|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
BUILDER, HOUSEHOLDER
Mini farm. Tips for the home master
Directory / Builder, home master There are many books on rabbit breeding in the world, many instructions, reference books, even more scientific papers, and many descriptions of the experience of practitioners. But what is curious: their conclusions and recommendations on many issues are contradictory or far from definitive. Oddly enough, rabbits are still little studied animals. And one of the many misconceptions in their breeding is a simplistic approach to creating habitat conditions. Take at least the cells. In most cases, especially in amateur practice, it's just a box somewhere in the corner of the barn. Its function most often comes down to one thing - to prevent quadrupeds from running away. Meanwhile, with a rational approach, the cage should be a high-performance aggregate for their intensive cultivation, designed to use the most effective methods of breeding rabbits. The conditions for keeping animals in it should ensure a normal or slightly higher birth rate; without any additional jigging or fattening aviaries - feeding until the sale (that is, up to a weight of 4-5 kg) of each of 10 rabbits from birth, while placing two births of different ages and one rabbit queen at the same time. The cage should be as good as possible - and automatically! - be cleaned, then it will not be a source of odors and a breeding ground for flies. It should, according to the principle of self-feeders, without human intervention, provide the main feed for a week, or even two, as long as possible (but at least 4 days) water the animals, and if it is cool outside, then provide heating of drinking water to the temperature of the rabbit's body - this alone will save feed. As well as a heated mother liquor (rather than a heated room!), will make possible winter births and will contribute to the survival and rapid growth of rabbits. In this case, it is necessary to provide for the beneficial use of the instincts of the animal: to make, for example, the passage to the nesting compartment look like a hole in a hole, to place the mother liquor at least slightly below the general level of the floor, and to arrange the mesh and solid sections of the walls so that there is where to hide from prying eyes. We need a cage design that will allow you to work with okrol unnoticed by the uterus, inspect or separate any rabbit.
This is the set of requirements laid down by the author when developing a design that was recognized as an invention and received copyright certificate No. 782773, and also became the basis of an experimental rabbit farm in Nevskaya Dubrovka, Leningrad Region. This cage is suitable for breeding and keeping rabbits of any breed in personal and public subsidiary plots, on farms of schools, collective farms, state farms, rest houses, etc. Its design provides for the external keeping of animals in sheds that do not have walls, but consist of two rows cells under a common shed roof. Each cell occupies an area of only 1,4 m2. Its construction does not require scarce materials or highly skilled labor - it can be made in any woodworking workshop, as well as on your own. For one cage, two sheets of plywood are needed, two - hard and a meter - soft fiberboard, a sheet of galvanized roofing iron, 8 m2 of roofing material, two bundles of picket fence, four beams, four boards, nails and a can of paint. The cage is assembled from three independent parts: stands, lower and upper tiers. The stand has four main racks made of timber, on which the same racks of the lower tier rest, and on them, in turn, the top one. The horizontal frame of the stand also serves as a support for a tool butt and a small booth for electrical equipment (transformers, heaters), as well as for a strafontaine - a reclining bench (for ease of maintenance of the upper tier). A rectangular hole is made in the front of the shelf, connecting the sealed hopper below and the excrement tank with a shaft descending here. The latter is upholstered with sheets of solid fiberboard or loterma and covered on top with ordinary roofing material, or other stainless and water- and frost-resistant sheet material. The remaining parts of the stand are fiberboard, plywood, picket fence. The lower tier rests on a stand with four racks, connected at the bottom with power boards with a section of 20 X 100 mm, on which the floor slats of the tier are laid. The main, walking, compartment is delimited by an insulated partition (with a blocked manhole) with a nest compartment, which also serves as a shelter for rabbits, and a convenient trap for inspection or jigging. In the nesting compartment, the floor is solid, located 9 cm below the general level of the slatted flooring of the tier. The outer walls of the nest compartment are also insulated. The opening (western) part serves simultaneously as an external door and a shelf-table for working with okrol. This is a solid panel part, hung on hinges horizontally located below and equipped with an emphasis for fixing in the "table" position. The ceiling of the nesting compartment, as well as the walking one, is formed by the upper tier shaft-estrus located above them. The hole in the nest compartment is blocked by a shutter-view inserted outside the cage, from its front (south) side. When installed in the nesting compartment of the mother box, a niche remains between it and the back wall. So that the rabbits do not fall into it, it is covered with a shelf, the width of which is equal to the sidewall of the bar-rack. The walking compartment has a slatted floor made of a picket fence laid on power boards and a slatted frame of a feed trough and a manure window. The section of the rails is 20x45 mm. The direction of their flooring is not parallel and not perpendicular to the side walls, as in traditional designs, but at an angle of 45 ° (from northeast to southwest). With this arrangement, the rabbits, usually lying parallel to the walls, jumping up at the moment of fright, will never break their legs. The width of the slots is 18-20 mm. To protect against rodents, the slats are upholstered from below with a metal strip, for example, from containers.
On the back (northern) wall of the paddock, close to the nest compartment, there is an automatic drinker: an enameled bowl with two five-liter canisters turned into it (necks), in the plugs of which holes 1x1 cm2 are made. Through them, part of the water is drained into the bowl, and the rest is retained due to the resulting rarefaction until the water drunk by the animals exposes the lid, then a new portion is poured into the bowl, until it touches the cork. The dimensions of the drinking compartment, therefore, depend entirely on the dimensions of the bowl and canisters. Its outer door is made of plywood or board; for the inner fence, that is, for the side facing the walking compartment, it is better to use a thin sheet of metal (remembering that rabbits are rodents; they do not disdain polyethylene). Since the bowl looks out into the paddock only partially, on the other hand, through the compartment door, you can put a household submersible electric boiler (EPM-03/220) into it. At an ambient temperature of - 8 °, a reduced voltage is supplied to it through a transformer that simultaneously serves four drinking bowls. In less cold weather, transformers are used in pairs in a series connection: each pair is for 4 cages or 8 drinkers. In this case, the output of the first transformer is connected to the input of the second step-down, at the output of which we obtain a voltage not higher than 73 V - this is what is supplied to the heaters. At an ambient temperature of +12° all power is turned off. Next to the drinker on the back wall is a feed trough for granular feed. In contrast to the section of drinkers, it does not rest on the floor of the tier, but enters with its lower part into the window between the slats: under it, on the skids, there is a retractable utilizer - a metal scoop-ditch for collecting crumbs and flour that are screened out in the process of eating compound feed, as well as granules raked out by paws . To reduce this waste, a horizontal shelf-window sill was also made in the aft window, which prevents paws from working. From the outside, the feed trough resembles a wedge, the upper part of which leans back, opening the hopper for loading the feed. Inside there is an inclined mesh, through which the feed fines and flour fall into the waste tray, and the granules roll down to the feed window 100x100 mm in size. The rabbit breeder periodically checks the fullness of the utilizer and pours the pellets back into the feeder, and the flour into a separate bag; thus, there is practically no loss of feed. From under the cover, a plywood wall with an opposite slope is lowered to the inclined grid of the feeder, not reaching the grid by 60 mm. Through the slot, the pellets roll down to the feed tank, and above it is a regular bunker. There are three windows at the feeder; more is not required even for 12 rabbits. The partitions that form them reach the grid. We dwell on the feed trough in such detail, because only granular feed (even if it is pork) can ensure the efficiency of raising rabbits. Feeding with grain is less productive, non-granulated feed leads to the death of rabbits due to clogging of the respiratory tract, and attempts to use various mixers increase labor costs, lead to intestinal diseases, and attract flies to the farm. Hay and grass, contrary to a well-established misconception, are not food as such, as they are poorly digested by rabbits and are needed only as additional roughage. For him, in the lower and upper tiers, special feeders are arranged, which are a combined design: a nursery door with a coarse mesh. Outside, a folding wedge-shaped bunker is hung on hinges along the lower edge, into which an armful of hay is laid. If the top cover is made heavy and hinged inside the hopper, then with its weight it will always press the hay against the net. As you can see, the north side of both tiers is closed from cold winds - that's why it is important to clearly orient the cell on the ground. The eastern side of the lower tier is made of welded mesh with a window of no more than 25 mm (the chain-link is unsuitable for this purpose). Here in the front (south) corner there is a window for a folding root feeder. Its design is simple: half a vertical box cut diagonally with a handle and a hinged hinge at the bottom. On the southern, front side of the floor of the lower tier, there is a square hole 200x200 mm for the entrance of a truncated cone of the upper tier shaft-chutney, which discharges excrement and at the same time acts as a ceiling for the lower tier. The window is offset by 100 mm to the east (to the right), so that it matches the position of the stand shaft window. Due to the fact that the upper tier is 25 cm longer than the lower tier, the right (eastern) part of the shaft-ceiling of the lower tier goes beyond its dimensions, forming a ledge-support for the upper tier. The sloping ceiling is not a hindrance for the rabbit. The floor area, even minus the space occupied by the feeder, drinker and shaft window, is quite sufficient for the normal function of the queen rabbit and rearing each of the 10 rabbits to jigging. By the way, the configuration of the ceiling creates a resemblance to the hole of a wild rabbit, especially in the area of the hole in the nesting compartment. The front (southern) part consists of an insulated wall of the nest compartment with a slot for manhole shutters, two triangular pieces of mesh and a door of the upper tier tray. The upper tier can be solved in two versions - the main, jigging and auxiliary, uterine, when there are a lot of cells. In the latter case, it almost repeats the lower tier, only smaller in height and longer. This tier does not have a nest compartment and is divided into two unequal sections by a mixed feeder and a drinker. Settled rabbits of the same litter by gender are located - the predominant livestock occupies a large section. Since there is no need to make the floor of the jigging tier in two levels (as in the mother version), the load-bearing boards of the tier frame, on which the rack floor will lie, have a smaller section: 20x80 mm. The slats are laid in the same way, but they change direction - perpendicular to the slats of the lower tier, which achieves additional rigidity of the entire structure.
Each of the two sections of the upper tier has its own feeder for root crops and its own nursery-doors, similar to those located below (the nursery-doors of one section are larger). The same can be said about the drinker and feeder. The front (southern) wall of the jigging tier has two doors - with a mesh stretched over the frame. The design of the cage is designed for non-normative feeding and the same watering, which in the end, as experience has shown, is much more economical, but only under the condition of intensive operation of the mini-farm. For males under such conditions, significant reproductive loads are required, and females must continuously lactate until the 21st day of the next pregnancy; rabbits grow rapidly and are sold for meat and a large strong skin already on the 120-130th day of birth (in summer - a little later) with a weight of 4-5 kg. The device of the cage, as it were, forces the animals to intensive development, and the rabbit breeder - to receive the greatest profit from the mini-farm. Author: I.Mikhailov
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024 Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024 Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
▪ Nanotweezers extract individual molecules from a living cell without destroying it ▪ Problem: Too little ice and snow on the roads
▪ section of the site Signal limiters, compressors. Article selection ▪ article by Alfred Newman. Famous aphorisms ▪ Why do wrinkles form? Detailed answer ▪ article Rogue. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ article Linen marking pencils. Simple recipes and tips ▪ article Miracle whistle. Focus Secret
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page