What explains the special way people are buried - face down - in many archaeological finds? Detailed answer

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What explains the special way people are buried - face down - in many archaeological finds? Detailed answer

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What explains the special way people are buried - face down - in many archaeological finds?

Archaeologists sometimes find human burials face down. For a long time it was believed that this situation was due to random factors. A thorough study of this issue based on examples of similar burials in different parts of the world from various historical epochs showed that they all have one thing in common: those people who were not respected and wanted to be humiliated even after death were buried face down.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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Why is it good to sleep in the middle of the day?

Currently, physiologists believe that a person should sleep not once, but at least twice a day. They have proven that a short nap in the middle of the day improves concentration and productivity.

So, for example, the speed of visual reaction (the time during which a person understands what is written on a computer screen) in the morning is 10 milliseconds, in the evening - 40. But if the subject slept during the day, then in the evening he perceives information as quickly as in the morning.

In favor of the expediency of daytime sleep, the fact that a person’s temperature during the day is not constant, but has two minimums - in the intervals of 3-5 and 13-15 hours. It is at this time that most people have the strongest desire to sleep.

This pattern is explained by the fact that our ancestors, primates, inhabitants of hot tropical countries, are mainly twilight animals, they are especially active at dusk, in the evening and in the early morning. And in the middle of the day, at the hottest time, they sleep under the canopy of dense crowns.

First in Japan, then in Europe, and now in the United States, many firms have begun introducing daytime naps. In the German town of Vechta near Hamburg, municipality employees can get 20 minutes of sleep a day if they wish. In order not to hire additional employees, the mayor's office decided in this way to increase the efficiency of the existing employees.

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The chip is powered by light, heat and vibration 17.07.2012

The chip is able to extract energy from light, heat and vibration at the same time. Sensors with such chips will never require an internal power source - a battery or an accumulator - and can work forever. Scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have taken an important step towards the emergence of sensors without internal energy sources - batteries and accumulators, according to Physorg. The head of the Institute's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Saurav Bandyopadhyay, has created a chip that can "draw" energy from the environment: light, heat and vibration.

Previous studies in this direction have already been carried out. A colleague of the scientist Anantha Chandrakasan learned to take electrical energy from three different sources separately: light, heat and vibration. In the new work, the scientist combined the ability to take energy from these sources in one microcircuit, and also increased the power efficiency.

The created chip can take energy from the movement of parts of the human body, for example, when walking, or from the temperature difference in the human body. Sensors with such chips can be used to take body parameters and work indefinitely. In turn, sensors installed on road and rail bridges, which inform the services about the state of the structure, can take energy from the vibration generated due to the passage of vehicles over the bridge.

The main difficulty, according to the developer, was to create an electrical circuit of the chip that could process several sources at once, differing in different capacities. As a rule, this problem is solved by a simple automatic selection of the source that gives the maximum power. According to Bandiopadhyay, this approach is less efficient because the energy of the remaining sources is wasted at this time. “Instead, we have learned to get energy from all sources at once,” the scientist comments. This was done with the help of capacitors that accumulate charge from other sources when the power is supplied from the main one.

The second task was to minimize the energy that the circuit itself consumes. Typically, power is supplied through a battery or high-capacity capacitor. Energy flows to them, and only then - to the main circuit. Bandyopadhyay made the circuit work directly from the energy source. According to him, this significantly increased efficiency.

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