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Instruction on labor protection for parquet floor

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. To perform parquet work, persons are allowed at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination and are recognized as fit to work in this profession, have passed an introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire safety, primary instruction, training, knowledge testing on labor protection issues, internship at workplace and have received a certificate for the right to work independently.

1.2. The parquet floorer's admission to independent work is issued by a written order for the enterprise.

1.3. Re-instruction is carried out after three months. A periodic safety inspection is carried out every one year.

1.4. When new or revised safety rules for the performance of work are put into effect, after an accident or accident that occurred at an enterprise or in a workshop (section) due to a violation by workers of labor protection rules, and when facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of workers of labor protection instructions are established, there may be scheduled an extraordinary examination of knowledge.

1.5. The parquet worker is not allowed to work in the following cases:

• when appearing at work in a state of alcoholic or drug intoxication;
• in the absence of overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the current norms and rules on labor protection;
• in a painful condition;
• in case of violation of the rules, norms and instructions for labor protection.

1.6. The parquet worker submits to the foreman of the site, and in the process of work - to the foreman and performs only the work that is entrusted to him.

1.7. The parker must:

• perform the work for which he was instructed and approved by the master, qualitatively and on time;
• keep equipment and workplace clean and tidy;
• work only with serviceable tools, devices and mechanisms;
• comply with the internal labor regulations, the rules for the safe conduct of parquet work and fire safety in force at the enterprise.

1.8. The parquet worker must be familiar with the dangerous and harmful production factors affecting the worker. This is the possibility of poisoning with harmful fumes, injury, fire hazard.

1.9. In the presence of dangerous and harmful production factors, the parquet floorer must additionally use personal protective equipment:

• for manual and mechanical sharpening and sanding of parquet floors - goggles ("Monoblock-2" or S1-BTs);
• in contact with a coating of oil-resistant and fire-resistant materials;
• in the presence of aerosols, vapors of organic solvents, polishes, varnishes, preparation of mastics, priming of bases - an ASM breathing machine or a respirator;
• when working with an electrified tool - vibration-protective gloves.

1.10. For violation of labor protection rules and this instruction, the perpetrators are liable in the manner prescribed by law and internal regulations.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the parquet floorer must:

• receive a task from the master;
• put on the overalls established by the norms, carefully tuck them in so that there are no hanging ends;
• inspect the workplace, remove unnecessary items and materials, clear the aisles, make sure that the workplace is sufficiently illuminated;
• check the integrity of electrical protective equipment, on step-down transformers, check the serviceability of the cable insulation, the presence of grounding of the transformer case and the secondary winding, the presence of protective shields for terminals on the high and low sides;
• make sure that the tools and fixtures are in good condition.

2.2. Hand tools must have smooth handles made of hardwood (beech, hornbeam, dogwood or birch) and securely fastened working parts.

Cutting tools (planing knives, plows, chisels, chisels, etc.) must be sharpened.

Files, screwdrivers, chisels, chisels and other tools with sharp ends for fitting handles are prohibited to use without handles.

2.3. Circular saws and planers must have pushers to advance short workpieces.

Machines, machine tools and power tools must have good insulation and plug connections, and working parts (circular saw blade, planer and planer knives) are well sharpened, fixed, and not cracked.

2.4. It is necessary to check the serviceability of the machine, machine tool, power tool at idle, making sure that the grounding of the motor housing, as well as fences and starting devices, is in good condition.

2.5. To work on woodworking machines, a parquet floorer trained according to a special program, who has an appropriate certificate and is familiar with the instructions for labor protection, which is posted at the workplace, is allowed.

2.6. Mechanized tools, mechanisms and other current collectors should be connected to the electrical network only with the help of devices designed for this purpose.

2.7. In the performance of work related to the use of open fire, you must obtain a permit for the production of hot work.

2.8. Premises for storing materials must be equipped with fire-fighting equipment.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Keep work area and aisles clean. Wood waste, as it accumulates at workplaces and at the end of work, should be disposed of in specially designated places.

3.2. Materials should be stored as follows:

• parquet in bundles - in a separate dry closed room with stacking, the height of which, when stacked in rows, is not more than the width of the stack;
• varnishes, solvents, polishes - in hermetically sealed containers in a specially equipped fire-resistant and ventilated room.

3.3. Varnishes, polishes containing flammable and harmful substances should be stored in a closed container in a dark room at a distance of at least 2 m from heating devices.

3.4. When carrying lumber (varnishes, boards) by hand, the carriers must stand tall and carry the load only on the right or left shoulder. It is necessary to throw off the shoulders or lower the material brought up at the same time on the command to the prepared surface or platform.

3.5. It is necessary to lift parquet products in packages using special devices (containers), which exclude the loss of individual elements from the package.

It is forbidden to lift the load supplied by the crane directly into the door (window) openings without the installation of external load receiving platforms.

3.6. For carrying and storing tools, the parquet floorer must use an individual bag, a portable hand box. Sharp parts of the tool must be protected with covers.

3.7. When sharpening a tool on a machine with an abrasive stone, a parquet floorer needs to:

• check the integrity and strength of fixing the abrasive stone and the protective cover;
• use goggles in the absence of a protective screen;
• during sharpening, stand on the side of the circle;
• adjust the hand rest of the machine so that the gap between the hand rest and the circle does not exceed 3 mm;
• bring the tool to be sharpened to the circle gradually to eliminate the possibility of jamming the tool and breaking the circle;
• do not sharpen on the side surfaces of the circle;
• monitor the proper grounding of the motor housing.

3.8. When working with a hand tool, you should:

• in all cases, put the cutting tool with the blade down;
• guide the saw blade at risk with the help of a stop, it is forbidden to cut the material on the knee; it is forbidden to guide the saw by hand; when sawing, place the material on spacers or on a workbench;
• when working, direct the chisel so that the blade passes outside the hand, do not support the workpiece in the direction of the blade;
• it is forbidden to clean the planer from chips with your fingers from the sole of the planer;
• when working with a planing tool, place it with the blade away from you.

3.9. When working on machines, machine tools and power tools:

• monitor the serviceability and reliability of the grounding of the motor housing;
• working parts must be protected by protective covers;
• perform work after the mechanism picks up the normal number of revolutions and makes a smooth sound;
• while working on a circular saw and an electric planer, be on the sidelines and feed the workpieces with the help of a special device - a block with a handle;
• make sure that the contact power wires in the places of passage are suspended, not damaged and have good insulation; prevent the formation of loops and tension on the supply wire.

The saw teeth must be evenly spaced. It is necessary to ensure that there are no cracks on the saw blade and the knife of the electric planer.

3.10. When performing work with power tools and machines, it is prohibited:

• allow overheating and overloading of the power tool;
• brake rotating parts with hands or any objects;
• lubricate the power tool during operation;
• leave unattended machines, tools that are not disconnected from the mains;
• keep hands close to rotating parts;
• stand against the cutting part;
• handle icy material;
• feed the processed material in jerks;
• store the processed material on the machine table or fence.

3.11. It is forbidden to clean, repair equipment, remove waste, tighten wedges, nuts until the rotating parts come to a complete stop, as well as use machines and mechanisms for other than their intended purpose. It is not allowed to use compressed air to clean machines and workplaces from sawdust and dust.

3.12. It is forbidden to correct and adjust the tool, use it if even a slight current leakage is felt. The parquet floorer has no right to transfer the power tool to other persons. Only an electrician should connect mechanisms and power tools to electric switches, as well as make repairs.

3.13. Before planing the parquet, it is necessary to drown the protruding nails, straighten the protruding and recessed riveting.

3.14. When operating a parquet planer and parquet grinder, it is necessary:

• check the fastening of knives and other components, the correct connection of the machines to the mains, the correct rotation of the knife drum (in the direction of the arrow on the housing cover);
• regularly lubricate the machine, tighten the threaded connections;
• work in dielectric gloves and galoshes, checking the reliability of grounding;
• during work, do not let go of the handles, but during a break, turn off the machine by disconnecting the plug connections;
• do not allow unauthorized persons to work with the machine;
• when planing and sanding parquet, remove shavings or sawdust from under cutting tools no closer than 1 m from the machine.

3.15. When installing parquet floors on mastic, it is necessary to follow the rules of labor protection when cooking, heating, transporting and applying hot mastics.

3.16. The preparation of bituminous mastic should be carried out outdoors in a container specially designed for this, installed from sources of open fire at a distance of no closer than 50 m.

When installing a bitumen boiler in the open air, a fireproof canopy is arranged above it. Bituminous mastics should be heated indoors in electric bitumen cookers. It is forbidden to use for this purpose devices with open fire (open electric stoves, etc.)

3.17. When preparing bituminous mastic, it is necessary:

• use the right tools and equipment;
• load the boiler no more than 3/4 of its volume with dry bitumen;
• while mixing, pour the heated bitumen into gasoline, stirring with wooden mixers.

The place of preparation of mastic should be fenced off.

3.18. The finished mastic should be poured into a container with a tight-fitting lid with a special scoop with a handle 1,6 m long. To carry bituminous mastic, special cone-shaped tanks are used, expanding downwards, with tight-fitting lids.

3.19. When preparing and using bituminous mastics, it is prohibited:

• pour gasoline and other solvents into hot bitumen;
• use leaded gasoline and benzene;
• open containers with mastic with a chisel and hammer;
• carry the mastic up the stairs (ladders);
• transfer tanks with mastic from hand to hand to a height;
• smoke and be with an open fire at the cans, tanks with mastic.

3.20. Mastics spilled on the floor should be cleaned with rags, sawdust or dry sand.

3.21. When applying a primer and laying parquet on hot mastics, a large amount of fumes of flammable substances are formed, which, if a spark appears, can lead to an explosion and severe burns to workers.

For the safety of work, the following requirements must be met;

• the premises in which the primer is made, the laying of parquet floors on mastics must be ventilated;
• smoking, lighting matches is prohibited;
• in the section where the laying of parquet, tiles on hot mastic is carried out, the operation of heaters, gas burners and other sources of fire is not allowed, and gas welding and electric welding are not allowed, regardless of the number of storeys;
• only workers involved in laying parquet should be in the section;
• the area of ​​the pasting layer of mastic should not be more than 0,6 m2, the distance between the links of workers, who simultaneously stick the parquet on the mastic in one room, should be at least 6-8 m.

3.22. When laying the base for parquet floors, it is forbidden to walk on loose logs.

At the same time, the parquet floorer should hold the nail not at the lower end, but under the head, the box with nails should be placed on the left side.

3.23. Eating and smoking are prohibited in the workplace.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. After finishing work, the parquet floorer must:

• disconnect the tool, machines from the mains and lock the starting switches with a lock;
• wipe and lubricate the rubbing parts of machines and mechanisms;
• clean hand and mechanized tools, fixtures and put them in a place intended for storage.

4.2. At the end of cooking or heating of the bituminous mastic, turn off the boiler furnace (to do this, first close the fuel valve) or disconnect the thermos for heating the mastic from the mains, clean the tank for heating the mastic and disconnect it from the mains.

4.3. Ventilate the room where the parquet was pasted on bituminous mastic.

4.4. Clean the primer brushes with diesel fuel and store them in a closed box.

4.5. Tidy up the workplace, remove construction debris and foreign objects from the aisles; about all the problems noticed during work, inform the master (foreman), mechanic.

4.6. Take off overalls, safety shoes and put them in order, clean other personal protective equipment from dust. Wash face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower. Do not wash your hands with various solvents.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. If smoke is detected or a fire occurs, a fire must be immediately notified to the master, a fire alarm should be declared and the fire brigade should be informed using the nearest telephone.

At the same time, stop work and take measures to eliminate the fire using the available primary fire extinguishing means (fire extinguishers, water, sand, etc.) according to the source of the fire.

Extinguish flammable mastic with dry sand or a foam fire extinguisher. Water extinguishing is prohibited.

5.2. In the event of an unexpected appearance of gas in the operating workshops, you should immediately put on a gas mask, stop work and leave the danger zone, informing the work manager.

5.3. Report each accident, accident, fire and other dangers threatening an accident or accident to the foreman of the site, organize first aid to the victim and send him to a medical facility, maintain the workplace situation and the condition of the equipment as they were until the investigation at the time of the incident, and do not start work until they are eliminated.

5.4. First aid.

5.4.1. First aid for electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this condition, revival must begin immediately, and then call an ambulance.

5.4.2. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.4.3. First aid for burns with acids and alkalis.

If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly washed with water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burnt with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids.

In case of contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes of acid or meadows, it is necessary to rinse the eyes thoroughly with a fork of water for 15-20 minutes, wash with a 2% solution of baking soda, and a burnt meadow with a 3% solution of boric acid or a 3% solution of acetic acids.

In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.

If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe with a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray bottle, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.

5.4.4. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burnt area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.5. In all cases, follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the consequences of an emergency.

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