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Labor protection instruction for skidder operator

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

General labor protection requirements are set out in the instructions "General requirements for labor protection for workers engaged in logging and forestry work".

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Receive instructions from the foreman or foreman on which area to perform the work. Unauthorized relocation to other areas is not permitted.

2.2. Make sure that the machine components and technological equipment are in good condition. The following are subject to inspection: fastening of technological equipment, cabin fencing, sound signal, lighting devices, glazing, fastening of protective grilles. The presence of a fire extinguisher, a first aid kit and a thermos with drinking water is checked.

2.3. All operations to regulate technological equipment, maintenance and repair should be carried out with the engine stopped.

2.4. When refueling the machine with fuel and oil, it is necessary to use special devices that exclude spillage of fuel and lubricants.

2.5. Before starting the engine, the operator must make sure that the control handles of the machine and attached technological equipment are in the neutral position, the hydraulic system is turned off, and there are no foreign objects on the rotating parts of the engine and transmission.

2.6. Engine heating in winter for machines that do not have pre-start heating should be carried out with hot water, steam, mobile heat generators or individual heaters. It is not allowed to use open fire to heat the engine and hydraulic system units of the machine.

2.7. When inspecting and repairing the manipulator boom, cylinders, hydraulic hoses, as well as other components and parts located at a height of more than 1,5 m, you should use an inventory ladder or a special overpass with a solid floor.

2.8. After starting the engine, the driver must check all the mechanisms of the machine and technological equipment at idle speed. If any malfunctions are found, if they cannot be eliminated on your own, you should report them to a mechanic or technician. It is not permitted to work on a machine that is faulty or has not undergone timely maintenance.

2.9. Before starting to move, the driver must make sure that there are no people near the car or in its path, give a signal and only then start moving.

2.10. When moving the machine over a distance of more than 50 m, the technological equipment must be brought into the transport position.

2.11. The area at a distance of the height of a double tree stand, but not less than 50 m from the felling site, as well as a distance of 10 m around the perimeter from stacks or individual trees and canes processed by a delimber or other machine outside the stack, is a dangerous zone, and from the side of the probable movement of people (logging trail, skidding trail, road, trail, etc.) must be fenced with safety signs.

2.12. The working area for the delimbing machine must be level, the undergrowth must be cleared, and the stumps must be cut flush with the ground.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. The employee must perform only the work that is entrusted to him by his immediate supervisor.

3.2. There must be one driver on the machine during operation.

3.3. Driving a vehicle under overhead communication or power lines, as well as under suspended cable systems, must be carried out taking into account the height dimensions.

3.4. When working, the operator of the skidding machine must comply with the following safety requirements:

• make turns of the machine in places where there are no stumps and other obstacles;
• drive downhill and overcome obstacles in first gear;
• move over fallen trees at right angles to them, and through ditches and ditches - at an angle of 15 - 20°;
• when driving over bridges or under road crossings, follow the road signs, and if there are none, drive through only after a thorough inspection of the bridge or crossing;
• do not leave the car on a slope. In case of a forced temporary stop, brake, place stops under the tracks (wheels), lower the boom and pusher to the ground.

3.5. When felling trees, a minimum distance of 50 meters must be maintained between the machine felling the forest and other machines working in the cutting area. When pruning branches, the distance is 10 m around the perimeter from stacks or individual trees being processed and by other machines in the cutting area.

3.6. Entry into the danger zone may only be permitted by the driver felling trees or clearing branches. To do this, it is necessary to give a signal to the driver from the border of the dangerous zone and enter it only when a response permitting signal is received.

3.7. The skidder driver is not allowed to:

• sharply brake and turn the boom and the machine; stick your head out of the cab while working; work in a car with an open door and broken windows; get in and out of the cab while moving or while operating technological equipment;
• leave the car unattended while the engine is running; stand under raised technological equipment;
• crawl under the machine for inspection and repair, lubricate and adjust technological equipment while the engine is running;
• smoking in the cab when refueling the machine and hydraulic system;
• work in oiled and combustible clothing;
• operate hydraulic distributors not from the cab;
• transport people in a car;
• when stopping the machine and needing to get out, leave the working element (boom, pusher, hydraulic manipulator, etc.) in the non-lowered position;
• work on slopes whose values ​​exceed those specified in the technical documentation for the operation of a specific type of machine.

3.8. If a violation of the danger zone is detected, work on the machine must be stopped immediately.

3.9. It is not allowed to cut down trees by the roots and to use a machine to cut down trees whose diameter is larger than that specified in the technical documentation for the operation of a particular type of machine.

3.10. Trees with reverse and side slopes can be felled by LP-49 machines if the angles of inclination do not exceed the following values:

3.11. Logging of forests with feller-skidders and skidding tractors with a gripper (manipulator) after felling of trees with felling and feller-bunching machines is carried out along an unprepared drag. In this case, the skidding trail is conventionally considered to be the trace of a felling or feller-buncher machine. When moving with a pack, you must avoid obstacles (tall stumps, boulders, holes, etc.) and avoid sharp turns.

3.12. Steep descents and ascents must be overcome only in gears of the operating range. In this case, you must not turn off the engine, engage the clutch, or perform sharp braking or turns.

When driving a car with a pack on the slopes, gear shifting is prohibited.

3.13. It is not allowed to remove hanging trees with a chokerless skidder.

3.14. When skidding the forest with a tractor using a gripper, it is not allowed:

• the movement of a tractor with a grip dragging along the ground and its equipment;
• movement and lifting of the tractor to a pack of whips with a lowered and closed grip;
• approach of the tractor to the pack of tree-lengths at an angle of more than 10° to its longitudinal axis;
• clamping by gripping the butt of the whips at a distance of less than 0,5 m from the end;
• movement of the tractor with the load in case of incomplete clamping of the pack of whips by the gripper.

3.15. To pick up a bundle using a gripper, the driver must move the tractor back, lower the shield and level the butt, lower and open the gripper over the formed bundle. When the tractor is moving without a load, the gripper must be closed and pulled up to the arch with a rope.

3.16. When skidding, the driver must make sure that no one is in the dangerous 10-meter zone around the stack of sticks (trees) being formed and the tractor moving with it.

3.17. The movement of delimbing, felling-delimbing-skidding, felling-delimbing-crossing and other machines that carry out pulling trees is not allowed while pulling the tree.

3.18. When transporting a bunch of trees to a delimbing machine or when it is necessary to remove branches from it, as well as in other cases that require approaching the machine, pulling trees should be stopped.

3.19. The operator of a machine that combines operations (felling - clearing trees from branches - skidding - bucking) must comply with all labor protection and safety requirements related to the specific operation in which the machine operates.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If instrument readings indicate insufficient engine oil pressure or elevated coolant temperature, you must immediately stop the skidder and turn off the engine. After the engine has cooled, measure the oil level, inspect the oil pipeline system and eliminate any identified defects.

Open the radiator cap to check the coolant level with extreme caution, avoiding burns. First, loosen it by releasing steam, and then remove the cap on the neck. In this case, you need to work only in mittens.

4.2. If the chain of the saw mechanism breaks on machines used for felling, determine the size of the unsawn part of the wood by the position of the saw bar to assess the stability of the tree. If the undercut is insignificant, plant the tree. If there is a large undercut, release the bar from the cut, take a spare saw chain and replace it.

4.3. If the cabin door is jammed, it is necessary to use the exit through the opening windows; if it is impossible to use them, squeeze out or break the glass and leave the cab.

4.4. If it is necessary to eliminate the malfunction that has arisen during operation and maintenance, it is necessary to turn off the machine engine.

4.5. Disconnection of high-pressure hydraulic hoses from the cylinder of the working parts must be carried out after they are opened (LP-49, LP-18 machines) or lowered (manipulator).

4.6. In the event of a fire, a fire extinguisher in the cab must be used to extinguish the flame.

4.7. The operation of skidding machines must be stopped during heavy rain, thunderstorms, heavy snowfall, thick fog (visibility less than 50 m), and at night, if the illumination of working areas is less than that established by artificial lighting standards. In mountain cutting areas, felling and skidding should be stopped when the wind speed is more than 8,5 m/s, and in flat areas - only felling when the wind speed is more than 11 m/s.

4.8. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager of each accident.

4.9. Each worker must be able to provide first aid. Assistance must be provided immediately at the scene of the incident. The first step is to eliminate the source of injury (turn off the engine, stop the mechanism, remove the victim from under the whip, etc.).

The provision of assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens the health or life of a person: in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and then bandage the wound; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint; with open fractures, you should first bandage the wound, and then apply a splint; for burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues.

If spinal injuries are suspected, the victim can only be transported in the supine position on a rigid base.

After providing first aid, the victim should be sent to the nearest medical facility.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Upon completion of work, you should:

• park the car;
• bring the process equipment to the transport position, lower the boom and the pusher to the ground;
• bring the control handles of the tractor and technological equipment to the neutral position;
• turn off the hydraulic pumps, stop the engine, disconnect the battery, close the cab door with a lock;
• clean the car from dirt and branches;
• When parking in cold weather, drain the water from the radiator and engine cooling system, remove the battery.

5.2. Any deficiencies in the field of labor protection must be reported to the foreman or the relevant work manager.

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