Instructions on labor protection for a loader working in a trade organization

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Instructions on labor protection for a loader working in a trade organization. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

1. General safety requirements

1.1. On the basis of this standard instruction, an instruction on labor protection is developed for a loader working in a trade organization, taking into account the conditions of his work in a particular organization.

1.2. During work, a loader working in a trade organization may be exposed to dangerous and harmful production factors:

moving machines and mechanisms;
moving parts of conveyors, lifting machines; transported goods, containers;
collapsing stacks of stored goods; low temperature of the surfaces of refrigeration equipment, products;
reduced air temperature of the working area;
increased air movement;
increased voltage in the electrical circuit;
increased levels of static electricity;
sharp edges, burrs and uneven surfaces of equipment, tools, inventory, goods and containers;
physical overload.

1.3. A loader working in a trade organization is obliged to notify his immediate supervisor about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident that occurred at work, about the deterioration of his health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute illness.

1.4. When working with food products, a loader working in a trade organization should:

leave outerwear, shoes, headgear, personal items in the dressing room;
before starting work, put on clean sanitary clothing, change it as it gets dirty;
wash hands with soap before starting work, after visiting the toilet and contact with contaminated objects;
do not eat in utility and storage rooms.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Fasten the dressed sanitary clothing with all buttons (tie ties), avoiding hanging ends of the clothing.

Do not stab clothes with pins, needles, do not keep sharp, breakable objects in the pockets of clothes.

2.2. Prepare the work area for safe work:

check the condition of the floors (absence of potholes, unevenness, slipperiness, open unenclosed hatches, wells (on the ways of transporting goods);
make sure that the trolleys for moving barrels, cans, bear trolleys, etc. have safety brackets;
free the ways of moving the cargo and the place of its stowage from foreign objects;
lay a hard coating or flooring at least 1,5 m wide on soft ground or uneven surfaces on the way to move the load, at the level of the rail head when moving the load across the rail tracks, in other similar situations;
check the sufficiency of lighting of aisles and storage areas;
if necessary, require lighting of places of loading, unloading and movement of goods;
mark the boundaries of stacks, passages and passages between them on the site for stowage of goods;
in the cold season, clear the aisles, driveways and loading and unloading areas from snow; if necessary, sprinkle them with sand, slag or other anti-slip material.

2.3. Check the serviceability and operation of lifting and leveling platforms, lifting platforms of hydraulic carts and other equipment.

2.4. Before starting the operation of the conveyor, check with an external inspection:

the degree of tension of the tape and, if necessary, tension it;
reliability of fastening of guards of drive and tension devices;
reliable closing of moving parts (couplings, rollers), the presence of lubrication in bearings;
availability and serviceability of locking devices of starting devices, protective grounding of the conveyor frame.

2.5. At idle, check the operation of the conveyor control buttons, especially the emergency "stop" buttons in the head, tail and throughout the conveyor.

2.6. Turn on (if any) the light and sound alarm and make sure it is working.

2.7. Before performing work on the electric hoist (hoist), check:

serviceability of load-handling devices and the presence of stamps or tags on them indicating the number, load capacity and date of testing;
slings made of steel ropes, for the absence of strand breakage;
corrosion, wear, breakage of individual wires in excess of allowable limits;
chain slings for stretching, wear or cracks;
availability and reliability of grounding of the push-button control apparatus;
no jamming of the control buttons in the sockets; the condition of the steel rope and the correctness of its winding on the drum;
condition of the hook (no cracks or buckling, the presence of a cotter nut and the ease of turning the hook in the hook hanger). Turn on the electric switch and check the operation of the brake with a test load or a load close to the carrying capacity of this machine by lifting to a height of 200-300 mm, followed by holding in this position for 10 minutes;
operation of the hook height limiter.

2.8. If any malfunction of the conveyor, hoisting machine or hoisting device is detected, as well as the expiration of the next test, inform the immediate supervisor or the person responsible for the safe operation of hoisting machines and start work only after troubleshooting.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Perform only the work for which he has been trained, instructed in labor protection and for which he is admitted by the person responsible for the safe performance of work.

3.2. Do not entrust your work to untrained and unauthorized persons.

3.3. Use serviceable equipment, tools, devices necessary for safe work, use them only for the work for which they are intended.

3.4. Follow the rules of movement in the premises and on the territory of the organization, use only the established passages.

3.5. Do not block up aisles and driveways, passages between equipment, racks, stacks, passages to control panels, knife switches, escape routes and other passages with empty containers, inventory, cargo.

3.6. Use hand protection when carrying goods in rigid containers, edible ice, frozen foods.

3.7. When moving box loads, protruding nails and the ends of the iron strapping must be hammered in and removed flush.

3.8. Use a specially designed tool to open the container (nail pullers, pliers, breakers, can openers, etc.). Do not carry out these works with random objects or tools with burrs.

3.9. Timely remove spilled (spilled) goods (fats, paints, etc.), broken glassware from the floor.

3.10. Use a specially designed tool to open the container (nail pullers, pliers, breakers, can openers, etc.). Do not carry out these works with random objects or tools with burrs.

3.11. When performing work at height, do not work on unenclosed overpasses, platforms, on faulty or untested ladders and step-ladders in the prescribed manner.

3.12. Move trolleys, mobile racks, containers away from you.

3.13. Do not use random objects (boxes, barrels, etc.), equipment for sitting.

3.14. Carry goods only in proper packaging. Do not load containers more than the nominal gross weight.

3.15. Do not exceed the weight limit.

3.16. When transferring cargo, choose a free, even and shortest path, do not walk on the stowed cargo, do not overtake ahead moving loaders (especially in narrow and cramped places).

3.17. When several loaders work at the same time, each of them should be careful not to injure each other with a tool or carried load.

3.18. Movement, loading and unloading of cargo should be carried out taking into account its category and degree of danger.

3.19. When moving heavy bulky goods manually:

use strong, even rollers of the same diameter and sufficient length, the ends of which should not protrude from under the transported load by more than 30-40 cm;
lay the rollers parallel and during the movement of the load make sure that they do not turn relative to the direction of movement of the load;
to bring the rollers under the load, use crowbars or rack jacks;
take the roller for shifting only when it is completely freed from under the load, it should be corrected with a crowbar or sledgehammer blows;
during the movement of the load, beware of rollers flying out from under the load or its accidental breakdown;
large display windows should be carried on belts in pairs by several employees.

3.20. When moving rolling-drum cargoes on a horizontal surface, observe the following requirements:

when rolling barrels, rolls, drums and other similar cargoes, be behind the transported cargo;
do not roll loads, pushing them over the edges, in order to avoid injury to hands on other objects that are in the way of rolling the load;
do not carry rolled-drum loads on the back, regardless of their weight.

3.21. If the floor of the pantry is located below the level of the car body, manual loading of rolling-drum cargoes during tilting is allowed on sleds or slopes by two loaders.

When moving a load down an inclined plane, restraining devices (ropes, ropes, cables, etc.) should be used. At the same time, it is not allowed: to be in front of the rolling load, to move the load faster than the speed of the loader.

With a mass of one piece of more than 80 kg, strong ropes or mechanization should be used.

3.22. When performing work on the movement of compressed and liquefied gases in cylinders, dangerous and harmful substances, you should:

move cylinders with protective caps on, closing the valves, using special carts. Do not carry cylinders on your hands;
carry the cylinders up the stairs using a stretcher with a tightening strap;
aggressive liquids in glass containers (acids, alkalis, etc.) should be transported only in specially adapted stretchers, carts, wheelbarrows;
bottles with acid should be placed in the basket and carried by the handles to at least two loaders, having previously examined and checked the condition of the handles and the bottom of the basket. It is not allowed to carry bottles with acid or alkali on the back, shoulder and in front of you;
Handle empty acid containers with care, do not tilt empty bottles.

3.23. When performing loading and unloading operations and stacking cargo on the car, you should:

when delivering the car to the place of loading (unloading), move to a safe place;
put stops (shoes) under the wheels of a standing car. The car put under loading (unloading) must be reliably braked by a parking brake;
during the unloading of a dump truck, not be in its body or on the footboard;
before opening the sides of the car, make sure that the cargo is safely located in the body;
open and close the sides under the control of the driver of the car. The board must be opened simultaneously by two loaders located on opposite sides of the board being opened;
unloading of goods that are allowed to be dumped, to be carried out on a flyover, fenced from the sides with safety bars;
do not load logs and lumber above the racks, and also do not place a long load diagonally in the body, leaving the ends protruding beyond the side dimensions of the car, and do not block the driver's cab doors with the load;
when transporting goods (boards, logs) with a length of more than 6 m, securely fasten them to the trailer, while transporting long loads of different lengths, place shorter ones on top;
when loading in bulk, place the cargo evenly over the entire area of the body, while it should not rise above the sides;
pack boxes, barrels and other piece cargo tightly, without gaps, so that it cannot move along the body during movement. Install barrels with liquid cargo with the cap up. Each row of barrels must be installed on plank spacers and all outer rows must be wedged;
glass containers with liquids should be installed with the stopper up in a special package, each piece of cargo separately must be well secured in the body so that the cargo cannot move or tip over during movement. Glass containers with aggressive liquid should be placed in wooden or wicker baskets lined with straw or shavings;
piece loads that rise above the side of the body must be tied with strong ropes (binding of goods with metal ropes or wire is not allowed).

The height of the load should not exceed the height of passages under bridges and overpasses, and the total height from the road surface to the highest point of the load should not exceed 3,8 m.

3.24. Stop work when:

detection of non-compliance of containers with established requirements, as well as the absence of clear markings or labels on it;
the occurrence of hazardous and harmful production factors due to the impact of weather conditions on the physical and chemical composition of the cargo (unless measures are taken to create safe working conditions).

3.25. When stacking building materials:

lay the piece stone to a height of not more than 1,5 m (to avoid self-collapse);
lay the brick on a flat surface in no more than 25 rows;
the height of a stack of sawn timber during row stacking should not exceed half the width of the stack, and when stacked in cages, it should not exceed the width of the stack;
to give piles of sand, gravel, crushed stone and other bulk materials a natural angle of slope or to enclose them with strong retaining walls;
stack boxes with glass in one row in height. When stacking and removing boxes with glass, loaders should be on the end side of the box.

3.26. Unstacking of goods should be carried out only from top to bottom.

3.27. When taking bulk cargo from a stack, do not allow the formation of a tunnel.

Loose, dusty cargoes (cement, alabaster, etc.) should be unloaded into chests and other closed containers that protect them from spraying. Lime and other caustic dusting substances should be loaded and unloaded in bulk only in a mechanized way, which excludes air pollution of the working area.

3.28. To prevent emergencies, the loader must: know and apply conditional signaling when loading and unloading goods by hoisting and transport mechanisms; when loading (unloading) refrigerating chambers, take precautions to prevent accidental isolation of workers in them.

3.29. It is forbidden:

to be and perform work under a lifted load, on the paths of traffic;
unload cargo in places not suitable for this (on temporary ceilings, directly on pipes of steam and gas pipelines, electric cables, close to fences and walls of various structures and devices).

3.30. While working with lifting and transport equipment:

comply with the safety requirements set forth in the operational documentation of equipment manufacturers;
warn about the upcoming start-up of the equipment to employees nearby;
turn on and off the equipment with dry hands and only with the help of the "start" and "stop" buttons;
do not touch open and unshielded current-carrying parts of the equipment, bare wires and wires with damaged insulation;
do not overload the equipment used;
it is possible to inspect, regulate, eliminate the slippage of the conveyor belt and its other malfunctions, remove stuck objects, goods, clean used equipment only after it is stopped using the "stop" button, disconnected from the power source and a poster "Do not turn it on! People are working!", and after a complete stop of the rotating and moving parts, which have a dangerous inertial course.

3.31. When using lifting and transport equipment, it is not allowed:

adjust belts, drive chains, remove and install guards during equipment operation;
exceed the permissible speed of the equipment;
leave the operating equipment unattended, allow untrained and unauthorized persons to operate it;
the presence of voltage (shocks) on its body, frame or casing of ballasts, the occurrence of extraneous noise, the smell of burning insulation, spontaneous stop or incorrect operation of mechanisms and equipment elements. In the event of these circumstances, stop (turn off) the operation of the equipment with the stop button (switch) and disconnect from the electrical network using the starting device, inform the immediate supervisor about this and do not turn it on until the malfunction is eliminated.

3.32. During operation of the conveyor:

observe the established (at least 1 m wide) passages on both sides of the conveyor;
install an inclined conveyor at an angle not exceeding 30°;
run the conveyor in an unloaded state; load the load-carrying body of the conveyor evenly. The mass of the load must not exceed the permissible loads;
stack the load stably, symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor.

The load laid on the conveyor should not protrude beyond its dimensions. If the dimensions of the load are less than the distance between the three rollers, then it should be placed on a pallet.

3.33. During the operation of the conveyor is not allowed:

eliminate slippage of the belt by adding sand, earth or by throwing any objects on the drive drum. If the conveyor belt slips or is skewed, work must be stopped;
clean the tape with your hands, help it move;
to pass through the moving tape;
clean up spilled substances under the conveyor belt or drum;
turn the stopped rollers, correct the load manually;
work without receiving and serving tables;
adjust and tension the belt.

3.34. During the operation of the electric hoist (hoist):

lift and move cargo, the weight of which does not exceed the lifting capacity of the hoist;
monitor the reliability of tying and securing the load with load-handling devices (hooks, slings, grabs) so that the fall of the load or its individual parts is excluded;
move the load in a horizontal direction at least 0,5 m above the objects encountered on the way;
during the movement of the cargo to be from him at a safe distance;
to tie the load, use slings corresponding to the mass of the load being lifted;
when moving goods in a container, do not load it above the sides;
before starting the movement of goods in a special container, check its serviceability, marking (number, carrying capacity, own weight);
when lifting and moving long loads, use special braces (hooks, etc.);
lift and move loads smoothly, without jerking and swinging;
lower the load to a place that excludes the possibility of its falling, overturning or sliding;
turn off the main switch at the end or a break in work.

3.35. During the operation of the electric hoist it is not allowed:

drag the load along the floor with the help of load-handling devices with an oblique tension of the rope;
stop the lifting of the load by bringing the clip to the limit switch;
equalize the load with your body weight;
move cargo over people;
pass through cluttered aisles when moving cargo;
leave the load and lifting devices in the raised position during a break in work.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of a breakdown of equipment that threatens an accident at the workplace, stop its operation, as well as the supply of electricity, cargo, goods, etc. to it. Report on the measures taken to the immediate supervisor (the person responsible for the safe operation of the equipment) and act in accordance with the instructions received.

4.2. In an emergency, notify other people about the danger, report to the immediate supervisor about the incident and act in accordance with the emergency response plan.

4.3. If in the course of work the unloading point is contaminated with fats or spilled powdery substances (flour, cement, etc.), stop the work until the pollutants are removed.

4.4. Remove spilled grease with a rag or other grease-absorbing material. Rinse the contaminated area (heated to no more than 50 ° C) with a solution of soda ash and wipe dry.

4.5. To remove spilled dusty powdery substances, wear goggles and a respirator. Carefully remove a small amount of them with a damp cloth or vacuum cleaner.

4.6. In case of injury, poisoning and sudden illness, the victim should be provided with first (pre-medical) assistance and, if necessary, his delivery to a healthcare facility should be organized.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. Turn off and de-energize the equipment used using a switch or a device that replaces it and prevents accidental start. Post a poster on the launcher "Do not turn it on! People are working!".

5.2. Release the conveyor from the load and clean from contamination. Clean the conveyor with a brush, dry rags, etc. only after a complete stop of moving parts and mechanisms. Close the locking device of the starting device. Lower the inclined conveyor to the lowest position.

5.3. Remove removable load-handling devices, inventory in designated storage areas. Place the load trolley on a level surface, the hydraulic trolley frame must be lowered to the lower position.

5.4. Do not clean up garbage, waste directly with your hands, use brushes, scoops and other devices for this purpose.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Procedural nurse. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Doorman. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Work on a cover-making machine such as KD-3, etc.. Standard instructions for labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

The initiative of a woman affects the relationship in a couple 08.03.2018

British scientists analyzed the work of the dating application and found out how female determination affects luck in relationships. It has been proven that women who take the first step in a relationship are more successful in love than non-initiative ladies.

The experts analyzed data on 100 heterosexual couples in long-term and stable relationships. As a result, it turned out that for every three pairs of the studied, there is one in which the initiator of the relationship was a woman - the first to write to a partner on the Web or send an SMS message.

Also, scientists note that women who take the first step towards rapprochement with a potential partner are three times more likely to start a full-fledged romance that can lead to marriage.

At the same time, the experiment showed that couples who are satisfied with their relationship more often than others have an age difference of 3 years. Interestingly, in 80 percent of strong and harmonious couples, partners have the same level of education.

Other interesting news:

▪ AOC 24G15N 1080p Gaming Monitor

▪ Automatic speed limit for electric scooters on sidewalks

▪ An artificial analogue of the cells of the immune system has been developed

▪ New material for nuclear waste disposal

▪ Pluto emits X-rays

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Grounding and grounding. Selection of articles

▪ article by Benjamin Disraeli. Famous aphorisms

▪ article What is a marathon? Detailed answer

▪ article Operation of fuel tank farms. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Water level meter. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article FM receiver 1,5 - 170 MHz. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews