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MODELING
Throwing gliders. Tips for a modeler
Directory / Radio control equipment Throwing gliders are designed with enthusiasm by both beginners and experienced aircraft modellers. What attracts here is that models from quite affordable materials turn out no worse than those assembled from scarce balsa. It should be recalled that in competitions with such models, the main thing is to achieve the maximum flight duration, while athletes can launch the glider only by throwing their hands. We bring to the attention of modellers two simple throwing gliders - "Pioneer" and "Junior", developed in the circle of experimental modeling of the SUT of the city of Kostroma. Both models showed good results in the competition - even in the absence of significant updrafts, their flight duration was at least 30 seconds. Preparatory work begins with the execution of drawings of the details of the airframe on a scale of 1: 1, the manufacture of templates for the wing, stabilizer, keel and forward fuselage, as well as the selection of materials. For the wing, stabilizer and keel, it is best to use 3,5 mm thick foam ceiling tiles with dimensions of 500x500 mm, which can be purchased at building and finishing stores. For the forward fuselage, a denser foam will be required. The tail boom and wing spar are best planed from pine. You will also need thick drawing paper (whatman paper), thin writing paper, as well as PVA glue and nitro paints. Modeling is recommended to start with the manufacture of bearing surfaces, keel and stabilizer. These details, after marking the contour according to the templates, should be cut out of the foam with a sharply sharpened scalpel. As can be seen from the drawings, both models have a rectangular wing shape in plan, with a constant profile. The Pioneer wing will require a 3,5 mm thick blank, and the Junior wing will require a 7 mm thick blank (this blank can be obtained by gluing two 3,5 mm foam plates). After the adhesive has cured, a groove for the spar is cut in the wing, and then profiling is performed. The wing profile is flat-convex. Initially, it is best to give it the desired shape with a sharply sharpened knife, but you can finally finish it with the help of skins of various grain sizes glued onto plywood plates measuring 200x50 mm, using a template made of thin plywood. Next, the end parts (the so-called "ears") should be cut off from the wing and, after fitting, glue them to the same places, maintaining equal angles. In this case, it is recommended to use the simplest template - a wooden wedge, cut in accordance with the dimensions of the bend of the consoles indicated on the drawing of the corresponding airframe. After assembling the wing, its leading edge up to the spar is covered with thin writing paper using PVA glue diluted with water. The profile of the keel and stabilizer is flat, with rounded front and pointed trailing edges. In the back of each part, shallow cuts indicate the rudders and elevators - they are used when debugging glider models. In the manufacture of the fuselage, fine-pored foam and pine should be used. In the forward part of the fuselage, a hole is cut along the wing profile, taking into account the installation angle of 2 °, as well as a groove for a balancing lead weight. The airframe is assembled using PVA glue. The finished wing is carefully inserted into the hole on the fuselage and fixed with glue. Further, on the lower surface of the right half-wing, close to the fuselage, a triangular plywood plate 1,5 mm thick is glued - a support for the athlete's index finger when the model is launched. The junction of the wing and fuselage is reinforced with strips of drawing paper. And at the end of the assembly, the keel and stabilizer are finally installed and fixed with glue. The finishing of the models consists in painting with nitro enamel the sections of the wing and tail boom pasted over with paper. The mass of the "Pioneer" ready for flight should not exceed 26 g, "Junior" - 30 g.
Debugging gliders should begin with the elimination of distortions, after which you can proceed to balancing. It lies in the fact that with the help of loading or lightening the forward part of the airframe fuselage, its center of gravity is located on the axis of the wing spar. In this case, loading is carried out with the help of pieces of lead placed in a groove cut in the forward part of the fuselage, and relief is made by drilling holes in the fuselage. After such preliminary balancing, the pieces of lead are melted and cast into a suitable size mold; the finished lead block is wrapped with thread, smeared with glue and again laid in the groove. During trial runs, it is necessary to achieve a smooth transition of the model from climbing to hovering in the left turn. Deviations from the course are corrected with the help of slight bends in the trailing edges of the wing, stabilizer and vertical tail. Author: A.Tikhonov
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