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How did Great Britain become one of the leading countries in the world under Margaret Thatcher? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? How did Great Britain become one of the leading countries in the world under Margaret Thatcher? Apart from the United States, the "conservative wave" had the greatest impact on the UK. In this country, she is associated with the name of M. Thatcher, who in February 1975 became the new leader of the British Conservatives. She led the party when the country's worst economic crisis in post-war history erupted. The crisis was accompanied by a sharp drop in production, rising unemployment, and progressive inflation. Added to this was the fuel and energy crisis. The Labor Party's efforts to find ways out of the crisis did not bring tangible results. In 1979, one of the brightest representatives of the "conservative wave" M. Thatcher came to power on the wave of British dissatisfaction with the ineffective policy of the Laborites. The fundamentals of the policy that M. Thatcher began to pursue were formulated back in the mid-1970s. in a document titled "The Right Approach". It declared the fight against inflation to be its main goal. After coming to power, M. Thatcher abolished price controls and removed restrictions on the movement of capital. Subsidization of the state sector has sharply decreased, and since 1981 its wide privatization has begun. The use of monetarist methods did not mean curtailing state intervention in the economy. It's just that now it has begun to be carried out by other methods - through the state budget. In the social sphere, M. Thatcher launched a tough attack on the trade unions. As a result of her policy, representatives of trade unions were excluded from participation in the activities of advisory government commissions on problems of socio-economic policy. M. Thatcher's foreign policy was distinguished by high aggressiveness. A bet was made on the accelerated build-up of the country's armed forces, which contributed to the cultivation of imperial ambitions in the mass consciousness of the British. M. Thatcher, justifying her nickname "Iron Lady", toughened London's policy towards Northern Ireland. But M. Thatcher reached the peak of popularity during the Anglo-Argentine war over the Falkland Islands. Sensing this, she decided to use the "Falklands factor" in order to further strengthen the position of the Conservative Party in Parliament. Early elections brought another success to the Conservatives. The internal political situation in the country as a whole was favorable for the conservatives. The economy of the country since the mid-1980s. entered a phase of growth. At that time, its growth rate averaged 4% per year, labor productivity increased markedly, the introduction of the latest technologies into production was actively going on, which contributed to the growth of the competitiveness of British goods in world markets. The tax policy of the Conservatives stimulated the inflow of investments into the economy. All this led to an increase in the life of most of the English, and this could not but affect their political sympathies. In 1987, regular early parliamentary elections were announced in the country. The Conservatives also won an impressive victory this time. After the elections, M. Thatcher successfully continued the same course and by the end of the 1980s. achieved a noticeable improvement in the entire monetary and financial sphere, and this helped to strengthen the position of England in the world economy. But the situation at the turn of the 1980-1990s. was not so bleak. Government spending, especially for military purposes, grew. This could not but lead to inflation. Yes, and in the most conservative party there were leaders who were ready to challenge M. Thatcher's leadership in the party. In the autumn of 1990, M. Thatcher again entered the electoral struggle, but, without waiting for the second round of voting, she announced her resignation from the post of prime minister. M. Thatcher left big politics. The 10-year "Thatcher era" has ended - an important stage in the history of Britain, when the country's transition to the phase of a post-industrial society took place. M. Thatcher was replaced by the moderate conservative J. Major, who was then replaced by the young Labor leader E. Blair. The change of parties at the helm of the state did not mean a change of milestones in the country's politics. True, new problems appeared on the agenda, which were already being solved by a new generation of politicians. Author: Irina Tkachenko
What uses the most water? It takes about 700 liters of water to produce a single newspaper, the production of one plastic bottle for a carbonated drink requires 300 liters to wash one car, 400 liters are needed. Taking a bath, a person spends from 80 to 120 liters of water. When flushing water in the toilet, 10 liters go down the drain, and a drip shower consumes up to 3000 liters of this priceless substance per year.
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