Human security in the information space. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Human security in the information space. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

The seriousness of the situation in the field of influence on a person in the information space is evidenced by the widespread use of almost military terminology to describe this process: information war, information weapons, information sabotage, information terrorism, information killer.

Speaking about the security of the individual in the information space, in addition to the concept of "threat", it is advisable to use the term "violence". As a rule, it refers to physical violence against a person. At the same time, it is possible and necessary to talk about violence against a person in the sphere of political life, in the spiritual sphere, etc. In terms of content, a threat is a possible (potential) danger, and violence is the actual realization of a threat, coercive influence, in our case, informational, on personality.

Of particular relevance is the problem information and psychological security, which is due to many factors.

On the one hand, it is complex, sometimes contradictory and negative processes in the political, socio-economic and spiritual spheres, which include:

the destruction of the old administrative-command system and the difficult formation of a new Russian statehood based on democratic principles;
difficulties of transition to a market economy;
crisis of state ideology;
deformation of the system of norms, attitudes and values;
increase in crime;
declining living standards and rising unemployment;
the stratification of society into rich and poor and the deterioration of relations between people;
underestimation of the national and cultural-historical traditions of the peoples of Russia and the penetration of Western mass culture into the public consciousness;
change in the geopolitical situation;
the destructive role of various forms of mythological consciousness and totalitarian religious sects, the decline in prestige and the weakening of the most important socio-cultural institutions of the state - science, education, upbringing (including physical and psychological) and culture.

All this, of course, can reduce the resistance of the individual, her psyche to various informational influences. A person is considered stable if she is able to make a critical analysis, evaluate the perceived information, and also make an objective decision based on this information.

On the other hand, it is a colossal increase in the effectiveness of means of information impact on the psyche of people and public consciousness. Modern and promising information technologies and tools allow you to manage the information interaction of people, public consciousness and control them.

In particular, there are potential opportunities to eavesdrop on all telephone conversations, to control correspondence, to create and illegally use computer databases of confidential data about personalities, to carry out a hidden information impact on the psyche of people, etc., etc.

The objects of ensuring information and psychological security are:

individual citizens representing different age, socio-cultural and national groups and strata of society;
individual social groups and strata as components of the social structure of society (including professional, national-ethnic, etc.);
individual organizations, groups and individuals, specific representatives of public authorities and administration, the Armed Forces, law enforcement and security agencies, industrial, financial and other structures engaged in activities that have or may have important social consequences;
organized mass associations and amateur groups of citizens with their own special way of life, motivation system, mentality, mentality, etc. (Armed forces of the Russian Federation, refugees, "Afghans", etc.);
population of specific regions, industrial and agro-industrial agglomerations, individual territorial regions and places of compact residence of people, etc.;
public and political organizations, socio-political movements and parties;
the population of the country as a whole as a socio-historical community of people with specific features of social psychology, a unique system of socio-cultural and socio-psychological norms and traditions;
the spiritual sphere of society, the components of which are public consciousness, public opinion and the socio-psychological climate (including education and upbringing systems, mass media systems that affect social behavior and organization of people's life).

The information and psychological security of the listed objects creates conditions for ensuring the mental health of each individual and the population of the country as a whole, the reliable functioning of state and public institutions, as well as the formation of individual, group and mass consciousness with the aim of progressive development of society.

Channels (means) of informational impact on a person are very diverse. These are the family, the educational sphere (kindergarten, school, university), the street, books, radio, cinema, television, mass printing (newspapers, magazines), audiovisual media, in particular, a variety of playback equipment (tape recorders, players, video recorders), etc. Before our eyes, a new powerful means of information influence is being born - the Internet, next in line are the equipment and technologies of virtual realities, promising truly fantastic prospects for virtual influences. And visual information is the most informative and effective. No wonder the proverb says: "It is better to see once than hear a hundred times." The effectiveness of the impact of these and other channels on a person is significantly increased due to the active development and widespread use of new information technologies.

Information technologies are a great boon for mankind, they determine the future of society. But at the same time, in the hands of malefactors, it is a terrible weapon; the main danger lies in unauthorized access (active or passive) to its source or consumer (personality). The latter is the information impact on the individual.

It should be emphasized huge opportunities in this domain modern media. In essence, today the media is practically the only structure through which the population daily, hourly receives information about the processes in the country, region, and world. They literally impose different ideological views. Therefore, one cannot but agree with the opinion that "today the media in Russia can act both as a force stabilizing the situation in society and become a detonator of a social explosion." This statement is especially relevant during the period of election campaigns, which have actually become our daily reality. In October 1999, a scientific-practical conference "Information and psychological security of election campaigns (prevention and neutralization of "dirty" technologies)" was even held in Moscow.

As you know, television is designed to inform, educate and entertain. Addressed directly to the individual and society, it has a huge power of information impact. In our country, television, from the moment of its inception, also performs the function of a "collective agitator and propagandist." In the new socio-economic conditions, this function began to be implemented more frankly and aggressively.

In connection with the commercialization of the media, which is typical and natural for a market economy, a stream of advertisements, films and programs promoting violence, sadism, and sex fell upon the individual and society from television screens. All of these can be classified as unauthorized access to consciousness. A consequence of the dominance of the principle of "advertising break" on television is the impact on the psyche of millions of people. This is a direct violation of human rights - the right to free choice. Ideally, advertisements should be advertised on the broadcasting grid so that everyone has the opportunity to choose them as they wish.

Directly related to the security of the individual in the information space is the problem of defrauded depositors. In the period from 1992 to 1995, about 50 million Russians suffered from the actions of the organizers of financial pyramids. These people, the overwhelming majority of whom are elderly, turned out to be victims of the information press, that massive advertising that promised almost instantaneous fabulous enrichment.

In a market economy, information becomes a commodity, a product, a service. And this means that in order to ensure the information security of the individual, you can use laws that protect the consumer from low-quality products and services.

In number priority measures aimed at ensuring the information security of the individual, includes the following.

1. Development of information culture of the population, including the development of personal methods of active and passive protection from dangerous information impacts and the inculcation of the skills of technologically competent information production.

2. Development of legislation in the information sphere. The main and, perhaps, the only guarantor of the observance of the rights and freedoms of the individual in the information space is the state. It can realize this function only through appropriate laws. It should be noted that the legislation in the information sphere has no analogues in history. Therefore, in addition to lawyers, specialists from various fields, including computer science, information technology, psychology, sociology, pedagogy, etc., should be involved in its development. Certain steps have already been taken in this direction. The working group of the Interdepartmental Commission on Information Security under the leadership of the Security Council of the Russian Federation developed a draft concept for improving the legal support of information security in the Russian Federation.

3. Creation of a monitoring system for information technology risk factors (perhaps by expanding the functions of public opinion research structures provided with appropriate methods).

4. Expansion of international cooperation on security issues in the information space. The range of issues to be discussed within the framework of such cooperation is very wide. This is the establishment of an agreed point of view on the problems of the impact of information on individual and mass consciousness, on the human psyche, and the preparation of agreements (conventions) on the non-use of the information space for hostile purposes, on control over the production and implementation of information technologies that can be used in terrorist and criminal purposes, on the international legal protection of network information resources, on the possibility of controlling and restricting the dissemination of information via global networks such as the Internet that has a negative impact on the physical, mental and social health of people, especially children and youth, etc.

Without the implementation of these and other measures aimed at creating the necessary conditions for the safe development of the individual in modern conditions, both the sustainable development of the economy and the very future development of Russia are unthinkable. The security of everyone predetermines the security of all, including the state.

Conclusions

Informatization of society gives rise to problems of information security, the main of which is the problem of information wars and information terrorism. They are of a global nature, but for Russia they become especially acute, due to its geopolitical and economic position.

Threats to the information security of Russia are divided according to the general direction (threats to the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, the spiritual life of society, the information structure, information resources) and according to the methods of influence (information proper, software-mathematical, physical and organizational).

In modern society, information security is an essential component of national security. The level of economic, defense, social, political and other types of security largely depends on it.

In the theory and practice of information security, two areas can be distinguished: information protection and information and psychological security. Information and psychological security creates conditions for ensuring the mental health of an individual and the population of the country as a whole, the reliable functioning of state and public institutions, as well as the formation of individual, group and mass consciousness aimed at the progressive development of society. Information security is the key to sustainable development of the economy and society.

Authors: Gubanov V.M., Mikhailov L.A., Solomin V.P.

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