To communicate with what objects may it be necessary to use the Earth's core as an antenna? Detailed answer

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To communicate with what objects may it be necessary to use the Earth's core as an antenna? Detailed answer

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To communicate with what objects may it be necessary to use the Earth's core as an antenna?

Communication with submarines in a submerged state by conventional means is complicated due to the so-called skin effect, which is expressed in a decrease in the amplitude of electromagnetic waves when moving through a conductive medium. One solution to this problem is to transmit very long waves through the Earth's core as an antenna. To do this, at a distance of tens of kilometers from each other, electrodes are buried in the soil, and a power of several megawatts is used to generate a signal. Due to the extremely low efficiency, the output signal power drops to a few watts, but it can be received almost anywhere in the world. Such systems were built by only three countries - the Soviet "ZEUS" on the Kola Peninsula, the American "Project ELF" and the Indian "INS Kattabomman".

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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