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Contract law. Form of the agreement and state registration of the agreement (the most important)

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10. FORM OF THE CONTRACT AND STATE REGISTRATION OF THE CONTRACT

The legal regulation of the form of the contract is carried out in the norms devoted to general provisions on transactions (Chapter 9 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), provisions on the rules for concluding a contract (Chapter 28 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), as well as regulating certain types of contracts.

The form of the contract is a way of expressing the inner will outside, a way of expressing the will and fixing the rights, duties and responsibilities of the parties to the contract. Failure to comply with a certain form of the contract does not give rise to the rights and obligations of the parties, up to the recognition of the contract as invalid.

The will to conclude a transaction can be expressed in three ways (Article 158 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation):

a) direct expression of will, which may be oral or written (simple or notarial);

b) implicit expression of will, i.e. such behavior of a person from which his will to make a transaction is clear (for example, buying a carbonated drink through a special machine);

c) expression of will through silence, which is recognized as an expression of will to conclude a transaction in cases provided for by law or by agreement of the parties.

The parties are granted the right to conclude an agreement in any form provided for transactions, if a certain form is not provided for by law for this type of agreement (clause 1, article 434 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

All contracts may be concluded orally, except as otherwise provided by law. Such cases include:

1) limiting the conclusion of an agreement orally on the basis of its subject composition (it is unacceptable to conclude an agreement orally between legal entities, between a legal entity and citizens);

2) the size of the transaction exceeds the limit established by law, expressed in relation to the minimum wage.

The written form of the contract involves the preparation of a single document (in two or more copies), which indicates all its conditions, the necessary details and signatures of the parties. In cases specified by law, a written contract is subject to notarization, without which the contract is considered not concluded.

State registration of an agreement is an additional act of recognition and confirmation by the state of a civil law transaction. Mandatory state registration is subject to transactions with immovable property - in all cases, and transactions with movable property - only in relation to property of a certain type. State registration of an agreement where the subject is real estate occurs by making an entry in the Unified State Register of rights to real estate and transactions with it.

Author: Rezepova V.E.

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