Nanomaterial for air purification on submarines. Free Technical Library News

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Nanomaterial for cleaning air on submarines

18.11.2014

While on a submarine, you breathe air that has already been in the lungs of about 120 other people. This is not as scary as it sounds, because submarines have ventilation systems that clean the air of carbon dioxide using a chemical.

Currently, liquid amines, organic compounds based on ammonia, are used as substances used to remove CO2 from the air. Amines are extremely toxic and have a characteristic repulsive odor familiar to every diver.

The innovative nanomaterial SAMMS, developed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (USA), is a finely porous sand containing molecules that absorb CO2 from the air. Its structure allows even a small amount of material to absorb an incredible amount of CO2 - according to scientists, a teaspoon of SAMMS can absorb an amount of CO2 comparable to the volume of a football stadium.

Importantly, this process is reversible: with a small amount of heat, the carbon dioxide can be released back out of the material, allowing it to be reused. SAMMS was originally designed to remove mercury and other pollutants from industrial waste streams, and its interaction with CO2 was discovered by accident when a scientist accidentally dropped a sample of the material into a glass of water.

The liquid amines used on submarines are highly corrosive and will attack anything but stainless steel, making storage and maintenance a big problem when they become saturated with carbon dioxide. SAMMS will greatly facilitate these processes, as it does not require any special storage conditions and the use of special pumps and tanks, besides, it is much safer and more environmentally friendly. Currently, the nanomaterial is already undergoing long-term testing on US Navy submarines.

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