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Labor protection instructions for installers of internal sanitary systems and equipment. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. The instruction on labor protection (hereinafter referred to as the instruction) was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On labor protection" and establishes the rules for the performance of work and the behavior of an employee on the territory of the enterprise, in production premises and at the workplace in accordance with state, intersectoral and sectoral regulations about labor protection.

1.2. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.3. In accordance with Article 18 of the Law of Ukraine "On labor protection", an employee is obliged to "know and comply with the requirements of regulatory acts on labor protection, the rules for handling machines, mechanisms, equipment and other means of production, use collective and individual protective equipment, undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations.

1.4. Depending on the specific conditions of the organization of the production process, as well as in connection with the accidents and accidents, the instructions may be amended and supplemented, which are set out on a separate sheet signed by the head of the relevant structural unit.

1.5. The instruction is a mandatory regulatory document for installers of internal sanitary systems and equipment engaged in construction production.

1.6. Persons who have been trained in safe methods and techniques for performing work and have received the appropriate certificate are allowed to carry out work on the installation of internal sanitary systems. Before completing training, workers are not allowed to work independently.

Periodic work safety knowledge checks are carried out annually.

1.7. The installer must undergo the following safety briefings:

a) introductory - when applying for a job;

b) primary - at the workplace;

c) repeated - at least once every 3 months;

d) unscheduled - in case of violation of labor safety requirements, which led or could lead to an accident or an accident; when changing the technological process or existing regulations on labor protection; during a break in work in the specialty for more than 60 calendar days;

f) targeted - when performing one-time work not directly related to duties in the specialty, eliminating an accident, natural disaster, carrying out work for which a work permit, permit and other documents are issued.

1.8. The installer must use the following personal protective equipment:

• cotton overalls - wear period 12 months;
• combined mittens - wear period 1 month;
• leather boots with a hard toe cap - wearing time is 12 months.

Permanently employed only in outdoor work in winter additionally:

• cotton jacket with insulated lining - wearing period 36 months;
• cotton trousers with insulated lining - wearing period is 36 months;
• felt boots - wearing period 48 months.

1.9. To carry the tool, you must use a special bag or box.

1.10. Materials, workpieces and products should be stacked. It is prohibited to block passages and passages.

1.11. The installer should not allow oil to come into contact with oxygen cylinders or touch them with oil-contaminated hands, since even a small amount of oil combined with oxygen can lead to an explosion.

1.12. When working with gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids, you must adhere to the “Fire Safety Rules in Ukraine”.

1.13. It is necessary to ensure that the floor in the workplace is level and non-slip; all hatches, pits, and trenches were closed or fenced.

1.14. You should not follow the instructions of the administration if they contradict safety regulations and could lead to an accident.

1.15. When punching holes and openings, it is necessary to take measures to protect people located on the other side of the punched holes from injury from fragments. Punching holes from ladders is prohibited.

1.16. Sanitary equipment delivered to workplaces should be arranged carefully, avoiding concentration in one place, in aisles and on staircases. It is prohibited to leave equipment on balconies and loggias.

1.17. When installing the bath, make sure that it does not press your fingers.

1.18. Small parts and tools should be placed at height in closed boxes.

1.19. Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.

1.20. The installer is prohibited from:

• stand or pass under or near a lifted load;
• stay and move in the assembly area and the crane runway area;
• be and work in the installation area of ​​a building along one vertical line, regardless of the number of floors (floors) above the workplace;
• stay and work near open openings, near openings in ceilings, on flights of stairs and landings, balconies and loggias in the absence of fencing;
• check the alignment of the bolt holes with your fingers when connecting flanges with bolts (conical mandrels should be used);
• look at electric welding with unprotected eyes; places where electric welding is carried out must be covered with portable shields or screens;
• smoke, light a fire, and also stand unnecessarily near gas pipelines, gas generators and other devices from which gas may be released;
• work near unfenced conductive parts or moving parts of machinery;
• turn on and stop (except in emergency cases) machines and mechanisms the work of which he is not entrusted with;
• tidy up the workplace and clean overalls with compressed air;
• wash and clean work clothes with gasoline and other flammable liquids.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Get your work clothes in order:

• fill the clothes so that there are no hanging ends;
• put on a protective helmet.

2.2. Prepare the workplace for the start of work, remove foreign objects, make sure that tools and devices are in good working order and comply with safety requirements.

It is necessary that:

• locksmith's hammers and sledgehammers had a flat, slightly convex striker surface, were securely mounted on wooden handles and wedged with steel wedges;
• the handles were made of hard and tough dry wood (beech, birch, young oak) and set at right angles to the axis of the striker;
• all tools that have pointed ends for a handle (files, screwdrivers, etc.) were provided with wooden handles, tightened with bandage rings to prevent splitting. The handles must have a length corresponding to the dimensions of the tool, but not less than 150 mm;
• the percussion instrument did not have oblique or knocked down surfaces, cracks, or burrs. It is necessary that their side faces do not have sharp edges. The length of the chisel must be at least 150 mm;
• the working part of hand tools should not be overheated;
• wrenches used for assembling and disassembling bolted joints must match the dimensions of the nuts and bolt heads and be free of cracks, dents and burrs. The jaws of the keys must be parallel. It is forbidden to lengthen the wrenches by adding counter wrenches, pipes, etc.; it is forbidden to use gaskets between the wrench mouth and the edges of the nuts;
• adjustable wrenches should not have any slack in the moving parts of the faces of the nuts and mounting bolts;
• needle-nose pliers and pliers should not have chipped handles, the jaws should be sharp and intact.

2.3. Before repairing an existing pipeline, it is necessary to disconnect the section being repaired, for which it is necessary:

• close the valves on both sides of this section of the pipeline;
• hang a poster on the valves that shut off the area to be repaired with the inscription: “Do not turn it on - people are working!”;
• make sure there is no pressure in the pipeline.

2.4. An electrified tool can be used with an operating voltage of no higher than 42 V and provided that it is in full working order.

2.5. The workplace must have sufficient lighting. The supply voltage for local lighting should not exceed 42 V, and in particularly dangerous places - 12 V.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Work should only be done with the right tool.

3.2. When cutting metal with chisels, wedges and other tools, you should use safety glasses with safety glasses and special holders with a handle at least 0,7 m long.

3.3. The blade of a hand hacksaw must be properly tensioned - it should not bend during operation.

3.4. Wooden spacers should be laid between the rows of pipes being laid, and wedges should be placed under the outer pipes. It is prohibited to lean pipes against walls, pipelines, or equipment.

3.5. Heating devices (radiators, convectors) in the form of separate sections or assemblies are allowed to be stacked in stacks no more than 1 m high.

3.6. Pneumatic testing of the pipeline can be carried out under the direct supervision of a foreman.

3.7. During a hydraulic test of a pipeline, it is prohibited to repair the fittings on it, perform any work (except tightening the flanges), hit the pipeline and fittings, or be near the plugs of the pipeline being tested.

Elimination of identified defects in the pipeline should be carried out only after the pressure has been relieved.

3.8. When working from ladders in places where traffic and people may move, it is necessary to secure the work area. There should be a worker at the bottom end of the ladder to ensure that the stepladder is not touched by passers-by. The lower ends of the stepladder must have tips: rubber for stone floors and sharp metal for wooden floors.

3.9. Without exception, all permanent and temporary pipelines, equipment and equipment should be connected to the existing network only with the permission of the work manager.

3.10. It is prohibited to work alone without permission and the presence of engineers in wells, pits, closed channels, and tunnels. In this case, the following requirements must be adhered to:

• go down into a well, canal (tunnel, pit) only with the permission of the foreman, making sure that there is no gas;
• if gas is detected in the well, before descending into it it is necessary to put on a hose gas mask, as well as a rescue belt with a safety rope, the end of which must be held by two workers at the top;
• For lighting in the well, use a battery-powered flashlight or portable lamp with a voltage of no higher than 12 V in an explosion-proof design. When performing work in closed containers, it is necessary to take a break from work every 30 minutes and go to the surface.

3.11. When working with hoists, it is necessary to check their serviceability - raise the load to a small height and make sure that the brake is working properly.

3.12. The place for attaching the hoists must be indicated by the foreman or foreman, and at least twice per shift the foreman must check the reliability of the ropes.

3.13. The lowering of bulky blocks, appliances or other sanitary equipment must be carried out under the guidance of a foreman. It is prohibited to leave equipment moving on an inclined plane on a slope.

3.14. During work it is forbidden:

• stand and allow others to stand under the installed equipment, mounted units and pipelines until they are finally secured;
• attach ropes, scaffolding, decking and other devices directly to the installed equipment, pipelines, devices;
• lift manually along ladders, leave installation materials on scaffolds during non-working hours;
• smoke or use open fire for lighting when working near oil tanks, tanks, oil pipelines;
• descend into the tanks without the permission of the master and without the supervision of rescuers;
• connect wires to switches and distribution boards; To perform this work, you must call an electrician on duty.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Tidy up the workplace, remove trash and waste; clean off dirt and put tools and accessories in the designated place.

4.2. Check to see if any tools or parts are left inside the equipment.

4.3. Report any shortcomings that occurred during work to the supervisor.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the process of performing work on the installation of sanitary systems and equipment, industrial accidents and incidents may occur when:

• reduction of technological passages and passages as a result of placing elements of equipment, equipment, and tools in them;
• damage to the insulation of electrical cables, breakdown of the insulation of the windings of electrical machines. In this case, it is necessary to quickly de-energize the mechanism (electrical equipment) and report the incident to the work manager;
• the use of dangerous work methods, the use of random objects or faulty scaffolding means as scaffolding, the use of faulty tools;
• performing unusual work that is not the responsibility of the installer of sanitary systems and for which there is no necessary knowledge;
• non-use of personal protective equipment;
• using random objects as a tool.

5.2. If any violations are detected during work that could lead to an accident or pose an immediate danger to the lives of workers, the worker must take prompt measures on the spot to eliminate the source of danger.

5.3. If you become ill or injured, you must report this personally or through other persons to the foreman or foreman and go to the first aid station.

5.4. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance if necessary, and maintain the situation at the workplace as it was at the time of the incident until the investigation, unless this threatens the life and health of others and does not lead to an accident.

5.5. Providing first aid.

5.5.1. First aid for electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state, the revival must begin immediately, and then call an "ambulance".

5.5.2. First aid for injury.

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.5.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.5.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkalis.

If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly washed with water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burnt with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids.

In case of contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes of acid or alkali, it is necessary to rinse the eyes thoroughly with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, wash them with a 2% solution of baking soda, and burnt alkali with a 3% solution of boric acid or a 3% solution of acetic acid. acids.

In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.

If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe with a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray bottle, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.

5.5.5. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.5.6. First aid for bleeding.

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

• raise the injured limb up;
• close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
• in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.6. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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