Civil law. A common part. Objects of civil legal relations (the most important)

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Civil law. A common part. Objects of civil legal relations (the most important)

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17. OBJECTS OF CIVIL LEGAL RELATIONSHIPS

Objects of civil legal relations - those benefits, about which the subjects of law enter into legal relations with each other, or what their subjective rights and obligations are aimed at. There are no objectless relationships. All benefits can be divided into material (objects of nature, things created by human labor and satisfying property interests) and intangible (honor, dignity, good name, works of science, art, etc.).

Types of objects of civil rights:

1) things, including money and securities, other property, including property rights; works and services;

2) information;

3) results of intellectual activity, including exclusive rights to them (intellectual property);

4) intangible benefits.

Depending on the objects are divided from turnover capacity to:

1) objects withdrawn from circulation, the alienation of which is not allowed (these objects are directly indicated in the law). Such things can only be in the ownership of the state and are transferred for use on the basis of administrative acts of the state and its competent authorities;

2) objects limited in circulation, which may belong only to certain participants in the circulation or whose presence in circulation is allowed with a special permit (subject to determination in the manner prescribed by law). They can be acquired for use only according to certain rules established by law (for example, a permit to carry weapons);

3) freely tradable objects that can be freely alienated by way of universal succession or otherwise. depending from the connection with the earth things are divided to:

1) movable (not structurally related to the land);

2) immovable (strongly connected with land: buildings, structures. An enterprise is recognized as immovable property as a property complex, which includes all types of property intended for its activities, including land plots, buildings, structures, equipment, inventory, raw materials, products, claims, debts, company name, trademarks, service marks).

Things are divided according to their physical properties to:

1) consumable (in the process of use they lose their consumer qualities in whole or in part), non-consumable (when used for their intended purpose, they are depreciated gradually over a long time: residential buildings, cars) things;

2) complex (consisting of many dissimilar things that form a single whole: a car) and simple;

3) divisible (things that, when divided, do not change their economic purpose) and indivisible (when divided, they lose their original purpose);

4) things defined by generic characteristics and individually defined (things that have some features and properties inherent only to them);

5) the main thing (is in economic or other dependence on another thing (things), but can function without it) and belonging (intended to serve the main thing). Fruits (the result of the organic development of animate or inanimate things), products (obtained in the process of economic use of a thing), income (cash receipts from the participation of a thing in civil circulation).

Author: Stepanova O.N.

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