Who are the bandits? Detailed answer

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Who are the bandits? Detailed answer

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Who are the bandits?

Binduzhniki are Odessa draft cabs who carried heavy loads. And the wagons were called bindugs.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What causes gout?

Gout has been known since ancient times. In the old days, it was considered a "noble disease", because they thought that gout comes from too much food and too much wine drunk, and, of course, only rich people could afford this. But in reality, one of the conditions for the development of gout is an excess of uric acid in the blood. The body of a person suffering from this disease is not able to absorb and break down some proteins. They are called purines and are ingested through food.

The most rich in purine are the liver, kidneys, pancreas and goiter of the animal, sardines, anchovies, turkey meat, pork, and beef. A doctor will usually recommend that a gout patient avoid these foods. This is a very painful disease, and the pains usually come on suddenly.

In most cases, the big toe starts to hurt first. And then very soon, literally within a few hours, all the joints swell, become red, hot and very sensitive. The pains are so strong that a person is terribly afraid that no one touches the sore spots. This fear is very typical of gouty people. The exacerbation lasts for several days or weeks, and then passes completely - until the next attack.

A predisposition to gout develops, perhaps not only because of the food a person consumes, but also because of physical overload, emotional disturbances, and possibly allergies.

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Breathing bioaccumulators 24.03.2013

Scientists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences have developed a new type of power source. A battery with a relatively high voltage and a long service life is a "breathing" cathode based on enzymes, carbon nanotubes and silicates.

The new battery can be used primarily to power various implants, such as pacemakers or contact lenses with automatic focal length change or a projector that transmits an image directly to the retina. Ordinary batteries are not suitable for these purposes, because they contain strong acids and other active substances that are hazardous to health.

Polish scientists decided to develop a bioaccumulator that does not need to be charged: just place electrodes in the body, and they will start generating electricity. Bioaccumulators have been known for a long time: everyone probably remembers the school experiment with potatoes, which generated electricity when electrodes were connected. Unfortunately, most experimental bioaccumulators produce a low voltage of 0,6-0,7 volts. However, Polish researchers have managed to create a bioaccumulator that delivers a much higher voltage for many hours: 1,75 volts. This is already enough to power many implants and promising neurointerfaces.

The main component of the new bioaccumulator is a cathode of enzymes, which are surrounded by carbon nanotubes and enclosed in a porous structure based on a silicate matrix. In order for the battery to work, it is enough to pour an electrolyte into the device, for example, a solution with hydrogen ions. Pores in the silicate matrix allow oxygen from the air and hydrogen ions to enter the cathode's active enzymatic core, where oxygen is reduced. At the same time, carbon nanotubes facilitate the transfer of electrons.

During the experiments, the new energy source produced a voltage of 1,6 volts for at least 1,5 weeks. Over time, the efficiency of the device decreases, probably due to the gradual degradation of the enzyme on the biocathode. The developers believe that the life of the new bioaccumulator can be extended even with existing technologies.

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