What game sports have underwater analogues? Detailed answer

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What game sports have underwater analogues? Detailed answer

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What game sports have underwater analogues?

Many game sports have underwater counterparts: underwater football, underwater rugby, underwater hockey - the latter is the most widespread. Like the surface counterparts, the players here must move the ball or puck, which is heavier than water, into the opponent's goal. The ability to hold your breath for as long as possible without rising to the surface of the water is important. The most extreme form of ice hockey is ice hockey - it is similar to regular hockey, but the puck moves on the underside of a layer of ice on a frozen pond or pool.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Where do panamas come from?

From Ecuador.

In Europe and North America, this headgear first appeared in the early XNUMXth century as "panama" hats were called because they were exported through suppliers based in Panama.

In England, the panama was chosen by the royal family as the perfect summer hat and quickly became a must-have accessory for sporting events and outdoor social events. When Queen Victoria died in 1901, a black ribbon was added to the panama in her honor.

In both Americas, such hats were part of the standard workwear of the people who built the Panama Canal. In 1906, US President Theodore Roosevelt visited the building and had his picture taken in Panama. Panama's success was assured.

The origins of the hat are truly ancient: during excavations on the coast of Ecuador, archaeologists discovered ceramic figurines (4000 BC) in funny headdresses. Some scholars believe that the weaving skills required to make panama hats were adopted from the Polynesian aborigines, who are known to have produced linen fabrics. The first Spaniards were so shocked by the transparency of the material that they sincerely believed that they were looking at the skin of a vampire.

The history of modern hats dates back to the XNUMXth century. Today's panama hats are made from a textile fiber obtained from a ten-foot Panamanian palm - jipijapa or toquilla (scientific name - Carludovica palmata). They are produced mainly in the city of Cuenca, although the most beautiful examples come from the towns of Montecristi and Biblian.

The time required for the manufacture of a panama can vary quite significantly. Toquilla is harvested only five days a month, during the last quarter of the moon, when palm fiber contains the least amount of water and is easier and easier to spin. A skillful weaver can draw out a fiber as thick as a silk thread. A "commodity" hat can be made in a couple of hours, while a high-quality panama, or superfine, can sometimes take up to five months and sell for £1000.

In 1985, the Conran Foundation listed Panama as one of the "100 Greatest Designs of All Nations and Era" for exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum.

Ecuador gets its name from the Spanish word for "equator". In addition to hats, this country is the world's leading exporter of bananas and balsa wood for aircraft modeling.

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Breathing bioaccumulators 24.03.2013

Scientists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences have developed a new type of power source. A battery with a relatively high voltage and a long service life is a "breathing" cathode based on enzymes, carbon nanotubes and silicates.

The new battery can be used primarily to power various implants, such as pacemakers or contact lenses with automatic focal length change or a projector that transmits an image directly to the retina. Ordinary batteries are not suitable for these purposes, because they contain strong acids and other active substances that are hazardous to health.

Polish scientists decided to develop a bioaccumulator that does not need to be charged: just place electrodes in the body, and they will start generating electricity. Bioaccumulators have been known for a long time: everyone probably remembers the school experiment with potatoes, which generated electricity when electrodes were connected. Unfortunately, most experimental bioaccumulators produce a low voltage of 0,6-0,7 volts. However, Polish researchers have managed to create a bioaccumulator that delivers a much higher voltage for many hours: 1,75 volts. This is already enough to power many implants and promising neurointerfaces.

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During the experiments, the new energy source produced a voltage of 1,6 volts for at least 1,5 weeks. Over time, the efficiency of the device decreases, probably due to the gradual degradation of the enzyme on the biocathode. The developers believe that the life of the new bioaccumulator can be extended even with existing technologies.

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