Where does the smell of wet earth come from? Detailed answer

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Where does the smell of wet earth come from? Detailed answer

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Where does the smell of wet earth come from?

The smell of wet earth that we feel after rain is the organic substance geosmin, which is produced by cyanobacteria and actinobacteria living on the surface of the earth.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How many years hiccuped record holder for the duration of hiccups, while leading a normal life?

American Charles Osborne began hiccuping in 1922 when he was 28 and continued to do so for 68 years. At the same time, he led a normal life, got married and had eight children. A year after the end of a prolonged bout of hiccups, Osborne died.

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Pluto emits X-rays 16.07.2017

Pluto turned out to be a powerful source of X-rays. X-ray radiation was previously recorded when observing other celestial bodies - for example, Venus and Mars. This is usually explained by the presence of noble gases or nitrogen in their atmosphere. In addition, X-ray sensors worked when observing comets.

The data obtained allow scientists to assert that there is an atmosphere on Pluto, and it is subject to periodic seasonal fluctuations in density and composition. When Pluto gets as close as possible to the Sun, solid nitrogen and methane from its surface turn into a gaseous state and make the atmosphere denser.

The last time Pluto passed its perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the Sun) was in 1989. In 2015, during the "visit" of New Horizons, it was still summer on Pluto (a year there lasts 248 Earth years), and the summer atmosphere consisted mainly of nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide.

Since there are neutral gases in the atmosphere, it means that the ions of the solar wind must collide with the molecules of these gases in the atmosphere. On other celestial bodies, their interaction generates X-rays, so scientists decided to look at Pluto through the eyes of the Chandra X-ray telescope and find out if Pluto emits X-rays. It turned out to radiate - and how; the telescope recorded more powerful radiation than predicted by all mathematical models.

Either there are always a lot of grains of solid matter in the atmosphere of Pluto and the sunlight reaching them excites the atoms of this matter and causes them to emit X-ray quanta, or the density of the solar wind matter in the region of Pluto is higher than calculated. Perhaps some hitherto unknown phenomenon is focusing the solar wind on Pluto - hence the high density of particles and X-rays, astronomers say. There is no exact answer to the question about the source of strong X-ray radiation on Pluto yet.

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