What was called subbotnik before the advent of Soviet power? Detailed answer

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What was called subbotnik before the advent of Soviet power? Detailed answer

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What was called subbotnik before the advent of Soviet power?

Before the advent of Soviet power, the word "subbotnik" had a different meaning. So the high school students called the collective flogging, which was arranged for them by the authorities for misconduct committed during the school week. Corporal punishment itself was used in Russian schools until the second half of the 19th century.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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How should one live in order to live as long as possible?

Longevity is largely determined by hereditary, genetic factors. But, like any inheritance, it can be quickly squandered, or it can be increased. Longevity statistics show that success is achieved mainly by "free children of forests and fields", leading a calm, measured lifestyle, engaged in moderate physical labor.

"Among the influences that shorten human life, sadness, despondency, fear, melancholy, cowardice, envy and hatred prevail... Boredom is very dangerous both physically and morally..." wrote the German clinician Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland . Excessive joy can lead to the same unpleasant consequences: Sophocles, for example, died to the applause of the crowd that crowned his genius, and the niece of the philosopher Leibniz died of joy, having found 600 thousand francs on her uncle's deathbed.

Trying to reconcile these two extremes, gerontologists propose to adhere to the golden mean - to avoid "excessive irritability" and, in general, "save nerve cells", since their performance decreases especially rapidly with age.

But it is known that people of active creative work also differed in longevity, whose nerve cells obviously worked extremely intensively. So, Leo Tolstoy died at the age of 82 from pneumonia. Titian died at the age of 99 from the plague; he was 95 years old when he completed his famous painting "Christ Crowned with Thorns". Camille Corot wrote one of his masterpieces in the 80th year of his life. Composer Daniel François Esprit Aubert died at the age of 90, and at the age of 87 he wrote the operetta "Dreams of Love". Goethe lived for 83 years, finishing the second part of Faust a year before his death. Literally exhausted himself with work, knowing neither rest nor peace, Michelangelo Buonarotti, but nevertheless lived for 89 years, leaving a unique mark in painting, sculpture, architecture and poetry. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov died of an infection at the age of 86, still full of creative energy.

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