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What is the socio-economic and political crisis in the countries of Eastern Europe in the 1970-1980s? Detailed answer Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What is the socio-economic and political crisis in the countries of Eastern Europe in the 1970-1980s? In the second half of the twentieth century. in the countries of Eastern Europe remained relatively stable growth rates of industrial production. The production of electricity, engineering products, and steel smelting were constantly growing. Between the countries that were part of the Warsaw Pact and the Comecon, there was an extensive system of communications. In 1971, at the regular session of the CMEA, a comprehensive program was adopted to further deepen and improve cooperation and develop economic integration. The foreign policy position of the countries of Eastern Europe has also been strengthened. The CMEA countries, under the leadership of the USSR, played an important role in the preparation and holding of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. In the summer of 1975, together with other countries, they signed the Final Act of the Conference, which approved the principle of the inviolability of post-war borders in Europe and put forward a set of measures to strengthen peace and security. However, since the second half of the 1970s the international situation and the socio-economic and political position of the European socialist countries became noticeably more complicated. World economic crisis 1974-1975 had a negative impact on the countries of the socialist camp. The beginning of a new stage of scientific and technological revolution also posed extremely important and difficult problems for the socialist countries. With all the acuteness, all countries of the world faced the task of transforming the economy on the basis of the latest technology and technology, breaking the outdated sectoral structure of the national economy, and changing the methods of economic management. There was an urgent need to move from an extensive to an intensive type of economic development. Meanwhile, the administrative-command system that developed in the countries of Eastern Europe on the model of the Soviet model turned out to be not ready for new trends. Therefore, the crisis of economic and political structures began to deepen sharply in the countries of Eastern Europe. The USSR and other socialist countries failed to join the new stage of the scientific and technological revolution and to modernize their economies and political organization. The growing backlog in the scientific and technical equipment of production led to the fact that most of the products manufactured in the socialist countries could not withstand competition on the world market, which also complicated domestic political life. In the 1080s the lag of the socialist countries behind the pace of development of Western civilization has deepened even more. In these countries, there was a growing shortage of even basic commodities. In many countries, especially in the USSR, Romania, Vietnam, Cuba, even the food problem has become acute. The efficiency of the functioning of national economies in the socialist countries was constantly declining. Five-year plans, as a rule, were not fulfilled. The grips of inflation tightened more and more. Gross miscalculations in planning and in investment policy did not make it possible to eliminate deep disproportions in the economy and carry out the necessary structural changes. A huge number of unfinished construction of various facilities in the USSR, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and other countries held back attempts at modernization, hindered the technical reconstruction. Difficulties in economic development led to a decline in the living standards of the population and led to serious complications in the social sphere. It was not possible to restrain this process by obtaining external loans and reducing the share of the accumulation fund in the national income, as the leadership of Poland, Hungary and Romania tried to do. The socio-political situation in all the socialist countries became increasingly tense. Strikes, rallies, mass demonstrations became more frequent, during which protests were expressed against the worsening living conditions of workers, against the administrative system of government. Ideological disorientation and disbelief in the proclaimed but not realized values of socialism began to appear in society. Demands for economic and political reforms were put forward more and more insistently. The trust in the ruling communist and workers' parties was clearly declining. Author: Irina Tkachenko Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia: Which marine and terrestrial reptiles are able to mate and produce offspring? The Galapagos Islands are inhabited by both marine iguanas, which feed mainly on algae, and terrestrial iguanas, which are called conolophos and eat mainly cacti and prickly pear. Despite the fact that these lizards belong not only to different species, but even genera, they are able to mate and produce viable offspring. Hybrid iguanas feel equally good underwater and on land, and due to sharper claws they can climb up cacti, unlike conolophos, who only pick up fallen fruits. However, hybrids are no longer able to reproduce.
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