What is the vault of heaven? Detailed answer

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What is the vault of heaven? Detailed answer

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What is the vault of heaven?

In Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, the visible celestial dome was considered a solid vault covering the Earth from above, they represented the sky consisting of seven crystalline spheres, along which the luminaries rotate: the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Later, in the Middle Ages, scientists argued what the vault of heaven was made of: glass, crystal, or blue precious stones, such as sapphire?

The correct explanation of what the firmament is was given in the XNUMXth century by the great Italian Leonardo da Vinci. In the book "On Painting" he wrote: "The blue of the sky is due to the thickness of the illuminated particles of air, which is located between the Earth and the blackness above."

The air around us - the atmosphere - is a completely colorless gas. Even the not very clean air of the surface layer of the atmosphere in cities turns out to be unusually transparent in comparison with the most transparent liquid or the most transparent optical glass.

If we look through a layer of air several meters thick, we do not see it at all. If the thickness of the layer reaches several kilometers, we see an air haze that draws in distant objects. The whole atmosphere as a whole, thanks to its enormous thickness, creates a light blue dome of the sky.

Author: Cellarius E.Yu.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who Invented the Helicopter?

As you know, the very first scheme of an aircraft with a vertical rotor was developed back in 1500 by the great Italian scientist, artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci. However, like many other ideas, it took several centuries to implement.

The first helicopters (although it is difficult to call them such) appeared at the beginning of the 1907th century. More precisely - in the years 1909-1916. But the very first helicopter, which managed to carry out a relatively long flight, appeared only in XNUMX. It was called by the name of its creators - the Austrian Lieutenant Stefan Petrochi and Professor Theodor von Karman - a helicopter on a leash Karman - Petrochi. He could climb only a few tens of meters, besides, he had to be kept on a leash so that he did not fly away.

In the following decades, only a small number of helicopters managed to get off the ground for a short time. Only in 1930, the helicopter, created by the Soviet designer Alexander Mikhailovich Cheremukhin, rose in free flight to a height of 605 meters. It was the very first successfully flying helicopter in the history of the aircraft industry.

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