Labor protection management. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Labor protection management. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Legislative basis for labor protection

Under labor protection management refers to the process of organized influence on control objects in order to comply with regulatory safety requirements. In accordance with Art. 11 of the Federal Law "On the Basics of Occupational Safety and Health in the Russian Federation", state management of labor protection is carried out by the Government of the Russian Federation directly or on its behalf by the federal executive body in charge of labor protection issues (the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation) and other federal executive bodies.

The federal executive body in charge of labor protection issues performs the following functions:

adopts resolutions, gives explanations on the application of normative legal acts in the field of labor protection;
coordinates research work;
coordinates the work of labor protection services of federal executive bodies;
interacts with the executive authorities of the subjects of the federation;
provides methodological guidance for the promotion of best practices;
organizes the accounting of needs for personal protective equipment;
submits to the Government of the Russian Federation an annual report on the state of labor protection and ongoing measures for labor protection.

The main goal of labor protection management is to improve the organization of work to ensure safety, reduce injuries and accidents by solving a set of tasks to create safe and harmless working conditions, medical and preventive and sanitary services for workers.

The labor protection management system in the Russian Federation has three levels of management: federal, the level of the subject of the Russian Federation and local.

To coordinate the activities of ministries and departments in the field of labor protection, an interdepartmental commission on labor protection is being created, which is headed by the Minister of Health and Social Development. In her tasks is included:

development of a federal program to improve working conditions;
analysis of legislative acts;
development of proposals for international cooperation.

The main state examination of working conditions, which is part of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, is the controlling body that performs following functions:

control over the correctness of the appointment of pensions;
control over the correct application of the lists of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators that give the right to an old-age pension on preferential terms (lists No. 1 and No. 2);
interaction with social security authorities; control of working conditions and labor protection.

Bodies of state expertise of working conditions in accordance with specific tasks carry out the following types expertise:

examination of working conditions in projects for the construction of new and reconstructed enterprises;
examination of working conditions at workplaces;
examination of the correctness of the application of lists of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators for which preferential pensions and additional holidays are established;
labor expertise to assess the cost of benefits and compensation for work in adverse working conditions for the differentiation of social insurance rates;
examination of working conditions to resolve disputes arising between legal entities and citizens (employees) regarding the assessment of working conditions, the provision of benefits and compensation for work in adverse working conditions, as well as other disputes subject to consideration by the State Expertise of Working Conditions;
examination of working conditions on the proposals of enterprises and organizations in order to change the lists of industries, jobs, professions, positions and indicators for preferential pensions and additional leave (carried out by the Main State Expertise of Working Conditions or State Expertises of Working Conditions of the Republics together with their regional, regional and district bodies );
other types of examinations arising from the tasks of the State examination of working conditions.

The Federal Labor Inspectorate exercises state control and supervision over compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on labor and labor protection and performs the following main Features:

provides organizational and methodological guidance for the activities of state labor inspectorates, their regulatory and material support;
monitors compliance with the established procedure for investigating and recording industrial accidents and occupational diseases;
analyzes the state and causes of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity and develops measures for their prevention;
prepares and publishes annual reports on the activities of the federal labor inspectorate.

Heads of enterprises, structural subdivisions, functional services, labor protection departments, trade union committees are directly involved in solving problems in the field of labor protection.

The main tasks of the management bodies at the enterprise are:

ensuring the safety of production processes;
ensuring the safety of production equipment;
ensuring the safety of buildings and structures;
normalization of sanitary and hygienic working conditions;
training workers in the rules and norms of labor protection, promotion of labor protection issues;
providing employees with personal protective equipment;
ensuring optimal working and rest conditions;
organization of treatment and preventive care for employees;
professional selection of workers in certain specialties.

Each of the tasks is implemented through management functions: accounting, analysis and evaluation, control, planning and forecasting, stimulation, organization, coordination and regulation.

Authors: Volkhin S.N., Petrova S.P., Petrov V.P.

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