifted;
the jack must be installed strictly in a vertical position in relation to the load being lifted, when moving it - without skew to the supporting part of the load;
the head (leg) of the jack should rest against the strong nodes of the lifted load (equipment, machine) in order to avoid their breakage, shifting an elastic gasket between the head (leg) and the load;
the head (paw) of the jack must be supported by its entire plane in order to prevent the load from slipping during lifting;
when lifting a load with a rack jack, the pawl must be thrown over the ratchet;
all rotating parts of the drive must be freely (without jamming) turned by hand;
during lifting, the stability of the load should be monitored;
as the load is lifted, gaskets should be laid, and when it is lowered, they should be gradually removed;
to hold the load in a raised state, it is necessary to use safety stands (tragus) or a stable support (sleeper cage);
work should only be done with gloves.

3.4. When holding the load in a raised state with hydraulic jacks, to protect against sudden lowering of the piston when the pressure in the cylinder drops for any reason, special steel linings in the form of half rings should be placed under the piston head between the cylinder and the load. When holding the load for a long time, it should be supported on the half rings and the pressure should be relieved.

3.5. The release of the jack from under the lifted load and its rearrangement are allowed only after the load is securely fixed in the raised position or laid on stable supports.

3.6. It is not allowed to use extension cords (pipes) put on the jack handle, remove the jack handles before lowering the load on the linings and leave the load on the jack during a break in work, as well as weld pipes or corners to the legs of the jacks.

3.7. Lifting a load whose mass is unknown should be carried out only after determining its actual mass.

3.8. It is not allowed to use a jack:

for tilting cargo;
in the absence of a special tag or brand of the manufacturer;
for lifting products that do not have mass markings;
in the case of transferring work with a jack to employees who do not have a permit for this, as well as admission to independent work of students and interns without control over their actions;
when the driver or other people are in the cab or vehicle interior during lifting.

3.9. In the field, when lifting and placing a vehicle on a jack, the jack should only be placed on firm ground.

When installing the jack on loose viscous soil, special boards should be placed under it to ensure a stable position.

3.10. The employee using the jack must lower the load, stop work and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes in case of malfunctions specified in clause 2.7, as well as in the following cases:

in case of breakage of the metal structure of the jack;
in the event of a situation involving the absence or lack of illumination of the place of work with a jack, heavy snowfall or fog;
when the air temperature drops below the jack specified in the passport;
when the jack lifting axis deviates from the vertical;
when residual deformation appears in the jack mechanism;
when observing the spontaneous lowering of the piston by more than 1,5 mm.

3.11. It is not allowed to work and be under a vehicle raised by a jack, without installing special safety stands (tragus).

3.12. After the repair or technical examination of the jack, the employee should familiarize himself with the results in the register and inspection of rigging equipment, mechanisms and fixtures, where the dates of the next tests should be indicated.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If factors arise when working with a jack that can cause an accident or an accident (cracks in the structure, bent or broken axles, etc.), as well as when knocking, roaring, crackling occurs, the worker using the jack must:

stop lifting the load;
lower the load, and if this is not possible, take measures to protect the place of lifting the load;
find out the cause of the emergency, informing the employee responsible for the safe performance of work.

4.2. In the event of an accident, you should:

take measures to release the victim from the action of the traumatic factor;
provide the victim with first aid, depending on the type of injury;
notify the management of the organization about the incident and take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical institution.

4.3. In the event of a fire:

stop working;
lower the load;
call the fire brigade and inform the management of the organization;
start extinguishing the fire using the fire extinguishing equipment available at the work site.

4.4. In the event of natural disasters (hurricane, earthquake, etc.):

stop working;
lower the load to the ground (platform);
leave the work area and go to a safe place.

4.5. If during work an accident or an accident occurs to an employee using a jack, it is necessary to inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes and ensure the safety of the situation at the time of the accident or accident, if this does not pose a danger to the life and health of others.

4.6. The employee using the jack should inform the engineering and technical worker responsible for maintaining the lifting machines in good condition about all emergencies.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. At the end of work, the employee using the jack must:

release the jack from the load, clean it from dust and dirt and bring it to the transport position;
put the jack in the place specified for storage (transportation);
remove additional devices (tragus, support platforms or half rings) in storage places, having previously cleaned them of dust and dirt;
inform the engineering and technical worker responsible for maintaining the jack in good condition with information about the defects and malfunctions of the components and elements of the jack identified during operation.

5.2. Remove overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment, deposit in the prescribed manner.

5.3. Wash face and hands with warm water and soap, take a shower.

5.4. When handing over a shift, the shift worker should be informed of all malfunctions in the operation of the jack.

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