Instruction on labor protection for a health care facility laundry worker

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Instructions on labor protection for a health care facility laundry worker. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General safety requirements

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone special training, trained in labor safety in accordance with GOST 12.0.004-79 and have Group I in electrical safety are allowed to work independently on laundry equipment.

Instead of GOST 12.0.004-79, GOST 5-1990 was approved and put into effect by the Decree of the USSR State Standard of November 2797, 12.0.004 N 90

1.2. Laundry workers are required to comply with the internal labor regulations.

1.3. Laundry workers are required to know and comply with applicable fire safety regulations.

1.4. Smoking at workplaces is prohibited, and is allowed only in specially designated and equipped smoking areas.

1.5. Laundry workers must be provided with overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the current Regulations approved by the USSR Ministry of Health, and must comply with the rules of personal hygiene and sanitation.

1.6. For washing hands, washrooms should have enough soap and clean towels, and a disinfectant solution in the "dirty" half.

1.7. Fire safety rules must be observed in laundry rooms. Blocking and littering of premises, passages, driveways is not allowed.

1.8. The victim or eyewitness of the accident must immediately notify the appropriate manager of any accident related to production or work. The head must organize first aid for the victim, his delivery to a medical institution, inform the chief doctor of the institution, the labor protection engineer or the person performing his functions, and the trade union committee about what happened; keep for investigation the situation at the workplace and the condition of the equipment as it was at the time of the incident, if this does not threaten the life and health of the surrounding workers and does not lead to an accident.

1.9. Laundry workers are required to comply with labor protection instructions and timely check the proper operation of fittings, instrumentation and safety devices.

1.10. All technological processes associated with the processing of linen (transportation, washing, spinning, etc.) must be carried out in ways that eliminate manual labor as much as possible.

1.11. Supply and exhaust ventilation must ensure normal working conditions in accordance with SNiP II-L.8-71.

1.12. All types of laundry equipment powered by electricity, as well as metal structures that carry electrical installations, are subject to mandatory grounding. Operation of equipment without grounding is prohibited.

1.13. Electrical equipment, lighting fittings and grounding devices of laundries must comply with the current rules for electrical installations. Power switchboards, electric lighting panels, starting devices must be installed in dry, heated rooms. It is forbidden to install them in rooms with high humidity.

1.14. Triggers (buttons, knife switches, etc.) for turning on the electric motors of machines should be located directly at the workplace so that they are convenient and safe to use and exclude the possibility of spontaneous turning on of the machine from accidental shocks and shocks.

1.15. Open rotating and moving parts of machines and mechanisms (shafts, pulleys, gears, etc.) must be protected by covers and guards. It is forbidden to work on machines and mechanisms without guards.

1.16. Technological pipelines of steam and hot water must have high-quality thermal insulation.

1.17. Cleaning, lubrication, adjustment and repair of all types of equipment is allowed only when the electric motors are turned off and after the machines have completely stopped.

1.18. Persons who have failed to comply with or violate labor protection instructions are subject to disciplinary action in accordance with the internal labor regulations and, if necessary, an extraordinary examination of knowledge of labor protection issues.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, it is necessary to properly put on overalls and safety shoes, provided for by the current standards approved by the USSR Ministry of Health.

2.2. It is necessary to verify the serviceability of the equipment, fences, interlocks, grounding devices, and in case of detection of defects, immediately inform the administration about this.

2.3. Check the serviceability and efficiency of the supply and exhaust ventilation.

2.4. After assembling or repairing the machine, it is necessary to turn the moving parts manually for a full cycle of movement and only after that, if the machine is working normally, turn on the electric motor.

2.5. Before putting the machine into operation, make sure that all instrumentation is in good working order.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Washing machines

3.1.1. The washing machine must be installed at a level that allows easy and unhindered loading and unloading of laundry. The tipping washing machine must be installed at a level that allows a low trolley to be brought in to unload the laundry from the tilted drum.

3.1.2. The washing machine must not vibrate at each start (after a pause during reverse rotation).

3.1.3. The inner drum of the machine, and in a tilting machine, the outer drum must have stoppers to fix their position and prevent arbitrary rotation.

3.1.4. The stopper of the inner drum of the machine must be provided with an auto-lock that prevents the machine from starting when the drum is fixed.

3.1.5. The design of the stopper of the outer drum must ensure a stable position of the drum and prevent its arbitrary rotation during operation.

3.1.6. The lids (large and small) of the inner drum must have reliable locks to prevent their arbitrary opening during rotation of the drum.

3.1.7. The lids of the outer drum must be equipped with an automatic lock, which ensures that the machine can only operate with the lids closed.

3.1.8. The washing machine must have devices for securely fastening the covers of the outer and inner drums when loading and unloading laundry.

3.1.9. The washing machine must have a device (steering wheel or handle) for manual rotation (after stopping the machine) of the inner drum to a position that allows you to open its covers, as well as for overturning the drums when unloading laundry.

3.1.10. The machine may be loaded with linen only with the permission of the laundry manager, who must make sure that the machine and the fence are in full working order. It is forbidden to work on a damaged machine.

3.1.11. Before loading laundry, the following requirements must be met:

the motor must be turned off;
the outer and inner drums must be fixed on the stoppers;
the lids of the inner drum must be secured in the open position.

If any of these requirements is not met, loading the drum with laundry is prohibited.

3.1.12. The laundry must be loaded into an empty drum. Do not load laundry into a drum filled with water.

3.1.13. After loading the laundry and before starting the machine, the following requirements must be observed:

the lids of the inner drum must be closed, the locks fixed;
the covers of the outer drum must be fixed;
the inner drum must be removed from the stopper;
the handwheel or handle, with which the drums are tilted, must be disconnected from the drive.

Without fulfilling the specified requirements, the start-up of the machine is prohibited.

3.1.14. Before unloading laundry from the washing machine, the following requirements must be met:

the machine must be stopped;
the lid of the outer drum must be open and secured;
by means of a handwheel or handle, the inner drum must be brought in and put on the stopper;
the lids of the inner drum must be open and secured;
when the machine is tipping, the outer drum must be removed from the stopper.

In this case, it is prohibited:

stop the machine by opening the cover of the outer drum;
bring the inner drum to the desired position by pressing the blocking contact;
to unload the laundry without installing the inner drum on the stopper.

3.1.15. Before unloading from the washing machine, the laundry must be cooled down. Unloading uncooled linen is prohibited.

3.1.16. When boiling laundry in the washing machine, the steam valve must be open to supply the steam necessary to maintain a gentle boil. Opening the valve completely and excessive soaring in the drum is prohibited.

3.1.17. The washing machine should work calmly and rhythmically, without knocking and jerking when the drum is reversed. In the event of abnormal knocking, jerking, excessive heating of the motor or gearbox, the machine must be stopped immediately.

3.1.18. Without stopping the car, it is prohibited:

remove and put on drive belts;
lubricate and clean the machine;
pour rosin or powder to reduce belt slip;
to inspect, adjust or adjust the machine;
repair the fence.

3.2. Centrifuges

3.2.1. The configuration and height of the foundation for the centrifuge should allow the machine to be installed at a level that allows easy and unobstructed loading and unloading of laundry.

3.2.2. The lid of the centrifuge must have a device (lock) that does not allow it to be opened while the centrifuge is running.

3.2.3. The centrifuge must be equipped with a device (auto-lock) that ensures automatic shutdown of the electric motor in case of excessive swinging of the centrifuge due to its incorrect (one-sided) loading.

3.2.4. Before starting work, you must make sure that the centrifuge is in full working order. Operation on a faulty centrifuge is prohibited.

3.2.5. When loading the centrifuge with linen, the following requirements must be observed:

linen should be placed in the centrifuge basket in even layers around the entire circumference;
loading should be carried out to the level of the upper part of the basket;
linen should be covered with a dense cloth, the ends of which should be lined under the side of the basket;
After loading the laundry, the centrifuge lid must be closed.

3.2.6. After starting the centrifuge, the rotation of the basket should be accelerated gradually and rhythmically, with a uniform swing. If excessive swinging occurs due to uneven loading, the centrifuge must be stopped immediately and the laundry transferred.

3.2.7. Do not stop or slow down the rotation of the centrifuge basket with your hands or any object.

3.2.8. Unloading of linen is made only after a full stop of the centrifuge.

3.2.9. When operating the centrifuge, it is prohibited:

open the lid during operation;
spin the linen with the lid open;
throw laundry into the centrifuge during its operation;
check the rotation of the centrifuge "for chalk";
slow down the rotation of the basket by continuously pressing the foot brake with the weight of your body;
remove or put on the straps while the centrifuge is running.

3.3. Tumble dryers

3.3.1. The operation of the dryer-ironing machine as a vessel operating under pressure must be permitted by the inspection of the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.

3.3.2. For each dryer and ironer, a passport must be entered, registered with the inspection of the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.

3.3.3. Within the time limits established by the inspection of the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor, dryers and ironers must be subjected to internal and external inspection and hydraulic testing.

3.3.4. A safety valve and pressure gauge must be installed on the tumble dryer steam line.

3.3.5. The start buttons must be located directly on the machine, on the side of the supply and exit of the linen, so that the machine is started only when both start buttons are pressed at the same time.

3.3.6. On the linen supply side of the tumble dryer, directly under the linen supply conveyor (before the first pressure roller), an autostop (shock board) must be installed. At the slightest push of the board forward (by 8 - 10 mm), the machine should turn on, and with a stronger push, the pressure rollers should additionally rotate back. The baffle board must be installed along the entire working length of the tumble dryer, and the bottom edge of the board must be at a distance of no more than 12 mm from the surface of the conveyor. Hitchhiking must be checked daily.

3.3.7. Winding on the pressure rolls of the dryer-ironing machine of cloth and rolls must be done with the machine stopped. Rolls must be rotated manually. It is forbidden to carry out these operations while the machine is running with the help of an electric motor.

3.3.8. The replacement of asbestos insulation and felt of the pressure rollers of the dryer-ironing machine must be carried out when the machine is completely stopped and the steam cylinder is cold.

3.3.9. The change of all conveyor belts (sashes) is carried out at a complete stop of the machine.

3.3.10. The conveyor belts of the tumble dryer must be evenly installed and tensioned. If the belt shifts to the side, stop the machine and correct the belt path. It is forbidden to correct the belt run while the machine is running.

3.3.11. Exhaust ventilation hoods above the dryer-ironers must be installed taking into account the complete capture of the released steam. The dimensions, configuration and level of installation of the lower density of the umbrellas must provide full visibility of the working front of the machine and unhindered movement of workers.

3.3.12. The steam and condensate pipes of the tumble dryer must be carefully insulated.

3.3.13. Without stopping the tumble dryer, do not:

remove or put on drive belts;
lubricate or clean the machine;
to inspect, adjust or adjust the machine;
to repair the fence;
fix skewed linen.

3.3.14. When using the dryer, do not:

determine with fingers the degree of heating of the steam cylinder of the calender or troughs of the steam roller;
to catch linen at half a turn of the steam cylinder of the calender;
place laundry or other items on the guardrail of the machine.

3.4. Drying machines

3.4.1. The dryer must be installed at a level where loading and unloading of laundry can be done easily and unhindered.

3.4.2. The casing of the outer drum must be carefully insulated to prevent the generation of heat during operation of the machine.

3.4.3. The lid of the casing (outer drum) should be easy to open, have a reliable latch that locks it in the open position when loading laundry, and locks that secure it in the closed position, as well as an auto-lock to turn off the electric motor if the lid is opened during operation.

3.4.4. The doors of the various compartments of the machine (fans, linters, air supply, etc.) must be tightly closed.

3.4.5. The inner drum of the side loading machine must be equipped with a stopper to fix the position of the drum (when loading and unloading laundry) and to prevent unintentional rotation. The stopper must be equipped with an auto-lock that prevents the machine from starting when the drum is fixed.

3.4.6. The lids of the inner drum of a side loading machine must be easy to open and close and have secure locks to prevent them from opening unintentionally while the drum is rotating.

3.4.7. A side-loading tumble dryer must have a swivel to manually rotate the drum (after it has stopped) to a position that allows the lids to be opened and the laundry to be unloaded.

3.4.8. The dryer must be equipped with a pressure gauge and a thermometer. The operation of the dryer at a steam pressure higher than permitted according to the machine's passport is prohibited.

3.4.9. The tumble dryer may only be loaded with laundry with the permission of the laundry manager, who must ensure that the machine and guards are in good working order. It is forbidden to work on a damaged machine.

3.4.10. Before loading the side loading dryer with linen, the following points must be observed:

electric motors, drives and fans must be turned off;
the inner drum must be fixed on the stopper;
the cover of the outer drum must be on the latch.

If any of these requirements are not met, loading the drum with laundry is prohibited.

3.4.11. After loading the laundry and before starting the side load tumble dryer, the following points must be observed:

the lid of the inner drum and casing must be closed and secured with locks;
the inner drum must be removed from the stopper;
the device for manual rotation of the drum must be disconnected from the drive.

Without fulfilling the specified requirements, the start-up of the machine is prohibited.

3.4.12. In case of jerks or shocks, abnormal knocking or noise, vibration, excessive heating of the motor or gearbox, the machine must be stopped.

3.4.13. Before unloading the laundry from the side loading dryer, the following requirements must be met:

the laundry in the machine must be cooled by turning off the air coming from the heater and opening the hatch to suck in cold air from the workshop;
after the laundry has cooled, the fan and machine motors must be turned off;
the cover of the casing must be open and installed on the latch;
with a rotary device, the inner drum must be brought into the desired position and put on the stopper;
the lids of the inner drum must be open and secured.

In this case, it is prohibited:

stop the machine by opening the cover of the casing and actuating the auto-lock;
bring the inner drum to the desired position by pressing the auto-lock contact;
to unload the laundry without placing the inner drum on the stopper.

3.4.14. Without stopping the dryer, it is prohibited:

clean the blades of cleaning brushes, nets and other parts of the machine from lint;
clean (purge) heaters;
remove or put on the drive belts of the machine or fan;
lubricate or adjust the machine;
repair the fence.

3.5. Drying chambers

3.5.1. The drying chamber, or rocker dryer, should be located so that it has a free entrance for the supply of linen.

3.5.2. The walls and ceiling of the drying chamber must have high-quality thermal insulation to prevent heat loss and its radiation into the workshop. The spare door to the drying chamber must be tightly closed.

3.5.3. In front of the drying chamber, a working deck must be laid across the entire width of the chamber. The length of the deck (up to the steps) should be 0,5 m longer than the wings. In the front part of the deck, steps should be installed with a height of not more than 170 mm each, and on the sides - a fence (barrier) with a height of at least 1 m.

3.5.4. The design of the guides for the movement of the scenes must be rigid, preventing possible displacement of the scenes during movement. The movement of the wings along the guides should be smooth and easy.

3.5.5. The entrance to the drying chamber during its operation is prohibited. If necessary, entry into the cell is allowed only with the curtains extended and the cell fully ventilated.

3.5.6. Repair of heating devices or backstage mirrors is carried out only when the drying chamber is completely stopped and the dryer is cold.

3.6. Cold cargo rollers

3.6.1. The load of the cold roller must not exceed 500 kg.

3.6.2. The movement of the box must be smooth, uniform and straight, without deviation in the horizontal and vertical directions.

3.6.3. The surfaces of the table, frame and rollers must be hardwood and cleanly planed.

3.6.4. During the operation of the skating rink, it is forbidden to make any corrections in the winding of the linen on the rollers.

3.6.5. The presence and operation of the pins holding the lifting device in the non-working position should be monitored on a daily basis.

3.6.6. Repair of a cargo roller should be carried out with its complete stop.

3.7. Manual ironing

3.7.1. The height of the ironing tables and the distance between them must ensure the free and unhindered movement of the ironers during work.

3.7.2. On the table for irons, a support made of sheet steel on an asbestos gasket should be installed. The height of the stand and the height of the working surface of the ironing table must be the same.

3.7.3. Each ironing table should have a wooden stand on insulators. While working with the iron, the ironer must only stand on the stand.

3.7.4. The handles of irons must be made of insulating material and have thickened stops at the ends to prevent the ironer's hand from slipping to the metal bracket of the iron.

3.7.5. The operated irons must be in perfect working order (special attention must be paid to the condition of the power cord and plug connection) and in non-working condition must be on the stand. Do not leave irons on the ironing board or use a defective iron.

3.7.6. Unauthorized correction by ironers of electric irons and electrical wiring is prohibited.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. It is necessary to stop the operation of the equipment in the event of extraneous noise, the smell of burning, or a power outage.

4.2. In the event of an accident or spontaneous stop of the equipment, it is necessary to immediately stop the drive.

4.4. The operation of the equipment must be stopped:

in case of malfunction (absence) of the provided instrumentation and automation;
in case of malfunction of safety interlocks;
in case of malfunction or lack of protective grounding;
in case of malfunction or incomplete number of fasteners of drums, covers;
in case of accident of steam and hot water pipelines;
with the sudden appearance of a tangible electric current on the equipment case;
in the event of a fire.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. After the end of work (shift), it is necessary to check and put in order your workplace, machinery and equipment, leaving turn off the power switch, ventilation and lighting.

5.2. About all shortcomings and malfunctions found during operation, the personnel must make appropriate entries in the maintenance log and inform the administration.

Notes:

clause 1.1. GOST 12.0.004-90 "SSBT. Organization of occupational safety exposure" is valid. General provisions.

clause 1.11. SNiP 2.08.02-89 is in force. "Public buildings" with changes and "Handbook for the design of health care institutions" to it, developed by Gipronizdrav, 1989

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