|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection during earthworks. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General safety requirements 1.1. Earthworks (development of trenches, pits, preparation of pits for supports) should be carried out only according to approved drawings, which should indicate all underground structures located along the route of the communication line or crossing it within the working area. When approaching the lines of underground utilities, excavation work should be carried out under the supervision of the foreman or foreman, and in the security zone of existing underground utilities - under the supervision of representatives of organizations operating these structures. 1.2. All organizations that have underground structures in the area of the communication line being laid must be notified in writing about the upcoming work no later than 5 days before the start of earthworks and their representatives are called to the place of work a day in advance to clarify the location of their structures and agree on measures to prevent damage. structures. An organization performing work in the security zone of a cable communication line, no later than 3 days (excluding weekends and holidays) before the start of work, is obliged to call a representative of the enterprise in charge of this line in order to establish, according to technical documentation and by drilling, the exact location of underground communication cables and other cable line structures. The organization informs the enterprise operating a communication line or a radio line of the day and hour of the commencement of work, the performance of which requires the presence of its representative to exercise technical supervision over compliance with measures to ensure the safety of these lines, as well as communication and radio installations. Before the arrival of the summoned representatives, excavation is prohibited. 1.3. Earthworks near existing underground utilities should be carried out with preliminary pitting. In the security zones of existing underground utilities, soil excavation by mechanized means, as well as with the use of impact tools, is prohibited (with the exception of opening the road surface). 1.4. When earthworks are carried out on the carriageway of a road or street, the organization performing these works must draw up and coordinate with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia a scheme for fencing the place of work and placing road signs. 1.5. In the event of an accident, work can be performed without coordination and approval of schemes, subject to notification of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia about the time and place of work. 1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, introductory briefing, trained in safe labor methods, tested knowledge of the rules in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for training and testing knowledge on labor protection of managers, specialists and workers of enterprises, institutions and communication organizations are allowed to develop the soil. 1.7. Employees must be suitably qualified and technically trained. 1.8. Employees must be instructed at the workplace. The result of the briefing, the surname, date and signature of the instructed employee are recorded in a special journal. 1.9. The work is carried out by a team of at least two people. 1.10. During the development of soil, the following hazardous and harmful production factors may occur: 1.10.1. Formation of explosive and fire hazardous environments. 1.10.2. Danger of being covered with soil. 1.10.3. Electric shock. 1.10.4. Unfavorable meteorological conditions (low temperature, high humidity). 1.11. Each employee must be warned about the need to comply with the internal labor regulations. 1.12. An employee must only perform the work assigned to him. Do not be distracted during work yourself and do not distract your workmates. 1.13. Employees must be provided with overalls, personal protective equipment in accordance with the Model Industry Standards for the free issue of special clothing, safety shoes and personal protective equipment to communications workers. 1.14. Employees should be trained in how to provide first aid. 1.15. Those guilty of non-compliance with this Instruction are liable in accordance with the internal labor regulations. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Get a job assignment from a foreman or manager. 2.2. Prepare and select the tools and technological equipment necessary for the performance of work, check their serviceability and compliance with safety requirements. 2.3. Put on a helmet, overalls and special footwear of the established sample. Prepare a special belt (when working in pits), vibration-proof gloves and goggles - when loosening the soil with a jackhammer and working with other pneumatic tools. 2.4. Check the workplace and approaches to it for compliance with safety requirements. 2.5. Undertake on-the-job training, taking into account the specifics of the work performed. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. Shafts, pits, trenches, pits, developed in places of traffic and pedestrians, must be protected by shields with warning inscriptions, and at night - with signal lighting. Approaches through trenches should be equipped with walkways with railings. 3.2. When excavating soil, workers must know and remember that excavation in excavations with vertical walls without fastening is allowed to a depth of not more than, m:
3.3. If the depth of the recesses reaches a greater depth, then it is necessary to fix the walls of the recesses or make slopes. 3.4. When installing wall fasteners in excavations, the worker must: a) install the upper part of the fastening above the edge of the excavation by at least 0,15 m; b) fasteners should be installed in the direction from top to bottom as the excavation is developed to a depth of not more than 0,5 m; c) fastening posts should be installed at least every 1,5 m; d) fastening spacers should be placed vertically from one another at a distance of no more than 1 m, fixing bosses should be fixed to the ends of the spacers (top and bottom). 3.5. In soils of natural moisture, except for sandy ones, the thickness of the boards should be at least 4 cm, and the gaps between the boards should not exceed 0,15 m. In soils of high humidity and in loose soils, boards with a thickness of at least 5 cm should be located without gaps. 3.6. In the event of the formation of landslides or collapses of the soil, this place should be covered with soil after the installation of the fastening. 3.7. With a strong influx of groundwater or the presence of water-saturated spreading soils (quicksands), it is necessary to arrange artificial dewatering or sheet pile fastening. The sheet pile should be driven into waterproof soil to a depth indicated in the fastening passport, but not less than 0,75 m. 3.8. The dismantling of the soil in the excavations should be carried out in layers, it is not allowed to carry out these works by "undermining", with the formation of "visors". 3.9. When digging pits by hand, workers in the pit must be equipped with life belts with safety ropes attached to them. At least two workers must be on the surface, ready to immediately assist them in case of danger. 3.10. During work, the manager or foreman is obliged to constantly monitor the condition of the slopes of the pits, taking measures, if necessary, to prevent spontaneous collapses. 3.11. When using earth-moving machines for excavation, workers are prohibited from being or performing any work in the area of the excavator at a distance of less than 10 m from the place of operation of its bucket. It is only necessary to clean the bucket from adhering soil when the bucket is in the lowered position. 3.12. Loading of soil into dump trucks should be carried out from the side of the rear or side board. It is forbidden to keep people between the earth-moving machine and the vehicle. 3.13. Dismantling of wall fasteners in recesses, pits and trenches should be carried out in the direction from the bottom up as the trench or pit is backfilled with soil. In soils of natural moisture, simultaneous removal of fasteners by no more than 0,5 m (three boards) in height is allowed, and in soils of high humidity and loose soils - no more than 0,2 m (one board). When removing boards, the spacers should be rearranged accordingly as new ones are installed. In cases where the dismantling of fasteners can lead to deformation of structures, the fastening should be partially or completely left in the ground. 3.14. In winter, the development of soil, with the exception of dry sandy, can be carried out with vertical walls without fasteners to the full depth of their freezing. When working below the freezing level, fastening should be carried out. The development of dry sandy soils, regardless of their freezing, should be carried out with slopes or with fasteners. 3.15. Pit pits and trenches, the development of which was started in frozen ground conditions, both without fastenings and with fastenings, while continuing work in conditions of positive temperature, must be respectively unfastened or additionally strengthened. 3.16. During mechanical loosening of frozen soil (wedge - with a hammer, ball - with a hammer), the worker must be within a radius of at least 20 m from the place of loosening. 3.17. If it is necessary to perform work on electrical heating of frozen soil, workers are not allowed to stay in areas of the heated area that are under voltage. At the same time, it is allowed to approach at a distance of 3 m from the contour of the heated area, which must be fenced, warning notices and signals are posted, and in the dark - signal lighting. 3.18. When electrically heating the soil, all electrical wires and electrical equipment must be securely fenced, and the electrical equipment housings must be grounded. 3.19. Installation and connection of electrical equipment to the supply network (city power grid or mobile power station), as well as monitoring of electrical heating, must be carried out by employees with an electrical safety group of at least III. These workers must be provided with the necessary protective equipment (dielectric gloves, galoshes, tools with insulating handles, etc.). 3.20. The serviceability of the electrical equipment and the supply cable should be checked daily, as well as after each movement of the equipment and re-laying the cable. Connect devices and replace fuses only when the power is off. 3.21. Warning posters must be hung in areas of electric heating and in places where electrical equipment is installed. 3.22. People working near the heated area must be warned about the danger of electric shock. People are not allowed to stay in areas under voltage. 3.23. When warming the ground with hot water or steam, precautions must be taken against burns. 3.24. The development of soil on the site with the use of electrical heating is allowed only after the removal of electrical voltage and the release of the site from the wires. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. In the event of an accident or situations that can lead to accidents, you should: 4.1.1. Stop work immediately and notify your immediate supervisor. 4.1.2. Promptly take measures to eliminate the causes of the accident or the causes that may lead to accidents. 4.2. If underground utilities not marked on the drawings are found, earthworks should be stopped until the nature of the discovered communications is clarified and permission is obtained from the relevant organizations to continue work. 4.3. In the event of the discovery of ammunition and other explosive materials, it is urgent to inform the local authorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 4.4. In case of accidental damage to any underground structure, the work foreman is obliged to immediately stop work, take measures to ensure the safety of workers, report the incident to his supervisor and to the emergency service of the relevant organization. 4.5. If gas is found in trenches or pits, work in them must be immediately stopped, and people removed from the danger zone. This should be reported to the work manager and to the emergency gas service. 4.6. If there are signs of shifting or slipping of the soil in the slopes of the excavations, the workers must immediately stop the work and leave the danger zone before taking measures to ensure the stability of the slopes. 4.7. The immediate supervisor must be notified of the victims; report to the first-aid post and take urgent measures to provide the necessary first aid. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Clean and tidy work area. 5.2. Close or protect trenches, pits and pits if the work is not completed, and at night turn on the signal lighting on the fences. 5.3. Tools, equipment and other devices used in the work should be cleaned of soil and delivered to the main place of work. 5.4. Upon arrival at the main place of work, remove overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment, clean and put them in the place intended for their storage. 5.5. Report all shortcomings or malfunctions during the performance of work to the foreman or supervisor.
▪ Diver providing. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Service of steam boilers on gaseous fuel. Standard instruction on labor protection
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ Digital Video Camera with Built-in Hard Disk Drive ▪ 70 trillion frames per second camera ▪ Routers Tenda W308R, W309R, W322U ▪ Raytheon laser systems for detecting and destroying drones
▪ section of the site Biographies of great scientists. Article selection ▪ article Lavra Miltiades do not let me sleep. Popular expression ▪ What was Italy like in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries? Detailed answer ▪ article The machinist of the plastering station is mobile. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Heliostat article. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering ▪ article Quarter-wave electric welding. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Comments on the article: Arthur Great article! The whole essence - briefly and clearly stated and chewed. Thanks to the author! Tyrael Thank you!
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page