Instructions for labor protection when working with liquid nitrogen and liquid helium

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when working with liquid nitrogen and liquid helium. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

1. Dewar vessels are used for storage and transportation of small amounts of liquid nitrogen, helium, oxygen, air and can only be used for the liquefied gas for which they are designed and tested.

It is forbidden to pour anything other than liquefied gases into Dewar vessels, and the inscriptions on them must correspond to the name of the liquefied gas used.

2. A metal Dewar vessel consists of two spherical vessels inserted into one another and having long necks. A vacuum is created in the space between the inner and outer vessels. The assembled Dewar vessel is firmly fixed in a metal case by the neck, which protects the vessel from damage and makes it convenient to use the Dewar vessel during transfer, overflow and transportation.

3. The mouth of the Dewar must always be closed with a special cap attached to the body with a chain. The special cap allows the vessel to "breathe" and protects the vessel from moisture ingress.

1. General provisions

1.1. This labor protection instruction is designed to organize safe work with liquid nitrogen and liquid helium in physical laboratories. The requirements of this instruction on labor protection are mandatory for employees. Responsibility for ensuring safe working conditions rests with the work manager.

1.2. Persons not younger than 18 years of age and who have passed:

medical examination and not having medical contraindications;
training and having a certificate for the right to serve vessels;
briefing on labor protection and fire safety at the workplace;
training in the rules of conduct in the event of an emergency, the provision of first (pre-medical) assistance to victims.

1.3 The laboratory employee is obliged to comply with the Internal Regulations of the University, comply with the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards and personal hygiene rules, warn employees about the need to comply with the requirements that ensure labor safety, keep their workplace clean and tidy throughout the working day, and not clutter it up with strangers items. Smoking and eating only in places designated for this purpose. Report all violations and deficiencies to the supervisor immediately.

1.4. Laboratory employees are exposed to the following harmful and dangerous factors of the production environment:

increased noise level during compressor operation;
exposure to ultra-low temperatures (possibility of frostbite);
mechanical impact when moving Dewar vessels (loading and unloading).

1.5. To perform their duties, laboratory staff should be provided with overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the "Model Industry Standards for the Issuance of PPE".

1.6. For violation of the requirements of labor protection, fire safety and internal regulations, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Check the availability and serviceability of personal protective equipment, wear correctly provided for by the "Norms." overalls, footwear and other PPE. Keep your hair under your headdress.

It is forbidden to work in light shoes, change clothes near working mechanisms.

2.2. Prepare your workplace for safe work, remove foreign objects, clear aisles, check the availability, completeness and serviceability of tools and accessories.

2.3. Adjust local lighting so that the work area is adequately illuminated and the light does not blind the eyes.

In areas of increased danger, use a lamp with a supply voltage of 42 V, and in especially dangerous rooms - no more than 12 V in explosion-proof design.

2.4. Receive instruction from the person responsible for the organization of this type of work and work under his supervision.

2.5. Dewars must be protected from oil, fats and organic matter by keeping them in a clean and dry area at all times.

All work should be carried out in clean overalls and safety shoes, goggles and gloves. Avoid soiling clothing.

2.6. Before filling the Dewar vessel, remove the stopper, lower a clean metal rod to the bottom and make sure that there is no moisture on the bottom of the vessel. If the eraser is wet, it is applied to a clean sheet of paper. If at the same time greasy spots remain on the paper, the vessel must be washed. If there is only water at the bottom of the vessel, it should be dried.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. During work, it is necessary to be attentive, not to engage in extraneous matters (conversations), not to distract others. You should perform only the work that is assigned, and also comply with the requirements of this Instruction on labor protection.

3.2. Metal Dewar vessels are filled with liquid nitrogen (helium) through a metal funnel with a tube, the length of which must be at least 300 mm longer than the length of the neck of the vessel, so that the liquefied gas flows out of it into the vessel.

It must be borne in mind that in case of inaccurate filling of the Dewar vessel, liquefied gas can splash out of the neck, and its drops on unprotected areas of the skin of the body and mucous membranes can lead to severe burns (frostbite).

3.3. The filled Dewar vessel must be closed with a special cap.

The absence of a special cap on the neck of the vessel can lead to the ingress of fats, oils, organic substances into the vessel, which can lead to an explosion. Moisture entering the neck of the vessel can lead to clogging of the neck (formation of ice) and subsequent rupture of the vessel.

3.4. The pouring of liquefied gas from the Dewar vessel can be done through the neck, tilting the vessel, or using a special device.

It is not recommended to leave a small amount of liquefied gas in the Dewar vessel, because as the residues evaporate, impurities are concentrated in the vessel.

Empty Dewars must be periodically washed (degreased) and dried. Ethyl alcohol is recommended as a solvent and drying agent.

3.5. Dewar vessels should be checked for serviceability at least once every 6 months in order to determine suitability for work.

Normally working Dewar vessel with a capacity of 15 liters. during the warranty period must not increase the volatility over 50 g / h. Large evaporation indicates a violation of the vacuum.

3.6. There should be no foreign objects in the Dewar vessel, if they are present and cannot be removed (extracted), the vessel must be sent for repair.

It is not allowed to carry out repairs of any kind on the Dewar vessels on your own, with the exception of painting it in the color corresponding to liquefied gas. Repair of Dewar vessels is carried out only by specialized enterprises.

3.7. When transporting both empty and filled Dewars, the following requirements must be observed:

the vehicle must be clean and fire-safe;
it is forbidden to transport Dewar vessels together with any fatty substances and combustible materials;
Dewar vessels during transportation must be secured in such a way that they cannot move and do not collide with each other;
pouring liquefied gas on the way is not allowed;
when carrying by hand, be sure to take the Dewar vessel by the handles together. It is forbidden to roll Dewar vessels from place to place.

3.8. In the room where the Dewar vessels filled with liquefied gases are located, it is strictly forbidden to smoke, use open fire, store flammable and combustible substances and materials, and use non-explosion-proof electric lighting.

3.9. When working with liquid nitrogen (helium) it is strictly forbidden:

prepare cooling mixtures by pouring liquid nitrogen (helium) directly into organic liquids;
use liquid nitrogen (helium) to cool the trap or other vessels designed to condense low-boiling organic compounds, since in this case oxygen from atmospheric air condenses in a vessel immersed in liquid nitrogen, which can lead to an explosion.

4. Safety requirements after completion of work

4.1. Report to the manager on the performance of the work and on any shortcomings noticed.

4.2 Tidy up your workplace, put tools, accessories, equipment in the indicated place, remove waste and garbage.

4.3. The removed and put in order overalls, special footwear and other PPE should be placed in the place designated for this purpose.

4.4. Wash face and hands with warm water and soap, take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency cases

5.1. Immediately stop work and inform the head of work, in case of:

injury to an employee;
the occurrence of a fire or its prerequisites;
occurrence of an emergency;
malfunctions of equipment, apparatus, vessel.

5.2. In the event of an injury, you must:

release the victim from the action of the traumatic factor;
maintain the situation at the scene of the accident as it was at the time of the accident, if this does not endanger other people;
provide the victim with first (pre-medical) aid;
call an ambulance to the victim;
report the incident to the supervisor.

5.3. In the event of a fire, you must:

immediately report the fire and its location to the university fire department on duty (tel. _______), as well as to the head;
de-energize the area with a common switch on the power shield;
take measures to extinguish the fire with available fire fighting equipment (fire extinguisher, sand, etc.).

5.4. In the event of an emergency, malfunction of equipment, apparatus, vessel, immediately stop work, report to the work manager and act according to his instructions.

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