General concepts of fire safety. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health

General concepts of fire safety. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Legislative basis for labor protection

General legal, economic and social foundations for ensuring fire safety in the Russian Federation is determined by the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" -. Normative legal documents in the field of fire safety are also the "Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation" (PPB 01-03), state standards of the System of Labor Safety Standards (SSBT), Building Codes and Rules (SNiP), Fire Safety Standards (NPB), etc. Ensuring fire safety is one of the most important functions of the state.

The most important concept of fire safety is the concept of "fire", which is understood as uncontrolled combustion, causing material damage, harm to the life and health of citizens, the interests of society and the state.

The law defines fire safety as a state of protection of an individual, property, society and the state from fire, and fire safety requirements - as special conditions of a social and / or technical nature established in order to ensure fire safety by the legislation of the Russian Federation, other regulatory documents or an authorized state body.

At the same time, violation of fire safety requirements is understood as non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of fire safety requirements.

All fire safety requirements are aimed either at preventing the occurrence of a fire, or at organizing the possibilities for its elimination.

The fire safety system is understood as a set of forces and means, as well as legal, organizational, economic, social, scientific and technical measures aimed at fighting fires.

The main elements of the fire safety system are federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, local governments, enterprises, citizens involved in ensuring fire safety in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Authors: Fainburg G.Z., Ovsyankin A.D., Potemkin V.I.

We recommend interesting articles Section Occupational Safety and Health:

▪ Help with fractures, dislocations, bruises and sprains

▪ Basic requirements for projects of industrial enterprises and industries

▪ Examination of insured events in connection with an occupational disease

See other articles Section Occupational Safety and Health.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Diesel fuel from sugar 22.11.2012

Scientists at the University of California have resurrected an abandoned technology for converting starch into explosives and using it to create a process that makes it possible to produce diesel fuel.

The technique for producing diesel fuel from bacterial fermentation products was developed by the chemist Chaim Weizmann almost 100 years ago. It allows the production of a combination of products that contains more energy per liter than ethanol, which is now widely used in transport and can become commercially viable within 5-10 years.

The Weizmann process is based on the activity of the bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum, which promotes the conversion of sugars into acetone, butanol and ethanol. American scientists improved the technology using a new catalyst and increased the yield of acetone and butanol. As a result, the fermentation of the mixture produces less ethanol, but more long-chain hydrocarbons, which are similar to the combination of hydrocarbons in diesel fuel. This technology is good in that it uses a widely available renewable raw material, sugar or starch, to produce fuel, and allows you to directly produce fuel or chemical components necessary for the manufacture of, for example, plastics.

Tests have shown that the fuel obtained by the new method burns almost the same as petroleum diesel fuel, which means that it can be mixed with traditional fuel. The new process is quite versatile and allows the use of a wide range of renewable raw materials: from corn sugar (glucose) and cane sugar (sucrose) to starch, as well as non-food raw materials (grass, branches, straw, etc.). The process can be customized to produce a variety of hydrocarbons, including light hydrocarbons like gasoline or jet fuel.

Initially, Weizmann developed his own technology for the production of gunpowder. However, oil soon became more accessible and cheaper, and Weizmann's technology did not catch on because it was too inefficient. Today, American scientists have been able to create a catalyst based on palladium and potassium phosphate. The catalyst effectively binds ethanol and butanol and converts them into aldehydes. The aldehydes then react with acetone to produce long chain hydrocarbons.

So far, this technology produces fuel that is more expensive than oil. However, it can find its niche, for example, to reduce oil dependence. In addition, scientists are working to replace expensive palladium catalysts with cheaper and more efficient ones, which will make diesel fuel from sugar more competitive.

Other interesting news:

▪ Seagate 4TB Portable Drive

▪ Clean energy overtakes coal

▪ The moon will prevent the global energy crisis

▪ Artificial meteor showers

▪ Do meteorites affect the climate

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the website Basics of First Medical Aid (BFA). Selection of articles

▪ article The revolution has a beginning - the revolution has no end. Popular expression

▪ article Where does Baltika beer cost more than Guinness? Detailed answer

▪ Derez's article is bearded. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Biophysommeter for diagnosing the functional state of a person. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ UMZCH article on the TDA7294 chip. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews