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MODELING
Models - copies of rockets. Tips for a modeler
Directory / Radio control equipment One of the interesting types of competitions among rocket modellers is the launch of copy models - original miniature rockets. In the FAI Sporting Code and our "Rules" replica models are represented by two categories S5 and S7 - for height and realism of flight. Today our story is about high-rise copies.
Six classes include the category of models-copies for flight altitude-S5. There are two championship classes: S5B - for juniors and S5C - for adults. The technical requirements for the models are as follows: S5B - MWP pulse - no more than 5 n.s., maximum weight - 120 g, minimum diameter (at least 20% of the total length) - 40 mm, total length - at least 500 mm; S5С - MWP pulse - no more than 10 n.s., maximum weight - 150 g, minimum diameter (at least 20% of the total length) - 50 mm, total length - at least 650 mm. Since 1974 (since the second World Championship) high-altitude spear starts have been included in the competition program. R. Frebrey (England) became the first world champion. Of the Russian athletes, the first big victory in 1981 was won by Yuri Soldatov, who became the champion of Europe. And our first winner of the world championship in 1990 was Sergey Ilyin. Since then, we have only winners. In different years they were: Vladimir Minakov, Yuri Firsov, Vladimir Menshikov and Oleg Voronov. Russian juniors also successfully perform in the category of high-altitude spears. So, over the years, the world champions in the S5С class have become: Roman Khorosh (1994), Ivan Uliskov (1996), Mikhail Pereverov (2002) and Elena Yakunina (2006). Models that are copies of existing or existing guided missiles, rockets, launch vehicles of prototype spacecraft are allowed to compete in the S5 category. If the prototype is multi-stage, then the copy model can be designed without "working" upper stages. Competitions of models-copies of the S5 category include two stages: the first is bench evaluation, the second is the achievement of the highest flight altitude. For bench evaluation, the competitor submits a ready-to-launch model and documentation for this prototype to confirm that the model complies with the scale, shape and size, coloring and marking pattern. The minimum data is the length and diameter of the prototype and one photograph of the prototype as a whole. Of course, it is unrealistic to get a good mark for the "stand". Therefore, the submission of additional photographs and drawings is desirable. Moreover, this information must be from reliable sources - magazines, books, certified drawings of manufacturers. The maximum number of points for a stand is 850. The stand score is composed of the following items: documentation - maximum 50 points, conformity to scale - 250, craftsmanship - 350, degree of difficulty - 200 points. To complete the flight, each participant is provided with three tours. The total number of points received by the participant for the bench mark and the flight altitude shown in the best tour (one meter of height - one point) determines the winner. In case of equality of points, the advantage is given to the participant with a higher bench mark. If an athlete at a competition receives a zero mark for the flight altitude due to losses during observation or a discrepancy in the measurement results of more than 10%, then he retains the bench mark. Work on a model-copy of the S5, a kind of sports "projectile" for competitions, should begin with the choice of a prototype. At the same time, much depends on the experience, sports experience of a rocket modeller. Without good skills, it makes no sense to take on a complex prototype. And most importantly - to determine the options (ways) to achieve victorious results. The one-stage model is the first and most reliable way, then you should proceed to two-stage models. It must be admitted that the choice of option determines the direction of work. What to give preference - "stand" or flight altitude? The potential winner, the "rocketeer" opts for that more complex prototype, which would have two stages and more external detailing. These components (including the craftsmanship) add up to the highest score for the bench mark - one of the components of the victory in this category. The second is the achievement of the greatest height. And here you can’t do without two “working” steps. After all, only in this category two terms - "bench" and flight altitude can provide a good final result. It must be admitted that today the majority of athletes (about 90%) take a two-stage prototype as a basis for copying. The most popular among copyists is the American two-stage Tauras-Tamahawk rocket, and in recent years, the Nike-Apache. So, at the last world championship, 10 pieces of models-copies of the first prototype were presented for young men, 12 for adults. And that's all - with two "working" steps. By the way, the models-copies of "Tauras-Tamahawk" also received a good bench mark - about 600 points. And in flight tests, they had an undeniable advantage in height. So, the result of 332 m allowed Elena Yakunina (Russia) to become the world champion among youths. Her total score is 918 (586 "stand" plus 332 height). Similar models were represented by six of the first seven participants in the competition of this start. The same picture is in the class S5C - in adults. Eight athletes, who took the first eight places, presented models-copies of the Taurus-Tamahawk rocket, the highest flight altitude - 446 meters was reached by the Romanian model Ovdiu Nika. And the best total - 1023 points from the Japanese athlete Terao Takuma. He became the champion.
Summing up what has been said about the WB category, I want to give advice. To achieve good results, a two-stage prototype should be preferred. And the choice of such missiles is quite wide - the famous "Tauras-Tamagavk", "Nike-Apache", "Dragon-Sh", "M-1006", "Bumper-WAC" and others. A good guide for the selection of documentation for two-stage rockets can be books: "Cosmodrome on the table", "Sports models-copies of rockets." I believe that the above reflections will help athletes with certain skills and abilities and who have experience of participating in such competitions to take the right guide. And for those who want to make a sports "projectile" for competitions in the high-altitude category for the first time, I recommend making a choice from the following prototypes: "Meteor-1", MP-20, MMP-06. By the way, with a model-copy of "Meteor-1" and became the champion of Europe in 1981, Yuri Soldatov. In 2005, Yegor Sobolevsky, who performed with a copy of the MMP-06 meteorological rocket, was the winner of the Russian junior championship. It seems that the experience of manufacturing such a model for competitions in flight altitude will be useful to beginner "rocketmen". Small meteorological rocket MMP-06 - single-stage. Its purpose is to quickly determine the parameters of the atmosphere in height. Scientific instruments installed on it make it possible to measure air temperature and pressure, determine the direction and speed of the wind. During the study, the body of the head of the rocket is revealed. The transmission of information to Earth is carried out by telemetry systems. The MMP-06 unguided rocket has a solid propellant rocket engine. The maximum length of the rocket is 3,475 m, the maximum hull diameter is 0,2 m, the span of the stabilizers is 0,7 m, the payload mass is 12 kg, the estimated lift height is 60 km, and the mass of scientific equipment is about 5 kg. The MMP-06 rocket is a good prototype for the manufacture of a model-copy for altitude in the S5B class. The proposed copy is designed on a scale of 1:5. It consists of a motor block, body and head. The case 434 mm long is glued from two layers of drawing paper with a thickness of 0,13 - 0,15 mm on a mandrel with a diameter of 39,5 mm. After drying, the seam is processed and the resulting workpiece is coated with nitro-varnish, then painted with white nitro-paint. A frame with an inner hole with a diameter of 13 mm is placed in one of its ends, under the MRD. The engine block includes a housing made in the form of a conical tube 30 mm long and 40,2 mm in maximum diameter, the stabilizers are cut out of 3 mm thick ceiling foam plates and profiled. Then they are reinforced - pasted over with writing paper with PVA glue. Then covered with three layers of nitro-lacquer. Each stabilizer is attached end-to-end to a figured textolite plate with a maximum width of 10 mm and a thickness of 0,4 mm. On a lathe, a blank for pylons for attaching stabilizers is machined from balsa. Its length is 43 mm, the maximum thickness is 4 mm, the inner surface is made in the form of two cones. After that, it is cut lengthwise into strips - pylons 10 mm wide, which are glued to the body of the block and with a file slightly align the attachment points of the tail unit. Then install four stabilizers. In the lower (narrow) part of the body of the propulsion unit, a frame is attached under the MRD, and in the upper part - a clip for the nozzle of the main body of the model. The head part consists of two elements: the instrument compartment and the fairing. The first is a paper cylinder made on the same mandrel as the main body, its length is 73 mm. The second (fairing) is carved from basswood, lightened inside. Parting lines are drawn with a knife edge. To connect the head part with the body, a parachute attachment halyard is glued into it. All details of the model are painted separately. The body is painted with white nitro paint, blue stripes 7 mm wide are drawn from both ends, the inscription is black. The head part is first painted brown (fairing), then red and dark brown (instrument compartment). The screw heads are silver with a light green tint. They are made by stamping, knocked out with a special punch from food foil 0,2 mm thick (lids from "BIG LUNCH"). In place they are fixed with Moment glue. Excess glue is removed with white spirit. After painting all the elements of the model, they assemble, glue the engine block into the body. To start the MMP-06 copy model, an MRD 5-3-3 engine is installed. The starting weight of the model is 108 g. Author: V.Rozhkov
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