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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
What happened in the USA during the era of the Conservative Revolution? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What happened in the USA during the era of the Conservative Revolution? The highest rise of the "conservative wave" in the US is associated with the name of R. Reagan, who as early as 1976 announced his claims to power, when the US was pondering its defeat in Vietnam and the consequences of the Watergate scandal. This situation gave rise to doubts in the minds of Americans about the rationality and effectiveness of the path followed by America since the New Deal. This was taken advantage of by R. Reagan, who led his election campaign under anti-statist slogans. The "conservative wave" quickly gained momentum, and in 1980 R. Reagan won the election. Central to the Reagan administration's strategy was the restructuring of the budgetary mechanism, which implied the abandonment of demand stimulation and the reorientation of budgetary practice towards balancing government revenues and expenditures. The reduction of the regulatory functions of the government was to be expressed in the relinquishment of control over the prices of oil and other energy carriers and in a significant relaxation of restrictions on entrepreneurial activity. In the field of social policy, a radical reduction in public spending was envisaged, including the elimination of appropriations for most aid programs. In 1982, the president came up with the concept of "new federalism", the essence of which was the redistribution of powers between the federal government and the state authorities in favor of the latter. In this regard, the Republican administration proposed to cancel about 150 federal social programs, and transfer the rest to the state authorities. In general terms, the results of Reaganomics can be expressed as follows: "The rich got richer, the poor got poorer." But, despite tough measures in the field of social policy, the US government did not face any serious outburst of protest. Moreover, R. Reagan's popularity was steadily growing. The reason for this paradoxical situation was that by the time of social transformations, a favorable economic situation had developed. By the 1980s the most difficult phase of the crisis was left behind, and an industrial boom began in America, which affected the standard of living of a significant part of American society. The share of people with low incomes has sharply decreased in the country. Moreover, those who have raised their social status through the social reforms carried out in the past have now themselves turned into critics of the continuation of the policy of supporting those who supposedly do not want to work and earn a living. R. Reagan's appeals found a benevolent response from them. The foreign policy activities of the R. Reagan administration also impressed the voters. America, having overcome the "Vietnamese Syndrome", again began to demonstrate its muscles to the world. The struggle for the revival of "American power" has become an important means of consolidating society around the president. In the election campaign of 1984, R. Reagan had practically no competitors. The 1984 campaign clearly demonstrated, on the one hand, the power of the "conservative wave" and, on the other hand, a serious crisis of Roosevelt-style liberalism. Opposition forces in such a situation had to quickly develop an adequate response to the challenge of the "conservative wave". To discredit the ruling regime, opponents used its criticism from moral and ethical positions. Their main argument was that in America, which upholds the priority of individual rights, a "permissive society" has developed in which drug addiction, crime, and sexual promiscuity flourish instead of traditional values. But this did not stop the advance of conservative forces. Positions of the Republican Party in the Political Process of the 1980s were essentially unshakable. Even the departure of R. Reagan from the active political scene in 1988 did not change the situation. The representative of the Republican Party, George W. Bush, again became the next president of the United States. He had to further consolidate the economic success of the country, prevent the undermining of social stability, and continue the successful foreign policy of the country. Author: Irina Tkachenko
Whose language names trees according to the sound the wind makes when it blows through them? In the language of the Mi'kmaq Indians, some trees are named after the sound the wind makes when it blows through them an hour after sunset in autumn. Moreover, with a change in this sound, the names of the trees also change.
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