|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for a road worker on logging roads. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General safety requirements 1.1. Persons who have undergone a medical examination and are deemed fit to perform this type of work, have been instructed, trained and tested on labor protection, fire safety, first aid and who have a special certificate about this are allowed to work on the construction and maintenance of logging roads. 1.2. Workers combining professions must be trained in safe practices and instructed in labor protection in all jobs they perform. 1.3. Workers must know the internal labor regulations of the enterprise and comply with them. 1.4. Road workers involved in the construction and maintenance of forest roads must know the Rules for the operation of tools and devices used in the work, and carry out work under the guidance of an experienced leader (foreman, foreman or other responsible person), 1.5. Hand tools must be in good working order and meet the technical requirements for their manufacture. Axes, shovels, plows, chisels, etc. must have strong, smooth handles well fitted to metal parts and wedged in the eyes. 1.6. Road workers during the period of work must use personal protective equipment (overalls, safety shoes, gloves, goggles, protective helmet, etc.) issued by the enterprise. 1.7. Hand tools that can be injured during transportation (transportation) must be in cases, portable boxes or bags. 1.8. Carrying by one loader of a load weighing more than 50 kg is allowed at a distance of not more than 60 m. At a distance of more than 60 m, shifts must be placed on the way for loaders or auxiliary devices must be used to move the load. 1.9. The mass of cargo for adult women must comply with the norms of maximum permissible loads:
1.10. The maximum norm for carrying weights for teenagers (with flat and horizontal surfaces) for each person should not exceed:
1.11. Adolescents under the age of 18 cannot be allowed to work on carrying, changing, loading and unloading rails, sleepers, crosses, turnouts, transfer guard and security bars. Adolescents under the age of 16 are not allowed to carry weights. 1.12. Persons working away from the main points of food and water supply should have drinking water in individual flasks or thermoses. 1.13. Workers who use the transport provided by the enterprise for travel to and from work are required to know and strictly comply with the rules for transporting passengers. Travel to and from the place of work on transport not equipped for this purpose is prohibited. 1.14. When traveling in a bus, a specially equipped car, a passenger carriage of a train or on watercraft, it is not allowed to: get on and off until the transport stops completely; exit towards the carriageway; ride not in the passenger compartment; sit on board the body; stand in a boat or in the back of a car; transport a fueled gasoline-powered saw, fuel, lubricants and explosives, woodcutting tools with open blades or teeth, hunting rifles in an assembled combat form; transport firewood and other bulky goods that block passages; overload a boat or vessel; boarding and disembarking the vessel before mooring; smoking, littering and damaging the property of the vehicle. When driving through water obstacles, each worker must wear a life jacket or belt. When transported by helicopter, workers must comply with all orders of the crew. Notes: The mass of the lifted and moved cargo includes the mass of tare and packaging. 1.15. Organizational management of the work is carried out by the master directly or through the foreman. The orders and instructions of the master are binding on all workers. 1.16. Work on the construction and maintenance of logging roads is carried out in accordance with the technological map approved for each road (section). Before starting work, each worker must be familiar with the technological map and fulfill its requirements during work. 1.17. When preparing the route, tree felling, delimbing, hauling and bucking of whips, uprooting of stumps, cleaning of rhizomes, cutting of shrubs must be carried out in compliance with the relevant safety requirements. 1.18. Workplaces, sites, transport routes with the onset of darkness or poor visibility (in fog, rain, snow) must have artificial lighting with an illumination level not lower than that established by industry standards. It is not allowed to work without sufficient illumination of the workplace (30 lux). 1.19. Sections and zones of access roads that are dangerous for traffic should be fenced off or road signs (for drivers) and warning notices (for pedestrians) visible at day and night should be placed on their borders. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Workers are required to:
2.2. Workers must check the availability and serviceability of hand and power tools. All mechanized tools (electric drills, wrenches, etc.) after their external inspection must be checked at idle. It is forbidden to work with a defective tool. 2.3. Before starting work, the worker must inspect the workplace and, if necessary, clear it of branches, debris, and also outline the sequence of operations for the construction and maintenance of logging roads. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. During the operation of earth-moving and road-building machines, workers serving them are prohibited from:
3.2. During the construction of artificial structures, women for manual pile driving must be equipped with a sufficient number of handles: four for a woman weighing up to 100 kg and six for a woman weighing more than 100 kg. The handles must be smooth, have an oval cross-section and be evenly spaced along the perimeter of the woman and with sufficient clearance to avoid damage to the fingers of the workers. 3.3. When driving piles from suspended scaffolds, their stability and strength must be carefully checked. 3.4. When driving piles with a winch or winch, it is necessary that the winch or winch be firmly and securely fixed in place, and the winch must have a reliable ratchet with a spring and a band brake. 3.5. If it is necessary to replace the rotted part of the piles and the bridge support post, the following safety measures must be taken:
3.6. When assembling the row, each of its corners facing the shore must be secured independently with a rope. The rollers on which the row is installed must be firmly fixed for the entire time of its assembly. 3.7. It is prohibited for people to stay on the row during its release from the lines, launching and transportation to the installation site. 3.8. During loading, the razh must be held in place with braces (ropes). When loading tiers with stones, precautions must be taken to ensure the safety of workers (arrangement of fences, trays, scaffolds). 3.9. When carrying out row work, for safety reasons, it is necessary to have life-saving equipment (circles, poles, hooks, boats, etc.) in a conspicuous place and use them if necessary. 3.10. When constructing and sheathing inclined ribs and surfaces of tents, pile and row ice cutters, workers must use safety belts with ropes, and be firmly tied to stable parts of the structure. Work on the installation and repair of damaged surfaces of the ice cutter is only allowed under the supervision of a responsible work manager. 3.11. The lifting of girders or other elements of the main supporting structure of the span structure of beam and strut bridges onto the supports should be carried out using special devices that ensure the safety of work. It is allowed to lift runs from the ground or from the side lower scaffolds along inclined slabs using ropes, provided that all safety measures are observed. 3.12. When laying crossbeams of girder and strut bridges or the carriageway of bridges with trusses, auxiliary flooring should be arranged along the girders. 3.13. When distributing crushed stone, gravel or sand over the subgrade, it is necessary:
3.14. Tools used to finish hot mix asphalt pavement must be heated in a mobile brazier. It is not allowed to heat the instrument on fires. 3.15. It is allowed to unload the asphalt concrete mixture from the dump truck, making sure that there are no workers in the unloading area. When unloading the mixture, workers should be on the side opposite to the tipping of the dump truck body. 3.16. It is allowed to unload the asphalt mixture stuck in the body of the dump truck using a special scraper or a shovel with a handle at least 2 m long, standing on the ground. 3.17. Hand spreading of hot asphalt mix with scoops or shovels is allowed at a distance of no more than 8 m. 3.18. It is necessary to distribute and level the asphalt concrete mixture in special shoes (with wooden soles). 3.19. When several rollers are operating, the distance between them must be at least 5 m. 3.20. When installing black pavement by displacement, impregnation or surface treatment with liquid binders (bitumen, emulsion, etc.) with asphalt distributors, as well as for priming the lower layer of asphalt concrete pavement, it is necessary:
3.21. When pouring bitumen from a distribution pipe, it is not allowed to be closer than 15 m from the place of pouring. During breaks in work, the nozzle of the distribution pipe must be lowered. 3.22. When loading, laying and dismantling the slabs, the slab layer or truck crane must be braked with a hand brake and installed on all outriggers. 3.23. When supplying slabs for laying, it is necessary to direct their movement with hooks or ropes of at least 4 m, preventing workers from staying closer than 1 m to the slab. 3.24. Movement of slabs along the slab-laying crane-beam is allowed after reliable fixation of the gripping device in the trolley. 3.25. Slabs or shields should be laid according to the "away from you" scheme, moving along the already laid track. 3.26. During the construction of temporary roads (whiskers) with a tape coating, a stacker conveyor must be used. During the operation of the conveyor-stacker it is necessary:
3.27. When inspecting sections of the road, a road worker should walk along the side of the road towards the movement of cars, and if it is necessary to stop, set a red flag in front of him (during the day) or a rack with a lamp (at night). 3.28. When carrying out repairs across the entire width of the carriageway, detours are mandatory. In this case, the repaired section is closed to traffic, after the turn from the road to the detour, transverse barriers are installed for the entire width of the carriageway. Depending on the duration of the repair, these barriers can be portable. In addition to the barrier, a section of the road closed to traffic is fenced off with road signs. 3.29. During the performance of repair work on one half of the width of the carriageway, vehicles can move along the second half. The repaired area is fenced with warning road signs "Repair work". 3.30. Spots for patching the roadway must be fenced with portable posts with warning signs "Repair work" mounted on them, installed at a distance of 5-10 m in front of and behind the repaired site. 3.31. Materials taken to the line for road repair should be piled on the shoulder adjacent to the side of the road being repaired. 3.32. When working with a jackhammer, it is necessary that the shoulder of the pike is always pressed against the box; it is impossible to deepen the peak into the road surface until the stop of the end spring; when dumping with a pike of cut pieces of road surfaces, it is necessary to stop the jackhammer, turning off the compressed air supply. 3.33. When cutting road surfaces using a sledgehammer, chisel, wedges, ax, it is necessary to observe an interval between workers of at least 3 m, which ensures the safety of work. Workers in these types of work must be provided with protective devices (screens). 3.34. When crushed stone, gravel and other materials are screened, screens should be installed on the leeward side of the workers at such a distance that the resulting dust does not fall on the workers. 3.35. When performing repair work using mobile (manual) bitumen boilers and asphalt distributors, the following requirements must be observed:
3.36. With the simultaneous operation of several snowplows to clear the road from snow drifts in one direction, the distance between them must be at least 15 m. 3.37. When cleaning the road from snow with a rotary snowplow, the distance from the edge of its rear wheel to the edge of the ditch must be at least 1 m. It is not allowed to stay in a trench punched by a snowplow closer than 20 m from a running machine. 3.38. During snow clearing with squares attached to the machine, it is not allowed to be on the squares. 3.39. Snow shields used to protect against snow drifts must be stored 50-60 pieces in an inclined position, leaning them on both sides against stable walls made of racks with cross-sections. 3.40. Stakes should be stored in conical stacks with pointed ends up, stacks at the level of 2/3 of the height must be tied with wire. 3.41. It is forbidden for a worker to be in the back of a car carrying snow shields and stakes. 3.42. The stakes must be installed before the onset of frost, and the shields after the ground has frozen. Boards for road installation should be taken evenly on both sides of the stack so that it does not fall. 3.43. When operating the tracklayer, the following safety requirements must be observed:
3.44. When laying the track with a construction and repair train, it is necessary:
Not allowed:
3.45. When moving a construction and repair train from one section to another, the cargo located on the platform and tracklayer should be securely fastened. 3.46. When disassembling the track with a puter expander, workers should not be closer than 5 m from the track being dismantled. 3.47. The construction and repair train should be moved outside the track under construction or under repair only by order of the dispatcher on duty. 3.48. With mechanized laying, the rails must be moved with special tongs. The number of workers assigned to carry the rails is determined based on the mass of the rail and the permissible load per person. Workers must raise and lower the rail at the command of a senior worker. 3.49. A team of workers engaged in carrying out track work must be equipped with crowbars, fly tamps, crutch hammers, track wrenches, picks, rammers and rowers, portable signal signs and track measuring instruments. 3.50. The way for carrying sleepers and the rail must be flat, cleared of scattered sleepers, tools, etc., and protected from dangerous places (cliffs, gorges) with handrails or a rope. 3.51. When working in poor visibility, it is necessary to carefully monitor the approach of trains and the signals given by signalmen. 3.52. The place of track repair work must be fenced with stop signals, speed reduction, signal transmission signs in the manner established by the current "Rules for the technical operation of 750 mm gauge railways" and "Instructions for signaling on narrow-gauge railway transport of timber industry enterprises". 3.53. It is forbidden to start work until the work manager receives an order from the train dispatcher about the closing of the haul, as well as before the fence of the work site with signals. 3.54. When carrying out repair work on the track, two workers must be positioned so that they can observe the approach of the train from different directions. When working on the track alone, you must face the expected train and watch for its approach. When the train approaches the place of repair, it is necessary to get off the track in advance to the nearest side of the subgrade or to a wide inter-track. 3.55. It is forbidden:
3.56. Places of work that require stopping trains are fenced as follows:
When working with a deployed front (more than 100 m), portable red signals installed at a distance of 25 m from the boundaries of the area requiring fencing must be guarded by signalmen. Places of work that require a train to run at a reduced speed are fenced off on both sides with speed reduction signals at a distance of 600 m. 3.57. When performing track repairs, the following safety requirements must be observed:
3.58. With a suspended rail link, remove debris and chips from under the rail foot only with a broom or broom. Under no circumstances should you do it by hand. 3.59. During the production of track work, it is necessary to constantly ensure that the tool is not under your feet, and that new and old materials are neatly folded and do not interfere with quickly leaving the track when a train approaches. 3.60. Gauge width, rail height and underslope value should be measured with special devices (template for measuring underslope, butt gaps, track working template, road foreman's track template, etc.). 3.61. It is not allowed to sit on the rails, the ends of the sleepers, inside the rail track and on the inter-track for rest during work breaks. 3.62. When meeting with working track machines, one should move away at a distance of at least 5 m, when meeting with a snowplow, at a distance of at least 10 m. 3.63. When delivering materials for track work, platforms and trolleys for transporting rails must be equipped with special devices (beam cranes, hanging tongs and grippers). 3.64. Manual loading and unloading of rails (turnouts) is allowed only with a single change of rails and is carried out along the slide with ropes with special hooks for hooking onto the rail. The ends of the slopes, located on the ground, must be firmly fixed and installed with a slope not steeper than 1:3. 3.65. When loading and unloading rails, brake shoes must be placed under the slopes of wagons (platforms). 3.66. Loading and unloading of switches and crosses is carried out in the same way as for rails. It is forbidden to unload arrows and crosses without slings (throw). 3.67. Sleepers and beams impregnated with antiseptics should be carried with sleeper pliers and other special devices. 3.68. The track car must be reliably braked during loading and unloading of materials. The stowage and securing of cargoes must exclude the possibility of their arbitrary collapse. Sleepers on the trailer must be laid along the track. The middle of the submerged rails must be in the middle of the trailer, and both ends of the rail must be balanced. 3.69. On platforms, sleepers and beams should be laid in stepped rows. Unloading them must start from the top. It is prohibited to unload sleepers and beams on the move. 3.70. Ballast must be delivered to the place of track work in specially adapted wagons using hopper-dispensers, dump cars, self-unloading platforms and other special devices. 3.71. To protect the railway track from snow drifts in order to ensure safe and continuous movement in open areas, it is necessary to arrange snow barriers in a timely manner (portable shields, hedges, etc.). 3.72. Portable shields should be installed before the first snowfall and frost and tied to stakes driven into the ground in advance to a depth of 0,5 m and at a distance of 1,9 m from one another. Stakes for this purpose are chosen with a thickness of 7-8 cm and a length of 2-3 m. 3.73. On small sections of the railway track, snow removal is allowed manually with preliminary fencing with signal signs of the work front. Workers clearing the path from snow must be provided with shovels, picks, crowbars, etc. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If the bitumen foams and overflows through the lid of the boiler, immediately turn off the burner or fill the firewood with water. 4.2. When bitumen ignites in the boiler, it is necessary to close its lid tightly. 4.3. In order not to be struck by lightning during a thunderstorm, with the approach of a thunderstorm, workers are required to stop working on the road and take shelter indoors, they are prohibited from:
4.4. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager of each accident. 4.5. Each worker must be able to provide first aid. Such assistance is provided immediately, directly at the scene and in the following sequence: first you need to eliminate the energy source of injury (switch off the engine, stop the mechanism, remove the victim from under the whip, etc.). Assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens the health or life of a person (in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and then bandage the wound; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint; with open fractures, first bandage the wound and then apply a splint; in case of burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues). After providing first aid, the victim should be sent to the nearest medical facility. If spinal injury is suspected, transport the victim only in the supine position on a rigid base. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Workers are required to:
▪ Loading and unloading operations and warehousing. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Electrician on duty at a 10/0,4 kV substation. Standard instruction on labor protection
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ Touch laptops will become cheaper ▪ LiveWire One Electric Motorcycle ▪ Pets should not be allowed in bed
▪ section of the site Consumer Electronics. Selection of articles ▪ article Go left. Popular expression ▪ article What were Cinderella's shoes made of? Detailed answer ▪ Guar article. Legends, cultivation, methods of application ▪ Article Fishing. Focus Secret
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page